1 . Connecting with people has become so much easier with advancing technology. Tasks that once required a postage stamp or carrier pigeon are now as simple as tapping a name or even a face on your screen, and you’re connected. But also easier is unconsciously getting caught up in a dilemma by violating certain new rules for communicating. A big one for some: Don’t call until you’ve texted to confirm it’s OK to call. But that’s just the beginning.

“I’m usually pretty mild and not much bothers me,” said Mark Angielle, a 29-year-old office manager from White Plains, New York. But the one thing that he hates more than anything else in life is the terrible one-word message — “K.” “At the very least reply with, Got it.” he said “At least give me a few words here. You’re not that busy.”

There are hundreds, perhaps even thousands, of others who have taken Lo social media to express their distaste for people who don’t follow the unwritten rules of digital communication.

“These rules are simply a new display of a phenomenon we’ve seen in the past,” said James Ivory, professor of communication a Virginia Tech. In the same way that generations and small groups of friends have their own slang and customs, internet culture has given birth to technology-dependent beings that have their own unique set of routine.

But not everyone gets the point. Unlike language, digital communication can be filled with ambiguous clues (线索、迹象) that the person on the other end of the call, text or email may or may not easily understand.

“As soon as people aren’t talking face to face, the first thing that gets lost is some of the richness of the body language,” Ivory said, “People immediately fill that gap by using emoji (表情符号) to sum up a feeling in seconds.

“There's great potential for danger,” Ivory warned. “What's considered polite in one form might be inappropriate or rude in another occasion.”

1. What can you infer about Mark from Paragraph 2?

A．He is a businessman with a bad temper.

B．He complains about social manners.

C．He can’t bear one- word messages.

D．He dislike a busy business life.

2. According to the text, which of the following breaks the rules for communicating?

A．John says “I got it.” to his boss face to face.

B．Jim calls Bill without confirming in advance.

C．Mary texts Lily to make sure if she can call her.

D．Jack sends “Thanks a lot” to his business friends.

3. Why may people misunderstand each other during digital communication?

A．Emoji cannot sum up feelings.

B．People use their own slang and customs.

C．There are large quantities of written rules.

D．People gets wrong messages without clear clues.

4. What are people expected to do after reading tie passage?

A．To obey their own digital communication rules.

B．To be aware of rules during digital communication.

C．To use advancing technology even with disadvantages.

D．To keep pace with digital communication development.

2 . November 11th, also known as the “bare sticks holiday”, and a day originally meant for young people to celebrate being single, has become the world’s largest 24-hour online shopping carnival. Forum (论坛) readers share their opinions.

Blonde Amber (Ireland)

There is nothing to be proud of to be in a country that spends so much online on a particular day. It does nothing more than show the superficiality (肤浅) of the temporary pleasure of shopping, and produces nothing more than a mountain of environmental waste. I bet there is plenty of “buyers’ remorse” after this day.

Vivian (US)

Since it is Singles’ Day, I guess only the single population of China should buy something to relieve social pressure. The married might be excluded (排除) from the festival.

Alex (US)

Singles’ Day was initiated (创始) by a group of college students to celebrate being single, or not having a girlfriend or boyfriend. They think poor guys should buy something on the day to entertain themselves. But Jack Ma got hold of the opportunity, hit the jackpot and successfully made it a yearly shopping spree(狂欢).

George (Canada)

I work in Shanghai. Many of my young female colleagues are still single. They simply haven’t time to date, as they tend to work long hours and travel two hours by subway to get to and from work. Singles’ Day is a day when they spoil themselves with online shopping.

Patrick (Australia)

I don’t care if it is Singles’ Day or a shopping spree. It sounds fair enough to me. Just a click and I can get the best deals I have ever seen delivered to my door, and save money and time.

1. What does the underlined word “remorse” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Surprise.	B．Joy.
C．Regret.	D．Excitement.

2. What’s the best title for the passage?

A．To Buy or Not to Buy?	B．A Global Shopping Spree
C．Jack Ma and the Double Eleven	D．Singles’ Day or Shopping Spree?

3. Where can we most probably find this passage?

A．From a taxtbook.	B．From a poster.
C．From a website.	D．From an advertisement.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There are many reasons     1     college and university students often fail     2    (get) full nights of sleep. Many American students are away from their parents for the first time when they attend college. They might not be used to having total     3    (free) in how they plan their days and nights. Parties, late night study meetings, or just time spent relaxing with friends — these are all things that cut into college students’ sleep habits.

