1 . In the last 50 years the media influence has grown increasingly with the advance of technology. First there was the telegraph, then the radio, the newspaper, magazines, the television and now the Internet.
We live in a society that depends on information and communication to keep moving in the right direction and do our daily activities like work, entertainment, health care, education, personal relationships, traveling and anything else that we have to do.
In our daily life, we rely on the media to get the current news and facts about what is important and what we should be aware of. We have put our trust on the media as an authority to give us news, entertainment and education. However, the influence of mass media on our kids, teenagers and society is so big that we should know how it really works.
Of all the media distribution channels the most influential has been the television. We are constantly exposed to thousands of images of violence, advertising, sex, celebrities and much more, in fact a child may be exposed to about 40,000 ads a year.
But who owns the media, which are the companies or people that shape our values, beliefs and decisions? In America, the media is basically dominated by five major companies. Those five companies own 95% of all the media that we get every day. They own the major entertainment theme parks, entertainment movie studios, television and radio broadcast networks and programming, video news and sports entertainment. They also own integrated telecommunications, wireless phones, video games softwares, electronic media, the music industry and more.
Years ago there was more diversity in companies, but they have been combined so now they are just a few and they have the power to shape our opinions and beliefs and those of our kids. So it’s important to be aware of what your kids are exposed to every day and you should also try to look at things from different perspectives and not just from the one the media gives you.
1. What does the underlined word “dominated” probably mean?A.Invested. | B.Controlled. | C.Played. | D.Sold. |
A.Newspaper. | B.Telegraph. | C.Radio. | D.TV. |
A.We will know nothing about the outside world. |
B.We’ll know more about what our kids are exposed to. |
C.Our opinions and beliefs will be easily shaped. |
D.A lot of money will be saved and spent on other projects. |
A.Mass media influence |
B.The concept of mass media |
C.What are we exposed to? |
D.How does the media harm the public? |
2 . Feeling controlled by your to-do list can certainly make you unhappy, but new research suggests that more free time might not be the magic elixir (灵丹妙药) many of us dream it could be.
In a new study shown last week, researchers analyzed data from two major surveys about how Americans spend their time. Together, the surveys included more than 35,000 respondents (受访者). The researchers found that people with more free time generally had higher levels of subjective well-being—but only up to a point.
People who had up to two hours of free time a day generally reported they felt better than those who’d had less time. But people who had five or more hours of free time a day generally said they felt worse.
So finally the free-time “sweet spot” might be two to three hours per day, the findings suggest. “While too little time is bad, having more time is not always better,” said Marissa Sharif, lead author of the paper.
Of course, most people know that being too busy can cause stress. But the new study is not the first to question whether more free time will actually make people as happy as they believe it will. Part of “sweet spot” has to do with how people spend the free time. Researchers conducted several smaller online experiments. In one they asked participants to imagine having 3.5 to 7 free hours per day. They were asked to imagine spending that time doing “productive” things (like exercising) or to imagine doing “unproductive” activities (like watching TV).
Study participants believed their well-being would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day—but only if they used it unproductively. Though that experiment was hypothetical (假设的), which is one limitation of the new research, it’s certainly in line with other research showing that being in a state of “flow” can be good for people’s mental health.
In other words, how people use their free time matters, Sharif said. Of course, what feels “productive” is up to you.
1. What can we know about the new study?A.It included many American respondents. | B.It surveyed people from different countries. |
C.It found that more spare time was better. | D.It’s the first to question the importance of free-time. |
A.Less than 2 hours. | B.About 3.5 hours. | C.About 2 to 3 hours. | D.More than 7 hours. |
A.The experiment included unproductive activities. |
B.The experiment wasn’t in line with other researches. |
C.The experiment didn’t include enough participants. |
D.The experiment was not based on adequate evidence. |
A.Being productive is an important matter. |
B.The way people spend their spare time makes a difference. |
C.Being in a state of “free” can be good for people’s mental health. |
D.More free time will actually make people as happy as they believe. |
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
With the development of technology, more and more students prefers to use electronic products for taking notes and sending messages, rather than writing on the paper.Besides, our handwriting is not as well as it was in the past.Facing with the problem, we should do as follows:
First, we should reduce the use of electronic products while learning, in that case we can have more opportunities improve our handwriting.Also, we must form a habit of practising calligraphy every day. What’s more, it is better to write letter to our relatives and friends by hand instead of sending e-mails.
Beautiful and neat handwriting is of great beneficial to us students. So let’s take action right now! I’m sure our efforts will pay off!
4 . We seem to find out someone broke into a big company’s databases and left with millions of credit card numbers, passwords or other valuable information. Now a new kind of worry: someone could seize control of your wireless home network and steal your information from under your nose.
