1 . First aid is a crucial aspect of healthcare that can significantly save someone’s life or prevent further injury or illness. Knowing when to use first aid is essential so that proper measures are taken promptly.
Injuries and Accidents
One of the most common instances where first aid is required is in injuries and accidents.
Cardiac Arrest (心脏停跳)
Another critical situation where first aid can make a difference is during a cardiac arrest. A cardiac arrest occurs when the heart stops functioning; immediate intervention is necessary.
Choking and Suffocation (窒息)
Choking and suffocation are emergencies that can occur at any time, and immediate intervention is necessary to prevent further complications. If someone is choking, it is essential to act quickly.
When to use first aid can significantly save someone’s life or prevent further injury or illness.
| A．In any emergency, it is essential to remain calm. |
| B．This can include cuts, burns, falls, sprains, and other unpleasant injuries. |
| C．If someone has taken a poisonous substance, calling emergency services. |
| D．Perform the Heimlich manoeuvre to force out the object causing the obstruction. |
| E．Bleeding and overdose are medical emergencies that require immediate attention. |
| F．This blog post will discuss when to use first aid and the importance of early intervention. |
| G．Blood circulation (血液循环) and oxygen supply to vital organs should be restored immediately. |
2 . As 17-year-old Torri’ell Norwood drove through Florida, last February, the laughter and chatter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached an intersection, another car T-boned them, sending their car sailing into the yard of a nearby home, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.
As smoke rose from the car, a bystander shouted, “It’s about to explode! Get out!” Shaken, but otherwise OK, Norwood crawled out through the window as the driver’s side door couldn’t be opened. Along with two of her friends, who’d also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life. But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Norwood ran back and found Simmons unconscious in the back seat. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. After checking her pulse and found there was no sign of life, she started CPR.
Had the accident happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But just the day before, Norwood, who wanted to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate by learning on her own. Kneeling on the ground and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practice what she’d learned.
She started pumping Simmons’s chest with her interlocked fingers and breathing into her friend’s mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life. After quite a while, Simmons began coughing and taking quick deep breaths for air. The CPR had worked! Soon, the ambulance arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. “I wasn’t shocked,” Simmons told others. “She will always help any way she can.”
1. What caused the car crash?| A．The girls were too excited to notice another car. |
| B．Norwood drove the car too quickly that day. |
| C．Norwood’s car crashed into a tree in a yard. |
| D．Another car hit Norwood’s car near the intersection. |
| A．She crawled out through the window and looked for her friends. |
| B．She ran for her life but turned back to save her friend. |
| C．She dragged her friends out and performed CPR at once. |
| D．She opened the driver’s side door and pulled her friend out. |
| A．She had learned CPR in school classes. | B．She just received her CPR certificate. |
| C．The bystander told her how to do it. | D．She pursued a career in medicine. |
| A．Breath of Life. | B．A Frightening Night. |
| C．Power of Knowledge. | D．An Admirable Girl. |
3 . Fire Capt Kevin Lloyd arrived at the scene of a car accident in West Point, Utah, north of Salt Lake City. A pregnant woman and her screaming 2-year-old daughter were trapped in the car.
While his partner, Allen Hadley, was tending to the driver,Lloyd couldn’t get the frightened girl to calm down. He saw she was holding several bottles of nail polish, and then he had a better idea. He asked her if she wanted to paint his nails. Soon her eyes lit up. At the same time, Hadley showed up to check on the scene.
Lloyd had calmed her down and was in the process of getting his fingers painted. Then Hadley just put his hand in there. The girl began to color his nails pink. By this time, she was not only calm, but she was also happy.
The girl’s mother was not injured. She thanked them for helping her daughter feel better, and they all chuckled, looking at the nails, and took some photos.
The firefighters brought the photos back to the headquarters and showed them around. The department put them up on the social media, and thousands of people responded, with many thanking the firefighters for going out of their way to calm down a frightened girl.
Fire Chief Mark Becraft said he had been surprised at all the attention. He said he was proud of his firefighters, and added that he had known members of the department who had done many things that weren’t part of the job.
After the fact, Lloyd and Hadley had a small matter to tend to: the layers of polish on their nails. They bought a bottle of nail polish remover and used almost all of it.
1. Why was the 2-year-old girl frightened?| A．Her mother was severely injured. |
| B．Her nails were hurt by the bottles. |
| C．She suffered a traffic accident. |
| D．She was scared to see firefighters. |
| A．Hugged. | B．Laughed. | C．Bowed. | D．Sighed. |
| A．Courageous. | B．Generous. | C．Determined. | D．Considerate. |
| A．A Traffic Accident | B．Pink Nails |
| C．A Frightened Girl | D．Two Firefighters |
4 . JIANLI, Hubei Province, June 2 (Xinhua) — A cruise ship carrying more than 450 people sank in the Yangtze River overnight, which could be China’s worst sinking disaster in decades. As of 6 p.m. Tuesday, 14 people had been rescued from the capsized vessel, with five others confirmed dead. The rest are still missing, although rescuers said there could be more survivors. Strong winds and heavy rain are hampering rescue efforts.
