Mount Hood is the highest mountain in Oregon, a state in the western United States. At 3,400 meters it is attractive (有吸引力的) to many people, some of whom, of course, run into trouble. Each year 25 to 50 people have accidents or get lost on Mount Hood and require rescue. Although most of these are understandable accidents, a few result from careless risk-taking.
In one recent case, three experienced climbers went hiking (远足) in the middle of a snowstorm in December. Most hikers climb Mount Hood in May or June when the weather conditions are favorable. But in December, the mountain is covered in snow and ice. Winds up to 135 kilometers per hour blow the snow around making it difficult to see. Temperatures can drop below freezing. As one rescue worker put it, “What were they thinking? They were just asking for it.”
During a rescue a few years ago, a helicopter full of rescue workers crashed (坠毁) and the rescue workers were almost killed. Linda Carle, who lives in the Mount Hood area, asks, “If someone made a poor decision, why should rescue teams have to risk their lives to save them? Why do people take unnecessary risks and do things that aren’t right if they know that they can get into trouble?”
Most of the Mount Hood rescue workers are either volunteers (志愿者) or part of the local sheriff’s department. There is no charge for these rescues. It is the taxpayers (纳税人) who pay the bill. Linda Carle suggests that people who take careless risks and require rescue should be charged for the rescue. She feels it is only fair that costs for things like damaged helicopters and medical care for rescuers be paid for by the people who took the risk. What would you do if you were the local sheriff at Mount Hood?
1. What can we learn about Mount Hood?| A．It lies in the south of the United States. |
| B．It is the highest mountain in the United States. |
| C．The best time to climb the mountain is in May or June. |
| D．Hundreds of people get lost in the mountain every year. |
| A．peace | B．pride | C．loneliness | D．anger |
| A．pay for all the costs needed | B．learn to save themselves |
| C．be taxed at a higher rate | D．work as volunteers |
| A．ask the government to provide more rescuers |
| B．introduce Mount Hood to mountain climbers |
| C．advise climbers to think twice before they act |
| D．report some serious accidents in Mount Hood |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】The human population of Sri Lanka is now believed to be over 20 million. As a result, large areas of trees are being turned into farmland, highways are being built, and elephants are being driven out of their habitats. This change causes turmoil, resulting in an increased number of uncontrollable events between elephants and humans.
The good news is that there is one place called the Elephant Transit Home (ETH) in Udawalawe National Park, the main purpose of which is to protect and care for baby elephants. A day at the ETH begins early in the morning when the baby elephants are given their first feeding of milk. During the course of the day, each baby will drink an average of 13 gallons of milk. Older elephants are fed mostly coconut leaves as well as other native plants. Then the elephants are set free to wander in the park.
The ETH spends almost $ 125 ,000 each year on powdered milk for these baby animals. To help pay for food and medical supplies, the ETH has a foster (领养) parent programme. Anyone, even schoolchildren, can help a lot by giving money to care for a baby elephant. Foster parents can name their elephants, take photographs of them, and even help send them back into the wild.
Now visitors are not encouraged to get close to the elephants. The goal of the ETH is for the elephants to return to the wild in the end. It usually takes three years for a baby elephant to be sent back into its natural habitat. This programme helps them return to the wild as members of a herd that will communicate with each other and take care of each other.
1. What does the underlined word “turmoil” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?| A．Confusion. | B．Disorder. | C．Pollution. | D．Harmony. |
| A．They mainly live on coconut leaves. |
| B．They are fed separately all the time. |
| C．They are taken care of by different means. |
| D．They don’t get along well with other animals. |
| A．You can play games with the elephant. |
| B．You can give the elephant you care for a name. |
| C．You can take the elephant home for better care. |
| D．You can visit Udawalawe National Park free of charge. |
| A．The future of the elephants. |
| B．The life of the baby elephants. |
| C．The process of raising a young elephant. |
| D．The requirements for being a foster parent. |
【推荐2】When British musician Paul Barton performs in Lopburi lately, his energetic listeners react wildly. Some pull his hair or jump on his piano. Others steal his music. These behaviors are normal; however, these crowds are truly wild—wild monkeys to be exact, who are Barton’s latest animal fans. Past wildlife audiences included elephants and deer living in special protected areas. He also once played to cows to please them to get more milk.
Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for wild macaque monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calmness to the animals, which often suffer hunger during the hard time and become aggressive（好斗的）.The limited tourism means fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them.“On the one hand, we need to make an effort to make sure that they eat correctly. On the other hand, we should try to calm these wild animals down,” said Barton, 59, a Thailand man.
Barton has played at four places in Lopburi, including an ancient Hindu temple, a store and an old movie theater. The animals quickly surround Barton when he plays music. Some of the creatures sit on his chair, while others climb up his body and touch his head. However, Barton keeps his attention on his performance, even when some animals run over his hands on the instrument and other animals take control of his music papers. Barton is happy to find they are curious about him and the piano and enjoy the music as he is playing it.
1. Who are the listeners for Barton in Lopburi?| A．Monkeys. |
| B．Deer. |
| C．Cows. |
| D．Elephants. |
| A．To show his music talent. |
| B．To calm the animals down. |
| C．To raise money for the animals. |
| D．To help the animals out of hunger. |
| A．Fight with other animals. |
| B．Enjoy the music silently. |
| C．Be curious about his behavior. |
| D．Keep away from him immediately. |
| A．Piano lessons are taught in the wild. |
| B．Special concerts are held for animals. |
| C．A musician helps animals play the piano. |
| D．Some measures are taken to protect animals. |
【推荐3】Human activity has shrunk the size of wild animals the world over, and yet recent research has found many mammals (哺乳动物) living near cities have become steadily larger, both in length and in weight.
“That wasn’t what we expected to find at all,” says Robert Guralnick, who studies biodiversity informatics at the Florida Museum. Expanding urban environments grow much hotter than natural habitats (生长环境), and warmer temperatures usually benefit mammals that have a smaller, more energy-saving figure — a principle of biology known as Bergmann’s rule.
As the world grows warmer, some scientists have worried that mammals living near cities are supposed to grow smaller, possibly reducing their fitness as a species and, no doubt, the fitness of being threateners (威胁者), too. But even with climate change, that might not happen. As it turns out, there’s another factor in determining a mammal’s size that might compete with or even go beyond temperature, and that is food.
In and around cities with large populations, where high-energy human foods are more widely available and hunters are fewer and farther in between, new research discovered that most of the mammal species studied appear to be growing in size, not shrinking. According to careful measurements of more than 100 species from North America, gathered from museum collections over the past 80 years, the main reason is not a city’s temperature. Instead, the greatest increases in weight and body length appear to lie among those mammals that live near the most humans, regardless of how hot their surroundings are.
As climate change grows worse, there is, of course, the possibility that that might change, but at least for now, it seems that wolves, deer, bats, and other mammals in North America could be affected more by city populations than city climates.
If we want to preserve the mammals that exist today for the future, it’s important that we know how human civilization is shaping their size, behavior and well-being. In a rapidly changing world, that knowledge could mean the difference between ongoing life and dying out.
1. What finding does Robert Guralnick consider surprising?| A．Urban environments are hotter than nature. |
| B．The animals in natural habitats become smaller. |
| C．Many mammals grow against Bergmann’s rule. |
| D．City temperatures cause animals to shrink in size. |
| A．They are well taken care of by zoo keepers. |
| B．They have more foods and fewer threats. |
| C．They are comfortable in warmer climates. |
| D．They can easily hunt wild animals for food. |
| A．Provide healthy food to surrounding mammals. |
| B．Limit the population in cities to a small number. |
| C．Know how human civilization affects mammals. |
| D．Help the mammals adjust to the changing climate. |
| A．Human Activity Has Shrunk the Size of Animals |
| B．Global Warming Is Shaping the Future of Mammals |
| C．Mammals in Nature Have a Better Chance to Survive |
| D．Many Mammals Living Near Cities Are. Growing Bigger |
【推荐1】A loud sound woke Dan at 8:15 in the morning. Looking out of his bedroom window, he spied a tree in smoke about 500 yards away. A car was stuck around the tree’s base, its engine on fire.