That’s the possibility raised by a couple of cyber security researchers from the Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium. The problem, they say, is a weakness in the very protocol meant to make wi-fi secure. That protocol is called Wi-Fi Protected Access II, WPA2. And WPA2’s weakness could allow an attacker within physical range of your wi-fi network to make a copy of that network that they could then control. The researchers call their approach a key reinstallation attack, or KRACK.
It’s important to know that a KRACK attack remains a possibility for now. The scientists realized the threat while investigating wireless security. They’ll present this research on November 1st at the Computer and Communications Security (CCS) conference in Dallas and in December at the Black Hat Europe conference in London.
In their KRACK assumption, wireless devices would be fooled into connecting to the false network. And the attacker would be able to access all of the information that devices send and receive while connected to that network — even if that information has been coded. Android and Linux would be especially easy to attack because of how their encryption keys (密钥) are set.
One measure of protection against such an attack would be to make sure they you’ve installed the most up-to-date versions of your apps, browsers and wireless router software. Updated software is most likely to include the security patches (补丁) needed to avoid falling victim to a KRACK attack, because chances are that KRACK won’t remain simply a proof-of-concept for long.
1. How can the attacker take advantage of the WPA 2’s weakness?A.By installing a key. | B.By approaching physical range. |
C.By copying and controlling the network. | D.By controlling the Internet users. |
A.The false network contributes little to such attack. |
B.If coded, the information will be free from danger. |
C.Android is easy to attack for lack of encryption keys. |
D.All of the information might be accessible to the attacker. |
A.Purchase the best-quality apps. | B.Install the latest relevant software. |
C.Ignore the patches of the computers. | D.Keep the proof of KRACK long. |
A.Sci-Tech Front. | B.Current Affairs. |
C.Global Celebrities. | D.Financial Window. |
5 . My elephant adventures began in 1984 when, with our one-year-old daughter, my husband and I crossed the jungle in a jeep, sticking behind a lorry for comfort and company. The elephants standing like watchers on either side of the forest highway had us praying for our safety. One elephant made loud noise and angrily pawed the ground, warning us off. We raced away before they could attack.
It was wise to keep elephants at a distance. We heard stories of tourists whose jeeps were overturned, and a couple of photographers were killed because they moved too close. Elephants are misleading animals. They give people an impression of being quiet and kind, so tourists think it’s safe to picnic in the jungle. Yet angry elephants have knocked them down in seconds before they could take off.
Elephants might make life unpredictable and dangerous. It’s difficult for inexperienced environmentalists to even, begin to grasp this reality. I’ve heard city people say “We humans are encroaching (侵害) on their forests.” But what’s the solution?
When a poor farmer borrows heavily to plant a crop, he’ll do anything to protect it. His life depends on it. Elephants ruining an about-to-be-harvested corn field cannot expect to be welcomed like special guests. The battle between beasts and farmers is violent.
Experts are working on solutions to human-elephant conflicts. Some are sure to fail to like the plan to build electric fences around human settlements. Elephants rapidly figure them out and come in, around and over them.
There are more questions than answers, for sure. But as my husband said, “More people die in car accidents every single day, in every city on the earth. But they won’t take cars off the roads, will they?” So we need to seek practical ways of preventing elephant accidents.
1. How did the author feel when she saw elephants standing on either side of the forest highway?A.Excited. | B.Frightened. |
C.Sacred. | D.Sympathetic. |
A.Because they killed the photographers. |
B.Because they overturned vehicles. |
C.Because they don’t look fierce. |
D.Because they often knock down visitors. |
A.Because elephants ruin their crops. |
B.Because they want to hunt elephants. |
C.Because elephants’ ivories are valuable. |
D.Because elephants are encroaching on their forests. |
A.Proper measures should be taken to protect elephants. |
B.It is a good idea to build electric fences around human settlements. |
C.It is impossible to find a solution to settle human-elephant conflicts. |
D.We should first reduce car accidents to prevent elephant accidents. |
Hanfu is one of the traditional types of Chinese clothing. The term “Hanfu”, created in recent years by Internet users,
When people talk about Hanfu, it
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Many
1. 给出理由;
2. 你的建议。
注意: 1. 词数100左右;
2. 短文题目已为你写好。
Why Students Should Learn to Cook
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Lin Congying, Chairman of JOEONE, a Chinese brand focused on men’s trousers created in 1989,
This represented a sharp turnaround of the conventional way of branding, where some Chinese companies tended to design their products with a name sounding the
Recent years have witnessed
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9 . Large numbers of employees in the United Kingdom will begin a four-day work week from Monday without cutting their pay in the largest trial of its kind. The pilot, which will last for six months, involves 3,300 workers spanning 70 companies, ranging from providers of financial services to a fish-and-chip restaurant.