The Eastern Star sank in only 15 meters of water “within one or two minutes” of being caught in freak weather in Jianli, according to the ship’s captain and chief engineer who survived the incident. The ship left the eastern Chinese city of Nanjing on May 28 bound for Chongqing Municipality.
The ship was carrying 403 passengers, five tour guides, and 46 crew, rather than the previously reported 47. Most passengers were tourists from Shanghai and its neighboring province of Jiangsu, aged between 3 and 83, with most in their 60s and 70s.
The 76.5-meter-long and 11-meter-wide vessel has been in service for nearly 20 years and can carry up to 534 people. It is owned by Chongqing Dongfang Shipping. Waterway officials said they have no record of the company being involved in any previous sinking incidents.
According to weather forecast, most of the Yangtze basin will be subject to downpours over the next 10 days, with heavy rain expected in the area where the search is underway.
Police, waterway authorities and fire departments have sent more than 150 boats and over 4,000 personnel to the scene. The Chinese Navy has sent diving forces to search for the missing. The team is composed of soldiers from the navy’s fleets in the North Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea, as well as students of the Naval University of Engineering. In addition, five helicopters were dispatched from Beijing and Hubei’s provincial capital of Wuhan on Tuesday morning, along with an IL-76 transport plane.
1. We can infer from the text that ________.| A．the incident was very sudden |
| B．the weather benefited the rescue |
| C．the ship had bad safety records |
| D．the ship’s captain was drowned |
| A．It was overloaded. |
| B．It’s been launched recently. |
| C．It had 454 people on board. |
| D．Its owner met similar incidents. |
| A．How people came to the rescue. |
| B．Why the rescue was quite difficult. |
| C．What the rescue force consisted of. |
| D．How the rescue operation went on. |
| A．inform | B．explain |
| C．describe | D．entertain |
But it’s hardly the first mystery of its kind. Here are some half-solved and unsolved airlinemysteries that kept investigators clueless for years.
Air France Flight 447: An Airbus A330flight fromRio de Janeiro to Paris
Amelia Earhart: Top pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared in her twin-engine monoplane Electra over the Pacific Ocean in 1937 in an attempt to travel around the globe. No sign of her plane was ever found even after a multi-milliondollarsearch effort, and Earhart was officially declared dead in 1939.
Flying Tiger Line Flight 739: A U.S. military flight left Guam in 1962 with more 90 personnel headed for the Philippines, but it never arrived. The pilots never issued a distress call, and 1,300 people involved in the U.S. military search never found any sign of wreckage.
British South American Airways: It took more than 50 years to find any trace of the 11 people aboard a 1947 flightthat disappeared in the Andes Mountains. A pair of Argentineans rock climbers discovered engine wreckage in the Andes in 1998, and an army expedition later found human remains aswell.
Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571: Aflight headed to Santiago, Chile carrying 45 passengers and crew crashed into the Andes Mountains in poor weather in 1972, killing twelve people. In the meantime, eight were killed in an avalanche (雪崩) that hit the plane’s wreckage where they were taking shelter, and the rest stayed alive by eating the flesh of the dead before they were finally found more than two months after disappearing out of the sky.
1. The underlined word “plunged” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.
| A．jumped | B．broke | C．dived | D．flew |
| A．12 people were lost until now. |
| B．25 people were rescued immediately. |
| C．The rest who stayed alive killed 8 people. |
| D．8 were killed by a fall of a large mass of snow down a mountainside. |
| A．The bad weather. | B．Not mentioned. |
| C．The ice crystals. | D．The lightning. |
| A．Earhart was declared dead by the local government two years later. |
| B．The bodies of Flight 447 had all been found after three years. |
| C．Two Argentineans rock climbers discovered the dead in the Andes. |
| D．Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 was regarded as the largest air crash. |
6 . Any car accident is frightening, but an accident in which your vehicle is thrown into the water, with you trapped inside, is absolutely terrifying.
Brace yourself for impact (撞击力). As soon as you're aware that you're going off the road and into a body of water, adopt a brace position. The impact could set off the airbag system in your vehicle, so you should place both hands on the steering wheel in the “ten and two” position.
Undo your seat belt.
Break the window. If you aren’t able to open the window, or it only opens halfway, you’ll need to break it with an object or your foot. It may feel counterintuitive (有悖常理的) to let water into the car.
Escape when the car has equalized. If it has reached the dramatic stage where the car cabin has been filled with water and it has become balanced, you must move quickly and effectively to ensure your survival.
| A．Open the window as soon as you hit the water. |
| B．Surviving a sinking car is not as difficult as you think. |
| C．It takes 60 to 120 seconds for a car to fill up with water usually. |
| D．Such accidents are particularly dangerous due to the risk of drowning. |
| E．In conclusion, if you know what to do in the water, you will be safe. |
| F．This is the first thing to attend to, yet it often gets forgotten in the panic. |
| G．But the sooner the window is open, the sooner you can escape directly through it. |
