1 . As reported in JAMA Surgery, the researchers discovered that e-scooter(电动摩托车) injury rates had increased dramatically in just four years, rising from 6 per 100,000 in the population to 19 per 100,000. Of the estimated 14,651 e-scooter-related injuries in 2018, 4,658, or 32%, involved the head. “While most people recover from head injuries, there is going to be a subset with long-term disability and life changes,” said Dr. Benjamin Breyer.

Dr. Benjamin Breyer of the University of California, Los Angeles, pointed to a 2019 analysis of the data from two hospitals in Southern California, which found just 4.8% of injured e-scooter riders were wearing helmets.

Dr. Joann Elmore, a professor of medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, believed that most e-scooter users are probably unaware of the risks. To make the point, she described a photo taken by a colleague. “There were two riders on an e-scooter,” she said. “No one had shoes on. There were no helmets. And the woman in front had a baby in a baby carrier.”

The new report highlights the need for more research on new technologies, said Dr. Guohua Li, a professor of epidemiology(流行病学).

“Just as there is a global network of experts working on infectious diseases, there needs to be a similar program devoted to the surveillance(监视，监察) and prevention of injuries caused by merging technologies products and lifestyles, such as e-scooters, e-sports, etc.,” Li said in an email.

“The challenge for researchers and policymakers is to keep up with the ever-changing society and protect the public from unnecessary harm caused by new technologies and products without hindering innovation,” he added.

1. What can we know from the passage?

A．E-scooter injury rates had increased due to speeding.

B．32% of injured e-scooter riders weren’t wearing helmets.

C．There is a program devoted to the prevention of injuries caused by advanced technologies.

D．Protection and innovation are of equal importance.

2. What can we infer from Dr. Joann Elmore’s comments?

A．She is an anti-scooter.

B．The woman in front was pregnant.

C．She is concerned about the e-scooter users.

D．Most e-scooter riders often drive at high speed.

3. What does the underlined word “hindering” probably mean?

A．Preventing.	B．Limiting.
C．Developing.	D．Making progress.

4. What’s the author’s main purpose of writing the passage?

A．To arouse people’s awareness of the risks and self-protection.

B．To introduce a new way of transport — e-scooters.

C．To ask people not to ride e-scooters any more.

D．To urge policymakers to make laws as soon as possible.

2 . 假定你是李华，作为交换生正在英国Windmill College 学习。今天早晨你骑车上学时不小心刮擦(scratch)到了一辆停在路边的汽车。由于急着上学，你无法在原地等候车主。请留一张便条，内容包括：
1.       表明身份；
2.       简述事情经过；
3.       道歉并表示愿意赔偿；
4.       联系方式（Tel:5893671 E-mail:lihua@windmillco.org）。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Mamta     1     (wait) at a bus stop when she heard a crash and saw a motorcyclist flying through the air — his helmet was going one way and his motorbike the     2    . She could also see a pedestrian (行人) was knocked down. Mamta just completed her first aid class. As the other pedestrians stood     3     (shock) by the scene, Mamta     4    (immediate) stepped forward and help. The motorcyclist’s head and arm     5     (injure), and he was making noises. So she shouted at him,“Can you breathe?” While he was giving emergency     6     (treat), the confused motorcyclist actually tried to walk for an ambulance. Once the motorcyclist was comfortable, Mamta went on     7     (check) on the injured pedestrian and press her blouse on his     8     (bleed) arm. Before long, official medical help arrived.

Looking back on the incident, Mamta said, “I asked tons of questions all through that day’s course. Little     9     (do) I know that I’d be putting what I learned into practice on my way home. It just shows that even the most basic training can make     10     difference.”

4 . Mount Hood is the highest mountain in Oregon, a state in the western United States. At 3,400 meters it is attractive (有吸引力的) to many people, some of whom, of course, run into trouble. Each year 25 to 50 people have accidents or get lost on Mount Hood and require rescue. Although most of these are understandable accidents, a few result from careless risk-taking.