A few years ago, Michael Scullin began teaching     4     science of sleep to psychology students at Baylor University in Waco, Texas. Scullin is an assistant professor at Baylor and the director of its Sleep Neuroscience and Cognition Laboratory. He says his students seemed to enjoy the class and were interested in the material he was teaching. The class     5    (center) round why the body needs to sleep and the physical and mental health problems     6    (cause) by a lack of sleep. This includes difficulty focusing on studies or     7    (control) one’s emotions, and increased risk of many diseases.

The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that adults need at least seven hours of sleep a night to stay     8    (health). Scullin found students who slept more performed     9    (well) in two different classes,     10     he published his findings in two academic publications last November.

4 . Recently, many e-commerce platforms, including Didi Taxi, Ctrip, Fliggy, JD ad Taobao, have been uncovered that they are cheating their frequent customers. Their ways are pretty clever. When there are new users or conservative old users, they will give a quite appealing price to attract them into registering and buying goods. However, their big data is not that friendly to the stable users and frequent visitors. The system always offers them higher price for the same products or service. How does this happen? According to the data analysis, the system knows clearly that although they feel the price is high, they will finally pay the bill. By collecting and analyzing users’ profiles, buying habits and other information, big data recommends the same products to different users with different prices.

Companies also try other ways to make money, making online consumption far more worrying. For example, video websites always offer 120 seconds’ advertisements, which drives people crazy. And even if you pay for the membership to get rid of the ads, you have to “enjoy” 15-second “private” ads. By broadcasting them, companies make huge profits — second to the membership fees. Also, owning 100Mbps network, you still put up with the slow speed when you are downloading a song. You have no choice but to become a VIP when you seek high quality services. Users seem to be lambs(羊羔) among wolves. Even though they say, “Since you have money, I’ll charge you more”, we can’t do anything about it.

It pains us that we haven’t figured out a way to deal with the problem. The only thing we can do is replacing our iPhones with Android phones if we want to buy a membership card, and applying for new accounts if we want cheaper hotels. Not finding a way to fight back, we can’t do anything but accept them passively.

1. How does big data serve companies according to the text?

A．By being kind to all users.

B．By giving a discount to stable users.

C．By attracting new users by analyzing their shopping habits.

D．By recommending the same products with higher prices to regular users.

2. What do we know from the third paragraph?

A．Membership can rid you of all the ads.

B．Only by being a VIP can you get a better service.

C．The slow download speed is due to your poor network.

D．Advertising income is the biggest income for video websites.

3. What is the author’ attitude towards the chances of finding a way to fight back?

A．Uncertain.	B．Casual.
C．Negative.	D．Positive.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A．The big data provides helpful information to users.

B．We have to accept online consumption as it is.

C．There exist many online consumption traps.

D．Regular customers are richer.

5 . Eating is best when it’s a social activity. Think of the meal a family enjoys in the evening when everyone’s together after work or school, or the big get-togethers over food at Spring Festival. But now, in the age of the Internet and social media, anyone with an Internet connection can enjoy a social eating event.

Mukbang—a South Korean phrase meaning “eating broadcast”—is an unusual food fanaticism that’s sweeping the country. This is a meal where only one person gets to eat, while many viewers watch live shows of hosts eating large quantities of food. They leave comments on the dishes the host is taking, and the host responds to them live.

So why have people taken to this unusual new food trend(趋势)? Jeff Yang, an Asian-American cultural critic, thinks that it’s down to “the loneliness of unmarried or uncoupled South Koreans”. He believes that eating on your own can be hard in a country like South Korea, where social eating is such a long tradition. However, Mukbang gives people the feeling that they are part of something larger, it seems.

Millions of people have trouble with food. Either they eat too much of it, or too little. Some say that the popularity of Mukbang helps people with these disorders. Those who always eat too much and put on weight can watch Mukbang live shows to satisfy their appetite (胃口). And those who don’t eat enough can build their appetite by watching delicious food being eaten.

Even though Mukbang is a South Korean phenomenon, it’s also taken off in the US. But unlike South Koreans who sit down to enjoy noodles and kimchi (泡菜), Americans enjoy their own native dishes. This means that viewers of US Mukbang live shows will see locals stuffing themselves with hamburgers, fries and ice cream.

1. The underlined word “fanaticism” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.

A．disappointment

B．enthusiasm

C．dislike

D．imagination

2. According to Jeff Yang, Mukbang is becoming popular in South Korea mainly because ________.

A．people are used to eating alone

B．it’s good for those who have eating disorders

C．it helps to comfort the lonely people

D．it assists people to build their appetite

3. What is the article mainly about?

A．A traditional Korean eating habit.

B．A new food trend from South Korea.

C．How Koreans communicate through eating.

D．How the Internet affects the way we eat.