“I grabbed buckets of water.” Dan told the reporter. Then he and his girlfriend ran to the crash site. The car was divided nearly in two, and the tree was where the driver’s seat ought to have been, as if planted there. There was 16-year-old Thompson, his terrified face pressed against the driver’s side window, in great pain. Dan tried putting out the fire with his buckets of water with no success. “When the flames got into the front seats, I realized I had to get him out of there.” he told WAGM-TV.
“I feel like I just did what had to be done.” said Dan. Regardless of his own safety, Dan opened the car’s back door and crawled in. Thompson was struggling to get free. Dan said, “That’s when I noticed how bad his legs were.” Using a pocket knife, he cut off Thompson’s seat belt. Dan pulled him out of the window of the vehicle, and then dragged him to safety before the entire car was engulfed in flames. Although Thompson suffered serious injuries in his legs, he looked great, smiling. Dan thought about that day often. “There was a voice deep down telling me to act at once.” He said.
1. What do we know from the text?| A．Dan put out the fire with water at once. |
| B．Dan saved Thompson from the car accident. |
| C．Thompson and his girlfriend were trapped in the car. |
| D．Thompson got free from the seat with a knife by himself. |
| A．Swallowed. | B．Exposed. |
| C．Affected. | D．Polluted. |
| A．Enthusiastic and talented. |
| B．Courageous and calm. |
| C．Cooperative and generous. |
| D．Ambitious and professional. |
【推荐2】I discovered the power of fear when I became stuck to my driveway, as if my feet were crazy-glued to the cement (水泥). As much as I tried, I could not move them. The realization that my daughters were playing in Nancy's house, just one-half block away, paralyzed (麻痹) my legs, making me unable to move when I neared the end of our driveway. Dense, black smoke was rising from behind the Sycamore Maple trees on the other side of the street and was enveloping three houses, making them barely visible. Nancy's house was one of them.
I tried to call out for my daughters, hoping to see them run safely to my arms, but my voice was also stuck-stuck in my throat with no intention of coming out. There I stood, helpless, paralyzed and silenced by fear, unable to protect the two lttle girls I loved more than even I had realized.
Although trapped in a body that couldn't move or speak, I could still hear. I could hear other mothers anxiously calling their children. I could hear a frightening silence that covered the neighborhood instead of the usual happy voices of children. And, finally, I could hear the alarm of the fire engine. As the alarm announced, "We're on our way," it instantly dissolved the crazy glue that had held my feet to the cement and it unlocked the soundproof box that had silenced my voice. I was free to make sure my daughters were safe.
As I continued down the driveway, two little girls, my two little girls, ran toward me from across the street. They had come home to tell me about the fire in the garage next to Nancy's house. Not only did my feet and voice work now, but my eyes were also in good working order and had no trouble producing tears.
1. Why was the author stuck to her driveway?| A．She was too tired to move her legs. |
| B．Thick black smoke blocked her view. |
| C．The cement on the driveway was still wet. |
| D．The fear for her daughters' safety struck her. |
| A．Shouting from other anxious mothers. | B．Strange silence in the neighborhood. |
| C．The alarm of the coming fire engine. | D．The courage to protect her daughters. |
| A．She burst into tears of relief and happiness. |
| B．She was really thankful to see her girls saved. |
| C．She was too excited to believe what she saw. |
| D．She overcame her fear and fully recovered. |
| A．Love in Fire | B．Stopped in Silence |
| C．A Narrow Escape | D．The Price of Fear |
【推荐3】As in other countries, road safety is always a concern in America. Studies show that in 2022, 7,485 pedestrians (行人) were killed by vehicles in the U.S. That’s an increase of more than 65% since 2012. Even during COVID-19, when fewer people were driving, more pedestrians were hit and more died.