In one recent case, three experienced climbers went hiking (远足) in the middle of a snowstorm in December. Most hikers climb Mount Hood in May or June when the weather conditions are favorable. But in December, the mountain is covered in snow and ice. Winds up to 135 kilometers per hour blow the snow around making it difficult to see. Temperatures can drop below freezing. As one rescue worker put it, “What were they thinking? They were just asking for it.”

During a rescue a few years ago, a helicopter full of rescue workers crashed (坠毁) and the rescue workers were almost killed. Linda Carle, who lives in the Mount Hood area, asks, “If someone made a poor decision, why should rescue teams have to risk their lives to save them? Why do people take unnecessary risks and do things that aren’t right if they know that they can get into trouble?”

Most of the Mount Hood rescue workers are either volunteers (志愿者) or part of the local sheriff’s department. There is no charge for these rescues. It is the taxpayers (纳税人) who pay the bill. Linda Carle suggests that people who take careless risks and require rescue should be charged for the rescue. She feels it is only fair that costs for things like damaged helicopters and medical care for rescuers be paid for by the people who took the risk. What would you do if you were the local sheriff at Mount Hood?

1. What can we learn about Mount Hood?

A．It lies in the south of the United States.

B．It is the highest mountain in the United States.

C．The best time to climb the mountain is in May or June.

D．Hundreds of people get lost in the mountain every year.

2. What Linda Carle says in the third paragraph shows a feeling of        .

A．peace

B．pride

C．loneliness

D．anger

3. According to Linda Carle, risk-takers should        .

A．pay for all the costs needed	B．learn to save themselves
C．be taxed at a higher rate	D．work as volunteers

4. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to        .

A．ask the government to provide more rescuers

B．introduce Mount Hood to mountain climbers

C．advise climbers to think twice before they act

D．report some serious accidents in Mount Hood

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Disaster struck in the town of Redbrooke late last night when the Palmer Court apartment block that was built recently     1     (catch) fire and was completely destroyed.

It was just after 2:00 am when many of the residents in the building were woken by     2     strange smell of smoke. The firemen arrived with no delay to help to withdraw the residents from the building and deal with the fire.

The fire spread rapidly through the building and the rescue     3     (operate) had to be carried out quickly     4     (save) the forty-three residents inside. Twenty-nine people were taken to Redbrooke General Hospital, suffering from smoke inhalation (吸入) and slight     5     (burn), but it is expected that they will be discharged later today. The     6    (remain) fourteen people were withdrawn with no injuries from the building.

The firemen battled with the fire until 7 o'clock this morning but     7     (be) unable to save the building. The residents will be provided with accommodation     8    (temporary). An investigation is being carried out to determine the cause of the fire. At present,     9     is suspected that the fire happened because the electrical wiring system failed to function normally,     10     would explain why so many flats were affected at the same time.

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Everyone needs to know how to prevent a fire. It is also important to know what to do when it     1    （break）out .

Every year, over 11, 000 people     2    （kill）or injured in house fires. These fires could have been avoided. Smokers who are     3    （care）cause about 200 deaths and over 6,000 fires. More than half of those     4     die in fires are poisoned or harmed by smoke.

If fire happens, do not attempt to fight the fire unless it is small. Try putting out a small fire with water. If     5     fire has spread or if the flames are more than 20 inches high, shut the door on it. Warn everyone else in the building and tell them to get out. You should leave and dial 119for the fire department.

Before     6    （go）into a room, check the door. If the handle or the door is hot, do not open it! Instead, put clothing or a wet towel at the bottom of it to keep smoke out. If the door is not hot, open it     7    （slow）. If there’s a rush of smoke or heat, close it again and shout to warn     8    （other）in side.

Now open the window and shout “Fire!”. See whether you can drop safely to the ground. Use this     9     your escape course if you can. If you are not on ground level, break your fall by pushing a mat out first. Lower yourself at arm’s     10    （long）before dropping. Once outside, stay outside and make sure the fire department is called.

