1 . A Plastic Ocean is a documentary to make you think. Think, and then act. We need to take action on our dependence on plastic. We’ve been producing plastic in huge quantities. Some bottles, shopping bags and toys are made of plastic.     1     What happens to all the rest? This is the question the documentary A Plastic Ocean answers.

The documentary begins with a journey to film the largest animal on the planet, the blue whale. But during the journey, the producers made a shocking discovery of a huge, thick layer of plastic floating in the Indian Ocean.     2     In total, they visited 20 locations around the world during the four years to make the documentary.

In the documentary there are beautiful shots of the seas and marine life.     3     We see how marine species (海洋物种) are being killed by all the plastic we are dumping (倾倒) in the ocean. The message about our use of plastic is painfully obvious.

    4     In the second half, the producers look at what we can do to deal with the problem. They present short-term and long-term solutions. These include avoiding plastic containers and recycling plastic as much as you can. The producers also stress the need for governments to work more on recycling programmes.

We make a shocking amount of plastic. Over 300 million tons of plastic is produced every year, and at least 8 million of it is dumped into the oceans. The results are disastrous, but it isn’t too late to change.     5    

The Li River is one of the     1     (destination) tourists won’t miss. However, with the number of tourists increasing, the river’s water was polluted. Some tourists     2     (frequent) threw garbage into the river. Kitchens on the tour boats were using lots of oil,     3     was often thrown into the water. Besides, more chemicals were used to increase crop production,     4     (cause) water quality issues and a decrease in the number of fish species. These problems made the local officials worried about the natural environment. They felt urgent steps should be taken     5     (restore) the river to its original beauty.

The waste water treatment facilities were constructed, which helped improve the water quality and water     6     (conserve). Dozens of polluting enterprises     7     (close) or moved. What’s more, the local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development. New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods. With these measures,     8     is believed that the beauty of the Li River will come back soon.

What is     9     most amazing is that the “Water Ten Plan” is now tackling water pollution across the country. With such campaigns     10     effect, China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.

Since Japan began releasing nuclear-contaminated (核污染) wastewater into the Pacific Ocean on last Thursday despite little     1     (approve) from the international community, Chinese netizens have expressed their anger and concern, with a large number of them     2     (say) that they would no longer go to Japanese restaurants.

According to the spokesperson, the actions of the Japanese government are contradictory to international conventions (公约) and experts say that the influence of Japan’s release of wastewater     3     the safety of people throughout the world is unpredictable. As       4     consequence, many domestic Japanese restaurants say that they will adjust their product lines, and seafood will be selected from domestic sources or imported from other coastal countries. Some even say that they will seek     5     (develop) other new cuisines (菜肴).

“The Chinese government will take necessary measures to     6     (firm) protect the marine environment     7     Japan is determined to go on with its discharge (排放) plan.” said a majority of Chinese, among     8     are those living and studying in Japan now. In a poll (民意调查)     9     (conduct) on Sina Weibo, more than 200, 000 netizens urge Japan to cancel its wrong decision and address the wastewater in a responsible manner. “We don’t want August 24, 2023 to be a disaster day for marine environment and we hope that the issue     10     (give) priority to and dealt with as soon as possible. If Japan does not change course, it must bear the historic consequence for this decision.”

5 . Most of us are used to the sound we hear in daily life, such as music, the middle of the night.     1    . However, when these sounds of television, people talking on their phones and even pet dogs barking in the night keep you from sleeping all night or the traffic starts to give you a headache, they turn into noise pollution. For many of us, the concept of pollution is limited to nature an resources. However, noises that tend to damage the natural rhythm of life make environmental pollutants.

    2    . Man-made noises such as horns, airplanes and even cars can be too loud for our hearing range. Constant exposure to loud noise can easily result in the damage to our eardrums (耳膜) and lead to our loss of hearing.

Too much noise pollution in working areas such as offices, construction sites, bars and even in our homes can influence psychological health. Studies show that the occurrence of aggressive behavior, sleep disturbance, and constant stress can be linked to excessive (过度的) noise levels.     3    .

Loud noises can certainly influence our sleeping pattern.     4    , if we don’t have a good sleep at night. For example, our performance may go down i the office as well as at home. It is therefore recommended to take a sound sleep to give our body proper rest.

As of now, there do not exist many solutions to such pollution.     5    , when it comes to what an individual can do. Only when our understanding of noise pollution is complete can we take steps to get rid of it completely.

9 . A new study finds too much light at night can cut the number of seeds a plant produces. Researchers put up street lights in Swiss meadows, far from any real street. The setup mimicked (模拟) urban light pollution. In these now-light-polluted fields, flowers had 62 percent fewer night visitors—insect pollinators(传粉者)—than the flowers in

Cabbage thistles are the most common flowers in these meadows. Fewer insect visitors at night could mean less pollen (花粉) pollinated from plant to plant (the first step in producing seeds). “For the thistles, daytime pollinator visits didn’t make up for this loss at night,” says Eva Knop, an ecologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland. Overall, night-lit plants produced one-eighth fewer seeds than plants that got full nights of darkness did.

“Light pollution might affect a whole network of plants and their pollinators,” Knop and her colleagues now suggest. Indeed, night pollination is not just a lonely business for a few special plants. There are lots of links between production of pollen by night and that by day. Plants with a lot of night visits are often very busy by day, too. Light at night that decreases seed numbers could over time mean fewer new plants. And fewer plants could mean less food and shelter for daytime insects. Therefore, a lot of pollinators working day and night shifts could be affected, which is what Knop worries about.

The new study is the first to show how artificial light affects plants’ ability to produce seeds. The test is also unusual because it considers all kinds of insect pollinators instead of focusing only on night-flying insects. The researchers paid special attention to the cabbage thistle, but they also mapped which kinds of insects visited other plants by day or night.

10 . The world has a plastic problem—and it is increasing.    1     But in the meantime, here are five things you can do to reduce plastic waste now.

1.Replace plastic bags. People use a lot of plastic bags worldwide every year.About 10 percent are used in the United States alone. That’s almost one bag per American per day.    2     In 1993, Denmark was the first country to place a tax(税) on plastic bags.Today, other countries either make customers pay for plastic bags or have banned them completely.

2.Skip the straw(吸管)．Today, around 8.3 billion plastic straws pollute the world’s beaches.    3    In 2018, Seattle became the first major U．S.city to ban plastic straws, and many other cities are set to follow its example.

3.Use limited plastic bottles. Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any type of beverage(饮料)you like.    4    Globally, however, consumers still buy nearly a million plastic bottles every minute.

4.Avoid plastic packaging materials.Don’t buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging.In the United Kingdom, leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic­free areas.They also want to tax plastic take­out containers.

5.Recycle. We can’t recycle all plastic items, but it is possible to recycle most bottles and milk or juice cartons.Today, Norway recycles 97 percent of its plastic bottle.How?    5