1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

It’s reported that about 10% of the global population do not have clean water. The water crisis has serious effects on people’s health, education, and     1     (finance) situation and on the stability of their community.

Water     2     (use) to keep clean and keeping clean is the key to good health. For example, a simple cut to a child’s leg can be treated by washing it, to avoid infections.     3     clean water, that simple cut can become a serious medical condition.

Children who spend a lot of time collecting water are less likely     4     (attend) full time education. Chances are that those students aren’t able to study to the level     5     (require) to go to college or university. The problem is     6     (particular) bad for girls, who tend to be the family’s members     7     (walk) a long way to collect water.

Low standards of education make     8     much more difficult for people to get jobs that are both well-paid and safe. If there is no money from     9     (employ), it’s difficult for communities to develop their water supply and sanitation (卫生).

Water is often a source of argument and even wars. The stability of a whole region or even a country can be in danger because of a shortage of clean water. To decrease the influence of the water crisis, the United Nations has a Sustainable Development Goal     10     specifically refers to water and sanitation.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Putting down the mobile phone, talking about negative feelings with friends or seeking professional advice are some of the methods to help tackle depression and     1     (anxious) during the COVID-19 outbreak, experts said.

    2     the virus continues to circulate and lockdowns trigger mental stress, experts have also called for greater investment in mental health services nationwide.

The World Health Organization said in March that the prevalence of depression around the world     3     (increase) by 25 percent in the first year of the pandemic.

Lu Lin, an academician with the Chinese Academy of Sciences and president of the Peking University Sixth Hospital, said at     4     conference this month that China is no exception to the     5     (globe) trend.

From March 2020 to March 2021, the prevalence of depression and insomnia(失眠)in China had risen and repeated COVID outbreaks, quarantine requirements and the high risk of exposure     6     the virus could all contribute to     7     (worsen) people’s mental condition, according to data shared by Lu during the event.

In an interview with People’s Daily, Lu said that some misinformation circulated online during the epidemic     8     (magnify) people’s sense of panic.

The public should pay closer attention to information released by authoritative outlets, he suggested. People should also reduce the amount of time     9    they spend in front of screens and instead chat with friends or family, listen to music or exercise to relax     10     (they).

4 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Stop Asian Hate

During the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, New York City saw a sharp increase in harassment and violence against Asian people and communities, especially Asian elders. Discrimination on the basis of race, national origin, age, and disability, including having or     1     (perceive) to be exposed to COVID-19, is illegal under the Human Rights Law.    2    the start of the pandemic, there has been a significant, troubling increase in anti-Asian hate crimes and bias incidents. These have been verbal attacks, physical and even things like the tragic shooting of eight Asian-American spa technicians in Atlanta, Georgia. Beginning in February of 2020, we received a sevenfold increase in reports of anti-Asian harassment, discrimination, and violence. It is crucial to note that hate crimes and bias incidents have been found to be vastly under-reported     3    these numbers reflect just a fraction.

We all want to live in a world that is free from prejudice and    4    everyone has the right to be proud of who they are. Unfortunately, this is a pretty tough ask. We’ve joined forces with other establishments to bring you some resources of the movement of Stop Asian Hate,     5    the aim is to an end to the rising tide of racism against east and south east asian (ESEA) people.

Since the pandemic, something has been made nasty in the media by comments from Donald Trump calling it “the China virus”, and ESEA people all over the world have found that their lives have been turned upside down. In the wake of the tragic deaths in the US and several studies     6    (reveal) the real increase of racism against this minority, the Stop Asian Hate movement started a conversation about what is going on. You can find out all about it on this website, and get resources and support to help you if you are dealing with the impacts     7    racism.

Working towards a world where no racism exists is always important to us, and will always be something     8    need to strive towards. The thing is, a lot of conversations around racism fail to distinguish between the multiple groups of people who are affected, and the issues     9     (face) by ESEA people will be completely different to other people of colour.

    10    the growth of attacks and hate crimes still on the rise, we want to give you the tools to be able to understand the value and necessity of our voice, and how to stand up and fight back.

5 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Have you heard of community fridges? These are spaces     1     locals can share food with one another and save fresh food     2     going to waste. The Community Fridge Network     3    (connect) 300 community fridges across the UK. It offers guidance to people     4     (look) to set up their own fridges, and support to groups running fridges. The fridges are open to everyone. Of course, there are some rules for what can and cannot     5    (share) in order to keep things safe. But otherwise, you’re welcome     6     (take) what you need, and leave anything that might otherwise end up in the waste bin.