7 . A high-altitude rescue team has set new standards in the Himalayas this season, performing the highest altitude rescue ever completed. On May 19th, a rescue team successfully got a mountaineer from near Camp 3 at 23,000 feet on Everest (珠穆朗玛峰). The climber named Gautam nearly reached the top but became extremely exhausted and seriously dehydrated (脱水的).

After a difficult and dangerous rescue，the team was able to successfully save Gautam’s life.

In an interview with Moro, the pilot of the rescue team, he said, "You have to be prepared, technically, physically,and also mentally (心理上).” He added, “The aim wasn’t to set a record but to save someone’s life. ”

The team has flown rescue tasks using Nepalese helicopters (直升飞机) for two years but had the idea to create a team with its own helicopter, which has been able to complete this season. The entire operation is privately financed，and according to Moro, “doesn’t cost the Italian or Nepalese tax-payer a single cent.” Moro also flies tasks for the local population for “free or at extremely reduced prices”.

Moro sees potential (潜力) for the increasing number of high altitude Himalayan rescue operations. In the future, he hopes to see more than one team , as well as a specialised team of climbers that would be able to perform rescues at altitudes and in weather condition that are impossible for helicopters.

1. What can we infer about Gautam?

A．He is a lover for mountaineering.

B．He lost his life on Himalayas.

C．He ever reached the mountain top once.

D．He is a leader of a rescue team.

2. What is Mono like?

A．He can operate the helicopter technically,

B．He is generous and helpful to people.

C．He makes good preparations for mountaineering.

D．He is potential and wealthy.

3. What does the underlined word “financed” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．Loved by many people	B．Managed in a new way.
C．Supported with money.	D．Discovered by chance.

4. What’s the best title for the passage?

A．The Future of High-Altitude Rescue Team

B．The successful Flying Task on Himalayas.

C．An Interview with an Italian Famous Rescue Team Leader.

D．A Daring High-altitude Rescue on Everest Sets a Record.

8 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What part of Dave’s body was injured?

A．His right ankle.

B．His left arm.

C．His left ankle.

2. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A．At home.

B．At school.

C．Over the phone.

9 . On October 13, a small plane flying to Chile accidentally crashed into a mountain in the Andes. How some of the passengers ______ to live is one of the greatest survival stories ever told.

The survivors ____ inside the remains of the plane, using seat covers for blankets,   and waited for a   ______   that never came. Days turned into weeks. It was urgent to find a way to   ______. Three of the passengers - Canessa, Parrado, and Vizintin volunteered to ______ through the mountains to search for help. When they left, each man wore similar clothes: three pairs of socks, a plastic bag   ______ each foot to keep the water out, boots, four pairs of trousers, and four sweaters. Many of the clothes came from those who died in the crash. The three men ______ that they would survive and bring back help.

For part of the first day, they were glad to make some ______. But as the land and weather changed, climbing became   ______. After several days, they reached what they thought was the top. They had   ______ this moment for days. On the other side of the top, they hoped, would be a ______ leading down and out of the mountains. However, they saw the same snow-covered tops. All hope wasn’t   ______. Although they were still in the middle of the mountains, Parrado   ______ two low tops far away that didn’t have snow. If they get there, they would be out of the Andes.

Within the following days, they walked toward the two low tops. Little by little, the landscape began to change. Snow ______ completely, and flowers were everywhere. “This is the valley,” Canessa said. “This is the way ______.” Then things of humanity started to appear-a few cans on the ground, some farm animals in a field. By December 21, the extremely ______ men made it to the town of Los Maitenes, and a rescue team was sent immediately to ______ for the survivors who were still high in the Andes.

Finally all of the remaining survivors were ______. The memories of the crash in the Andes would be with the friends forever, but for now, their terrible ______ was over. They had made it out ______.

1.

A．learned

B．expected

C．decided

D．managed

2.

