1 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. balance            B. communicate            C. contaminated            D. deprive                  E. disruptive F. dramatically       G. interrupt                 H. mate                       I. occupational            J. respectively K. vibrations

Noisy Earth

When we think of pollution, we usually think of harmful toxins in the environment. For example, air pollution is    1    air that can be dangerous to breathe. But there is another kind of pollution which can be just as harmful to living things as other types of pollution.

Noise pollution consists of loud sounds in the environment that are    2    . Just like other types of pollution, noise pollution is caused by humans and is mainly a problem in urbans. Car alarm sirens, construction work and the roar of engines are just a few examples of noise pollution.

Why should we be concerned about noise pollution? According to a World Health Organization report, noise can cause serious health problems. It may    3    people of sleep and causes heart disease and hearing loss. These problems are    4    hazards for people who work in noisy places. Musicians, mechanics, police officers, and airport workers all have to put up with noise pollution.

Physical health problems are just some of the effects of noise. Noise also affects learning ability and memory. Noise poses a threat to animals in nature as well, which can cause them to die from lack of food. For example, some types of birds cannot find food in areas that have bad noise pollution. Whales, for example, produce sounds in order to     5    with each other. Noises in the ocean from ships and other human activities can    6    whale communication. The noises can also affect the ability of whales to find a    7    , which could reduce whale populations. In addition, researchers discovered that noise pollution can cause physical harm to those marine animals. They found several dead giant squids off the coast of Spain. In this respect,     8    from the guns of naval ships in the area tore holes in the squids’ statocysts. Statocysts are organs behind the squids’ eyes that help them maintain    9    . Damage to the statocysts made it impossible for the squids to swim, eat, or reproduce, and they died.

Countries around the world recognize that noise pollution is a real problem. Many government agencies already control noise from trucks and buses. Noise barriers covered with plants along the highway    10    reduced noise for nearby apartment dwellers. With these health and safety regulations and increased awareness, we may be able to live in a quieter world.

2 . Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the words and phrases below.

downtown	jam	suit	greenhouse gases
public transport	complain	anger	get stuck in traffic

Martin: Good morning, Mary. How do you always manage to the office before me?
Mary: Morning, Martin. Well, I cycle so I don’t     1    .
Martin: Well, I don’t cycle but I do take     2    . It’s not quite as fast as cycling but it gets me     3     much quicker than if I take my car.
Mary: Public transport is also a good way to help reduce the level of     4     in our atmosphere. If more people take the bus and train, it would be better for us all.
Martin: I know so many people who     5     about traffic     6     and air pollution, but     7     cannot solve the problems.
Mary. That kind of attitude is common but I think more and more people are beginning to do something which     8     them and protect the environment.

3 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. generated       B. mechanically       C. partnership       D. reforming       E. powered F. efficiency       G. growing       H. greatly       I. sustainable       J. revolutionize       K. emissions

The Inevitable Plastics Revolution

The Guardian once called plastic “Man’s worst invention”. One of the lesser-known uses of plastic is to reduce carbon emissions. For example, plastics make vehicles lighter thereby increasing their     1    ; it also increases the shelf life of foods, reducing food waste and the need to transport more. So plastics have an important role to play in creating a     2     future.

Currently that isn’t the case. Of the 24.5 million tons of plastic waste     3     in Europe each year, only 14 per cent is recycled. The rest is burned, buried or lost on land or at sea. Indeed, the European plastics industry emits 95 million tons of CO2 each year, about 3.7 per cent of total     4    . One-third of this comes from the burning of waste plastics.

That has to change, says Marc, one of the world’s leading chemicals and plastics manufacturers. “With a     5     population, we need to find a way to make better use of our resources.” In     6     with the recycling technology company, Mura Technology, it wants to     7     the plastics economy by dramatically increasing the amount of plastic that is recycled while also reducing carbon emissions. The approach will change the way we make plastic.

Today most plastic is made from petrochemicals, using processes     8     by fossil fuels. While a great deal is thrown away, a large proportion of plastics waste can be collected and sent to be     9     recycled. This involves washing, drying and grinding the material, then heating and     10     it into a new product. But at no stage is the chemical structure of the plastic changed. In order to reduce pollution, the plastics manufacturing sector needs technological innovation.

4 . 选择正确的短语填空。

cause global warming, pick up, sharing cars, get stuck in a traffic jam, are addicted to, make excuses, protect the environment, do a lot of harm

Many people often     1     when they go to work. How annoyed and stressful they often feel! But the problem is that the number of cars is still going up. Traffic pollution has been found to       2     and climate change to a large degree.

Too many cars     3     to the environment and our health. Some advice has been given for people to help     4     , for example, using public transport or     5     , doing your shopping in the shop just around the corner instead of driving to the other side of town. However, people       6     using cars. They     7     for using their cars, “I need to     8     my daughter. What can I do?”

5 . 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词填空(每词限用一次)。

situation       However       on       Amazingly       natural

Boyan Slat has one huge goal. It’s a goal that could be good for people and animals all over the world.     1    , it looks like he’s going to meet his goal.

When he was 16. Dutch engineering student Slat was on vacation in Greece, and he started to think about all the rubbish that is pushed onto beaches by water. The oceans around the world are all of plastic—millions of tons of plastic.     2    , plastic doesn’t just disappear. It takes centuries to break down.

The present     3     of the oceans is bad and worrying, and Slat wanted to do something to change it. So he made it a personal goal to clean up the rubbish in the world’s oceans.

Slat started with an idea for an unusual machine to “catch” the plastic floating(漂浮)in the water using the     4     energy of the ocean. He left school in 2013 to begin work     5     his project The Ocean Cleanup. Soon, the project received a lot of attention.

A year later, Slat was named a “Champion of the Earth” by the United Nations for his valuable work.

6 . 阅读下面短文，从以下方框内的韵语或短语中，选出合适的单词或短语，并将其正确形式填入空白处。每个单词或短语只能使用一次，有两个是多余的。

affect       effect       environment       float             negative             extremely produce       recycle       shocking             solution       take action       thick

A Plastic Ocean a film to make you think. Think, and then act. We need to     1     on plastic. We've been     2     plastic in huge quantities since the 1940s. We live in a world full of plastic, and only a small part is     3     . What happens to all the rest? This is the question the film A Plastic Ocean answers. It is a documentary that looks at the impact that plastic waste has on the     4     .

The film begins as a journey to film the largest animal on the planet, the blue whale. But during the journey the filmmakers make the     5     discovery of a huge,     6     layer（层）of plastic floating in the middle of the Indian Ocean. This causes them to travel around the world to look at other areas that have been     7    . We see how marine species are being killed by all the plastic we are dumping in the ocean. The message about our use of plastic is     8     obvious.

But the film doesn't only present the     9     side. In the second half, the filmmakers look at what we can do to reverse the tide of plastic flowing around the world. They present short-term and long-term     10    . These include avoiding plastic containers and * single-use5 plastic products as much as possible.