1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The average cost of raising a child until the age of 18 was 485,000 yuan in China in 2019,     1     is higher than many countries including the US, France, Germany and Japan.     2     (compare) with 13 other countries in Europe, Asia and America, China ranked the second among all these countries in expense of raising a child to the age of 18. The report said that is one of the main factors preventing couples from considering     3     (have) a child. Experts warn China’s aging population will put pressure     4     the health and social security systems. The decreasing birth rate will     5     (deep) affect China’s economic growth potential and     6     (it) welfare problems.

New policies in 2021 encourage families to have up to three children,     7     China’s birth rate dropped to 7.52 births per 1, 000 people in the same year. That is the lowest since the National Bureau of Statistics began recording the information in 1949.

Three major     8     (measure) — cash rewards, housing subsidies (补贴) and baby care centers     9     (expect) to improve China’s birthrate. Some areas have been giving couples money for having     10     second or third child.

2 . 语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A recent survey by China Youth Daily found that 60 percent of respondents spend a daily average of more than an hour     1     (watch) short videos, with 11 percent spending three hours or more on     2     (they). Of the 2,017 total respondents, 74.2 percent said     3     (reason) time management is necessary     4     (avoid) excessive viewing of short videos.

Short videos can be addictive     5     social media platforms keep recommending relevant content once a video ends, said Yang Binyan,     6     is a researcher with the Institute of Journalism and Communication Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. She     7     (add) that short videos, often showing fragments from day-to-day life, can induce (诱导) a feeling of social connectedness in viewers.

    8     total of 73.7 percent of those surveyed said netizens (网虫) should take part in more offline     9     (activity), including outdoor ones, to avoid overindulgence in short videos, while 50.8% suggest such platforms set up an anti-addiction system.

The number of China’s online short video users reached 873 million by the end of 2020, making     10     88 percent of total internet users.

4 . Directions: After reading the following passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Martin Seligman is leading the research on what might be called a happiness revolution in psychology. Since World War Two, psychologists have focused on fixing     1     is broken--repairing psychosis (精神病) and neurosis (精神衰落). Research     2    (pile) up steadily when it comes to looking at patients who are neurotic, while the happy or joyful people among us have received little scientific examination.

When Seligman did a research to find academic articles about “positive psychology”, he found only 800 out 70,000. “Psychologists tend     3    (concern) with taking a negative 8 person, and helping him to get negative 2,” said Seligman, a psychology professor at the University of Pennsylvania. “My aim is to take a plus 2 person and boost him to a plus 6.”

In the last 50 years, statistics have shown that we are     4     (happy) as a people. “Though our quality of life has increased dramatically over that time, and we’ve become richer, we’re in an epidemic of depression,” Seligman said. “Depression is ten times more common now, and life satisfaction rates are down as well.” Seligman argues that the new science he writes about is shifting psychology’s model away from its narrowed focus on mental illness towards positive emotion, virtue and strength, which increase people’s happiness. In his new book, Authentic Happiness, Seligman argues that overall lifetime happiness is not the result of good genes, money, or even luck. Instead, he says we can increase our own happiness by making use of strengths and virtues that we already have, including kindness, originality, humor, optimism and generosity. He has named the field “positive psychology”, arguing that we would be better off building on our own strengths     5     mourning, and, hence, trying to repair, our weakness. By frequently calling upon their strengths, people can build up natural barriers against misfortune and negative emotions, he said.

Science has shown that there are several distinct roads to     6    (be) a happy person-- though happiness might not mean what you think it does. Material goods--even simple stimulating ones like ice cream, and massages-- are things which will only be able to temporarily boost your mood.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

New research shows that the average cost of raising a child to the age of 18 in China in 2021 was 485,000 yuan for a first child,     1     is far more than     2     in the United States and Japan. The high cost of child-raising is one more     3     (difficult) Chinese policymakers face while     4     (deal) with rapidly decreasing birth rates. Experts warn China’s aging population will put pressure     5     its health and social security systems. A decrease in workers could also     6     (severe) limit growth for the world’s second-largest economy in the coming years.

New policies permit     7     (family) to have as many as three children. But China`s birth rate dropped to 7.52 births per 1,000 people in 2021. That is the     8     (low) since the National Bureau of Statistics` began recording the information in 1949. The high costs of raising a child     9     (cause) officials in China to place restrictions on the private tutoring industry in the last few years. Some areas have been giving couples money for having     10     second or third child.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The 2022 Shanghai Book Fair took place at the Shanghai Exhibition Center from Nov. 18 to 22, when about 120 publishers presented more than 20,000 books    1    about 100 reading activities were held.

The book fair has taken place annually since    2    (it) launch in 2004, except for 2021, when the event    3    (cancel) because of COVID-19.

“People tell me that every year when the Shanghai Book Fair opens, they feel as if they are hearing alarm clocks ringing, reminding them about the    4    (important) and benefits of reading,” says Xu Jiong, head of the municipal bureau for press and publication.

The annual celebration of reading has become the most    5    (excite) event for publishers and readers. As a result    6    COVID-19, many events have been held online, but face-to-face communication has been irreplaceable, Xu adds.

Kan Ninghui, president of the Shanghai Century Publishing Group, says although this year’s book fair was smaller,    7    ( compare)with the one held in 2020, the event, the core value of    8    is promoting good books and quality publication, attracted many relevant people at home and abroad,

Kan says he was happy    9    (see) publishers and video bloggers live-streaming(网络直播) almost all the events during the 2022 fair. “Such interaction between online events and on-site participation has    10    (large) expanded the space of the Shanghai Book Fair,” he says.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

New Oriental (新东方) Education began to explore livestreaming business last December when the company launched livestreaming room Oriental Selection on Douyin, mainly     1    (sell) agricultural products.

It became     2     Internet hit for its two—language online sales. English teachers switched     3    hosts, headed by Dong Yuhui,     4     would chat about life, poetry and philosophy, and even recite some lines of Shakespeare’s poems while introducing the goods. Their wide knowledge reserve has gained more and more followers , many     5    (call) them the “top ceiling” of live—streamers.

A Beijing resident surnamed Zhao who bought a book of ancient poems from Oriental Selection has found such two—language livestreaming     6     (true) educational. “I think the hosts are knowledgeable. This makes them stand out from ordinary hosts who just promote    7    (they) goods,” Zhao told the Global Times on Tuesday.

On Saturday, it     8     (report) that the number of viewers at Oriental Selection reached 12 million, and the GMV on that day was 21 million yuan, making it the 6th most cash—earning broadcast room on Douyin. Meanwhile, the     9    (popular)of the two—language live—broadcast course was reflected by the outstanding performance on the capital market. New Oriental Education’s Hong Kong listed stock Koolearn Technology Holding shot up 100 percent in prices during trading on Monday to delete all losses since July 2021 due to stricter regulation of private training     10     (company).