A．stayed

B．looked

C．turned

D．reached

3.

A．present

B．rescue

C．message

D．danger

4.

A．prepare

B．continue

C．escape

D．develop

5.

A．journey

B．compare

C．measure

D．expand

6.

A．against

B．under

C．beside

D．around

7.

A．admitted

B．demanded

C．informed

D．promised

8.

A．plan

B．effort

C．progress

D．suggestion

9.

A．tougher

B．heavier

C．sharper

D．narrower

10.

A．appreciated

B．arranged

C．witnessed

D．imagined

11.

A．court

B．valley

C．border

D．channel

12.

A．lost

B．left

C．sent

D．kept

13.

A．rejected

B．counted

C．spotted

D．mentioned

14.

A．declined

B．froze

C．spread

D．disappeared

15.

A．behind

B．out

C．apart

D．off

16.

A．frightened

B．disappointed

C．tired

D．puzzled

17.

A．fight

B．call

C．search

D．ask

18.

A．listed

B．saved

C．picked

D．treated

19.

A．performance

B．experience

C．challenge

D．exploration

20.

A．alive

B．cool

C．free

D．crazy

10 . An abandoned car in Chicago worth about $600 has been issued more than $100, 000 in parking tickets (罚单) over the past three years. Now Jennifer Fitzgerald, 31, is stuck with the bill but says the 1999 Chevy Monte Carlo actually belongs to an ex-boyfriend who registered   (登记注册) the car in her name without informing her.

The Expired Meter ( 停车计时器) reports that from May 23, 2009 to April 30, 2012, the Chicago Department of Finance (DOF) issued 678 tickets against the car, totaling $105, 761.80. It set a Chicago record both for the total number and amount of parking fines issued. In fact, it blew past the previous record holder, which was $65,000 from about 400 tickets.

But Fitzgerald says she doesn’t owe the city a dime (10 分硬币) and has filed a lawsuit (诉讼 ) in Cook County Circuit Court against the city of Chicago, United Airlines and the ex-boyfriend. Fitzgerald has two main arguments in her case. First, she says her ex-boyfriend, Brandon Preveau, is the actual owner of the car, having bought it from her uncle for $600 in 2008. In fact, Brandon paid for the car’s title (所有权), registration and insurance, but it was registered in Fitzgerald’s name. “Brandon used his 2007 income tax refund ( 退 款 ) to pay Patrick $600 for the car,” reads Fitzgerald’s complaint. “For reasons not recalled by Patrick, however, Patrick signed the title to the car over to Fitzgerald.”

Second, Fitzgerald’s lawyer is arguing that the city should have simply towed (拖走) the car after 30 days from O’Hare Airport, where it was parked and where Brandon worked at the time. According to Fitzgerald’s complaint, on or before November 17, 2009, Brandon drove the car into the parking lot and never drove it out again. And as the Expired Meter reports, Chicago law does state exactly that an abandoned vehicle is to be towed 30 days after being illegally parked.

1. After the Chicago Department of Finance noticed the car, it _______.

A．wanted to break a record

B．tried its best to find its owner

C．kept issuing tickets against the car

D．decided to play a joke on its owner

2. From Paragraph 3, we know that Jennifer Fitzgerald _______.

A．sold the car to her ex-boyfriend long ago

B．received the car from her ex-boyfriend

C．didn’t know anything about the car

D．wasn’t the real owner of the car

3. Jennifer Fitzgerald filed a lawsuit against the city of Chicago because the city _______.

A．didn’t inform her as soon as it found the missing car

B．didn’t tow the vehicle after 30 days from O’Hare Airport

C．didn’t state exactly that an abandoned vehicle was to be towed

D．didn’t help her find the car when it was missing in the beginning

4. After reading the passage we learn that Jennifer Fitzgerald _______.

A．doesn’t want to pay any money

B．thinks Patrick should pay the fines

C．isn’t trying to find her ex-boyfriend

D．has never been to O’Hare Airport