6 . Have you ever wondered how the trainers at Sea World get the 19,000-pound whale to jump 22 feet out of water and perform tricks? They get that whale to go over a rope farther out of the water than most of us can imagine.     1    .

So how do the trainers at Sea World do it? The first thing they do is reinforce(强化) the behavior that they want repeated --- in this case, to get the whale to go over the rope.    2    , in a position where the whale can’t help but do what’s expected of it. Every time the whale goes over the rope, it’s given positive reinforcement and gets fed with fish. But what happened when the whale goes under the rope? Nothing — no criticism, no warning and no feedback.     3    .

Positive reinforcement is the key of that simple principle that produces such splendid results. And as the whale begins to go over the rope more often than under, the trainers begin to raise the rope. It must be raised slowly enough so that the whale doesn’t starve.

    4    . Make a big deal out of the good and little stuff that we want consistently. Secondly, under-criticize. People know they need help when they mess up.     5    , people will not forget the event and usually will not repeat it.

So we need to set up the circumstances so that people can’t fail. Over-celebrate, under-criticize…and know how far to raise the rope.

A．This is a great challenge

B．And the whale stays right where it is

C．If we figure out a way to motivate the whale

D．They start with the rope below the surface of the water

E．If we under-criticize, punish and discipline less than expected

F．Whales are taught that their negative behavior won’t be acknowledged

G．The simple lesson to be learned from the whale trainers is to over-celebrate

7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese     1    (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners     2     come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap     3     can be to eat out. I still remember     4     (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I     5    (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.

While regularly eating out seems to     6    (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be     7    (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even     8     (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in     9    (weigh) problems.

If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home     10     dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.

8 . We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.

What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.

Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t

even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂

In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂

Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂ he says.

1. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?

A．Addiction to smartphones.

B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places.

C．Absence of communication between strangers.

D．Impatience with slow service.

2. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?

A．Showing good manners.	B．Relating to other people.
C．Focusing on a topic.	D．Making business deals.

3. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?

A．It improves family relationships.	B．It raises people’s confidence.
C．It matters as much as a formal talk.	D．It makes people feel good.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Conversation Counts	B．Ways of Making Small Talk
C．Benefits of Small Talk	D．Uncomfortable Silence

9 . 当今，家长开车接送孩子上学的现象很是普遍。假如你是李华。上周五，你们班就该现象进行了激烈的讨论。请根据下列表格中提示的内容用英语写一篇短文，为《中学生英语报》投稿。

赞成方	1.节省时间，孩子可以有足够的睡眠时间； 2.可以舒适地吃早餐； 3.有利于孩子的安全； 4.增加家长与孩子的交流。
反对方	1.造成交通堵塞； 2.增加家长负担； 3.孩子容易养成过分依赖家长，从长远看，不利于孩子的成长。
你的观点	……

注意：
1.字数：110左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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10 . James Gross, a psychology professor at Stanford University, has a 13-year-old daughter who loves math and science. “It hasn’t occurred to her yet that’s unusual,” he says. “But I know in the next couple of years, it will.”

She’s already being pulled out of class to do advanced things with a couple of other kids, who are guys. And as someone who studies human emotion for a procession, Gross says, “I know as time goes on, she will feel increasingly lonely as a girl who’s interested in math and science, and be at risk of narrowing her choices in life before finding out how far she could have gone.’’

Gross’ concern clearly shows what has been a touchy subject in the world of science for a long time: Why are there still so few women in science, and how might that affect what we learn from research?

Women now make up half the national workforce, earn more college and graduate degrees than men, and by some estimates represent the largest single economic force in the world. Yet the gender gap in science persists, to a greater degree than in other professions, particularly in high-end, math-intensive fields such as computer science and engineering.

According to US Census Bureau statistics, women in fields commonly referred to as STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) made up 7 percent of that workforce in 1970, a figure that had jumped to 23 percent by 1990. But the rise essentially stopped there. Two decades later, in 2011, women made up 26 percent of the science workforce.

1. According to James Gross, in the near future his daughter may       .

A．become a great scientist

B．feel lonely and have fewer choices

C．be pulled out of class with some guys

D．learn math and science better and better

2. We can learn from the text that       .

A．women are cleverer than men in college

B．men represent the largest single economic force

C．women make up more than 50% of the national workforce

D．the number of women graduating from college is larger than that of men

3. How does the author develop the last paragraph?

A．By providing examples.

B．By making comments.

C．By following time order.

D．By explaining the process.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A．Why It Is Important to Get More Women Into Science

B．James Gross, Confusion About His daughter

C．Situation of Women in the Whole Country

D．Future of women in the Workforce