During the program, workers receive 100% of their pay for working only 80% of their usual week, in exchange for promising to maintain 100% of their productivity. The program is being run by not-for-profit 4 Day Week Global, Autonomy, a think tank, and the 4 Day Week UK Campaign in partnership with researchers from Cambridge University, Oxford3 University and Boston College.
Sienna O’Rourke, brand manager at Pressure Drop Brewing, an independent brewery5 in London, told CNN Business that the company’s biggest goal was to improve the mental health and well-being of its employees. “The pandemic has made us think a great deal about work and how people organize their lives,” she said. “We’re doing this to improve the lives of our staff and be part of a progressive change in the world.” Given the company manufactures and ships products, workers have less flexibility about when and where they work, O’Rourke said. But any difficulties in navigating holiday and sick leave would be tackled as a team.
Until now, Iceland had conducted the biggest pilot of a shorter working week between 2015 and 2019, with 2,500 public sector9 workers involved in two large trials. Those trials found no corresponding drop in productivity among participants, and a dramatic increase in employee well-being.
Calls to shorten the working week have gathered steam in recent years in several countries. As millions of employees switched to remote work during the pandemic — cutting onerous commuting time and costs — calls for greater flexibility have only grown louder.
Government-backed trials are set to take place in Spain and Scotland later this year, the 4 Day Week Campaign said in a press release.Joe O’Connor, CEO of 4 Day Week Global, said that the workers have shown they can work “shorter and smarter.”
1. What does the underlined part refer to in paragraph 1?A.The trial to carry out a four-day work week in large scales. |
B.The trial to cut workers’ pay. |
C.The trial to increase workers’ productivity. |
D.The trial to defeat the pandemic. |
A.To allow workers to work more flexibly. |
B.To decrease workers’ time and costs in traffic. |
C.to improve workers’ mental fitness and boost their happiness. |
D.To cut workers’ work hours and pay. |
A.UK | B.Scotland | C.Spain | D.Iceland |
A.culture | B.society | C.politics | D.sports |
10 . Liu Shuqi broke up with her boyfriend two months ago and has now found a new companion.
The handsome “man” is dressed in a white suit with a stylish haircut. He understands her emotions and feelings perfectly and gives her comfort, encouragement and support. “He is very humorous and offers some comfort when I am in a bad mood,” the 26-year-old bank employee said. The only problem is he is a virtual being and not a real boyfriend.
Liu is not alone in her choice of companion. In a digital era where people are heavily reliant on their smart devices, many of those who live alone increasingly turn to the virtual field to seek companions.
The artificial intelligence-powered digital humans, who are similar to real humans in appearance and behavior, are capable of providing 24-hour online companionship, humanlike conversation and emotional support.
They will likely become an essential part of people’s daily lives, industry experts said. Lin Kaikai and Ye Youyou, two companion-oriented virtual beings, were recently launched by Chinese tech giant Baidu Inc. Powered by Baidu’s Plato, an AI model for dialogue generation that is trained on over 10 billion parameters collected from social media conversations in both English and Chinese, the two digital humans have a smooth, more humanlike interaction.
For instance, they can participate in conversations through various forms such as texts, voice and emojis. They offer customized wake-up call services and learn about the preferences of their users, mainly through increased frequency of chats and interactions, Baidu said.
Other tech companies have also jumped on the companion-oriented virtual being trend.
Xiaoice is an AI-powered chatbot that seems to redefine the conceptions of romance and relationships among young Chinese. It has helped to comfort lonely hearts through more than 17 million virtual “girlfriends” and “boyfriends” in China.
“The rise of digital humans that serve as emotional companions is a result of technological innovation, such as the improvement in appearance, functions and interactive experience of digital humans, fueled by the enhanced deep-learning capacities based on massive user data,” said Chen Duan, director of the Digital Economy Integration Innovation Development Center at the Central University of Finance and Economics.
A set of problems though have also emerged. They include ethics, morals, data security and personal privacy protection in the industry, Chen said, while calling for efforts to formulate relevant laws and regulations on the ownership of digital characters and standardizing their behaviors.
1. What is Liu’ new companion like according to Liu Shuqi herself?A.Handsome and stylish | B.Humorous and helpful |
C.Perfect and supportive | D.Clever and understanding |
A.Because virtual companions look very like real humans. |
B.Because virtual companions can offer a whole-day online companionship. |
C.Because these people rely on their digital devices heavily. |
D.Because these people need emotional support very much. |
A.Texts | B.emojis | C.voice | D.eye-contact |
A.Making relative rules and laws. | B.Regularize the behaviors of virtual companions. |
C.Stop producing virtual companions. | D.Both A and B. |