1 . We know that bully (欺凌) happens a lot and that it can make people feel miserable. And school violence happens all the time.

    1    

Bully is where a person or a group exercise control over another against their will, often leaving the victim feeling powerless and alone. Bullying can take many forms. Children, young people and adults can instigate bullying and be bullied in schools. Bullying is harmful to all involved, not just the person who is bullied, but to those who do the bullying and those who stand by. It can lead to self-doubt, lack of confidence, low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, self-harm and sometimes even suicide. Children might bully because they may not have been taught that it is wrong to bully.     2     They are copying older brothers and sisters, friends or people they observe. They don’t know of more appropriate ways of mixing with their school friends.

How does bullying affect people?

New research has found that more than half of young people in the UK have been bullied. Of those who have been bullied, 58 % said it made them want to miss school, 44 % said it made them avoid social events, and 37 % said it had affected their school work.     3     Racism is when people are treated badly because of their skin colour, culture or nationality. Around 32 % of students said that they had heard something racist at school.

What can I do to help?

    4     If someone you know is being bullied it is important to tell a teacher. You could also talk to your parents or an adult whom you trust. If the person doing the bullying is some-one you know, you could talk to them and explain what they’ re doing is wrong. It’s important to support the person being bullied.     5    

A．What is bullying?

B．What is cyberbullying?

C．They may think that it is just a bit of fun.

D．You should tell them that they're not alone.

E．There's no shame or harm in being different.

F．The study also found a big problem with racism.

G．There are many things you can do to fight against bullying at school.

2 . Less than a quarter of families in Britain sit down for a “screen-free” dinner together every day away from TVs, phones and devices(设备), according to a research. The research was carried out to mark the launch of Vodafone Pro Broadband with Alexa, featuring a unique “Dinnertime” function which allows families to have 30 minutes of digital downtime.

A study of 1,600 parents, with at least one child at home, found six in ten admit getting children to switch off their devices is the biggest cause of disagreements in their household, leading to an average of two quarrels a day. The research also found it takes almost ten minutes for a child to switch off their devices after being asked.

Almost all parents feel having a break from technology is important for family relationships. And 86 percent think dinner time is an important part of the day for spending quality time together. However, despite this, 93 percent of parents believe technology is important for a child’s development, with 98 percent using digital devices to aid their learning.

Dr. Anna Colton, clinical child psychologist, commented, “Technology plays a huge part in all of our lives, and improves our work, learning and leisure.” She added, “However, it is vital to take time away from our screen and connect with family and friends face to face, particularly at mealtimes—both for oursetves and for our relationships with loved ones, to develop relationships.”

Max Taylor, consumer director at Vodafone UK, said, “30 minutes is the proper amount of time for families to reconnect with one another away from screens, because it’s long enough to have meaningful conversations, a meal or play a game—but not so long that it feels worrying or stressful.”

1. Why do children often quarrel with their parents according to the text?

A．They are unwilling to help with housework.	B．They are urged to turn off digital devices.
C．They are late for dinner with their parents.	D．They are stressed with too much homework.

2. What message does Dr. Colton mainly want to convey?

A．Technology enables families to spend quality time.

B．Screen time is of importance to children’s learning.

C．Face-to-face communication helps build good relationships.

D．30 minutes is a proper time for mealtime communication.

3. How does the author present the research findings?

A．By providing some data	B．By giving some examples.
C．By making a comparison.	D．By analyzing the cause

4. Where can the text be found?

A．A textbook.

B．A science report.

C．A fashion magazine.

D．A travel brochure.

3 . Happiness is not a warm phone, according to a new study exploring the link between young life satisfaction and screen time. The study was led by professor of psychology Jean M. Twenge at San Diego State University (SDSU).

To research this link, Twenge, along with colleagues Gabrielle Martin at SDSU and W. Keith Campbell at the University of Georgia, dealt with data from the Monitoring the Future (MtF) study, a nationally representative survey of more than a million U. S. 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-graders. The survey asked students questions about how often they spent time on their Phones, tablets and computers, as well as questions about their face-to-face social interactions and their overall happiness.

On average found that teens who spent more time in front of screen devices — playing computer games, using social media, texting and video chatting — were less happy than those who invested more time in non-screen activities like sports, reading newspapers and magazines, and face-to-face social interactions.

"The key to digital media use and happiness is limited use," Twenge said. "Aim to spend no more than two hours a day on digital media, and try to increase the amount of time you spend seeing friends face-to-face and exercising — two activities reliably linked to greater happiness."

Looking at historical trends from the same age groups since the 1990s, it's easy to find that the increase of screen devices over time happened at the same time as a general drop-off in reported happiness in U. S. teens. Specifically, young peopled life satisfaction and happiness declined sharply after 2012. That's the year when the percentage of Americans who owned a smartphone rose above 50 percent. By far the largest change in teens' lives between 2012 and 2016 was the increase in the amount of time they spent on digital media, and the following decline in in-person social activities and sleep.

1. Which method did Twenge's team use for the study?

A．Calculating students' happiness.

B．Asking students certain questions.

C．Analyzing data from a survey.

D．Doing experiments on screen time.

2. How does the author develop the finding of the study in paragraph 3?

A．By making a comparison.

B．By giving an example.

C．By making an argument.

D．By introducing a concept.

3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?

A．To draw a conclusion from the study.

B．To offer some advice to the readers.

C．To prove social activities' importance.

D．To support the researchers' finding.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Quitting Phones Equals Happiness

B．Screen Time Should Be Banned

C．Teens' Lives Have Changed Sharply

D．Screen-addicted Teens Are Unhappier