According to     7     survey by the Food Foundation, in April 2022, 15. 5 percent of UK households were food insecure, meaning that they ate     8     (little) than normal or went a day without food because they could not access     9     afford food.

The benefit of community fridges has never been clearer. In difficult times, with pretty much all costs increasing greatly, it is reassuring to know that     10    (community) are coming together and helping each other as much as they can.

6 . 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2020 Singles’ Day (Nov 11), the     1    (large) onlineshopping spree (狂欢) in China, saw a new high of about 675 millionpackages delivered. Yet the huge amounts of packaging waste    2    (produce) by the delivery services have raised concerns over environmental effect.

It’s estimated (估计) that more than 9 million tons of paper waste    3    about 1.8 million tons of plastic waste are produced bythe delivery sector every year.

According     4    a new survey which rates the performanceof China’s nine major delivery companies in green delivery packaging, nearly 70 percent of people     5    are involved in the survey said they had never used or received reusable packaging.

Using reusable packaging     6    (be) an important way to cut packaging waste from the source, but only four out of the nine companies surveyed have taken     7    (act) to put recyclable boxes into use.

In terms of the types of packaging recycled, the delivery companies    8    (main) recycle paper boxes but plastic packaging hasnot been included in their recycling programs.

In June, the State Post Bureau released a guideline     9    (manage) green packaging. The guideline calls for     10    (use) reusable and lighter materials. It also urges companies to set uprecycling bins at delivery stations for wrapping.

7 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

“Hong Kong’s     1     (big) achievement in the past 25 years lies in keeping     2     (maintain) its separate legal, judicial (司法的),economic, financial     3     (system) and lifestyle,” said Regina Ip Lau Suk-yee, the member of the Executive Council and Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in an exclusive interview with China Daily.

Ip said, “     4     Hong Kong was in trouble, our motherland has always come to our rescue. I think we have to continue telling the truth, telling the real story about Hong Kong and our mother-land.”

Speaking     5     Hong Kong’s future development, Ip said after Hong Kong’s industries migrated to north of the boundary, job opportunities for young people have narrowed     6     (considerable ). But thanks to the nation’s five-year plans, Ip said Hong Kong looks forward to     7     ( rebuild) as .an international research and development, technology and manufacturing center in the next few years.

Ip said she thinks the new chief executive is in     8     good position to restructure the economy, lead the government to rebuild harmony and take the city forward. “I’ m sure he     9     (focus) on speeding up resolving our land and housing     10     (short ) through the Northern Metropolis development,” Ip said.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The demand for Chinese as a foreign language is growing fast, both in English-speaking countries like USA     1     in other countries like France. The number of the students studying Chinese     2     (increase) in recent years.

There     3     (be) a number of reasons for the interest. As China develops economically, opportunities for     4     (do) business increase dramatically. If you know your partner’s language, your chances of success increase. But there is also a renewed interest in the culture and traditions of China. In fact, the Chinese culture for over 5,000 years is     5     source of curiosity and fascination for people in other parts of the world.

A third reason is     6     learning Chinese is simply a challenge. With     7     (it)characters and complicated tone system,most speakers of other languages think Chinese must be incredibly difficult. But is it     8     (real) so? As one American student says, “One of the     9     (big) problems about learning Chinese is often fear-sometimes     10     (cause) by the teachers. I’ve studied quite a few languages, and none of them are as easy for me as Chinese.

10 . 语法填空

Will you eat everything in your lunch box today? If not, will you save it for another time or just throw it away?

A recent study     1     (find) that 17% of all the food     2     (produce) around the world gets wasted each year,     3     reaches about 931 million tons. Believe it     4     not, 61% of the waste happens in our houses!

Food waste in homes     5     (happen) in rich countries like the US and the UK as well as in poor countries for different reasons.

Cultural habits could also lead to waste at home,       6     (include) massive packaging and “buy one, get one free” deals. ‘Use by’ or ‘best by’ dates       7     products could also cause people to throw away food. People could throw out food because they think it is     8     (safe) to eat, when in fact the date only shows when quality might go down.

Food was     9     (much) valued even in richer countries just a few generations ago, because people often couldn’t afford to waste it.     10     (throw) away food is for sure a great waste and we should try to make people know the importance of saving food.