Researchers found that drivers took advantage of empty streets and pay little attention to traffic rules. Another factor is the increasing popularity of SUVs, pickups (皮卡) and vans. These kinds of vehicles are up to three times more dangerous than smaller cars when hit pedestrians. The more fault drivers believe they could bear for the hitting, the more likely they are to leave without giving any help. Younger male drivers are more likely to run away. So are those who get drunken or lack a driving license. Other factors include the age of the victim, as children and elderly people are less likely to be left alone. Also, with more witnesses around, the drivers are less likely to hit and run.
In the U.S. drivers run away from serious crashes with pedestrians about 20% of the time, and the rate is very different among different states.
In 2020, 6,519 pedestrians were killed in the U.S. Speeding driving were a major cause. While Florida “wins” the least number of deaths caused by speeding. These following states were reported to have the most dangerous road accidents.
Ten most dangerous states for pedestrians
| A．Road security worries Americans. |
| B．Pedestrian are on the rise over time. |
| C．COVID-19 caused more road accidents. |
| D．Vehicles have doubled since 2012. |
| A．Cars. | B．SUVs. | C．Pickups. | D．Vans. |
| A．Young drivers are more likely to be honest. |
| B．Drunken driving is now allowed in America. |
| C．Children and the old are well protected in the U.S. |
| D．Drivers are more honest if witnessed by more people. |
| A．New Mexico. | B．New York. |
| C．Florida. | D．South Carolina. |
In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be properly used. If, for example, you never go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car, you are letting fear rule you too much. The important thing is not to let fear rule you, but instead, to use fear as your servant and guide. Fear will warn you of dangers; then you have to decide what action to take.
In many cases, you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger. For example, you see a car coming straight towards you; fear warns you, you jump out of the way, and all is well.
In some cases, however, you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid the danger. For example, you cannot prevent an airplane crashing into your house, and you may not want to go and live in a desert where there are no airplanes. In this case, fear has given you its warning, you have examined it and decided on your course of action, so fear of the particular danger is no longer of any use to you, and you have to try to overcome it.
1. Children would play with fire until their hands are burnt away if _________.
| A．they were not well educated at school | B．they had never played with fire before |
| C．they had no sense of pain | D．they were fearful of pain |
| A．they have gained experience | B．they are warned of the danger and take quick action |
| C．they jump out of the way in time | D．they are calm in face of danger |
| A．Too much fear is harmful | B．Fear is always something helpful C .Fear is something that can be avoided | C．Fear ought to be used as our guide in our life |
| A．No Pains, No Gains | B．Pain and Actions |
| C．The Value of Fear D .The Reason Why People Fear | |
【推荐2】A culture’s values can be mirrored by its humor. Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes, who, in “On Nature”, disliked humor, “Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others.” He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrow-mindedness.
However, Mordechai Gordon, Ph. D of Education, insists, “Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious.” I agree with Gordon. Learning to look at the world through humor is important.
In the United States, every four years an election occurs. Without humor as a way to express their feelings, how else would Americans keep from clawing their eyes out (伤心欲绝) and going the way of lemming (盲目跟从) ? Television shows a joke “The Daily Show” have become important parts of American culture. They are mothering the masses by metaphorically (隐喻地) airplane-ing (用鼻子吸食大麻) politics into our mouths. They make politics fun.
Of course, politics is only one type of humor. Social humor helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition. American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self-image. On the topic of self-image, Hari Kondabolu stands out. He has a joke about the popular musical group “The Pussycat Dolls”, describing their hit song “Don’t Cha” as a negative representation of women. He points out an obvious offence in American culture.
A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner. Amongst other things, mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a potential partner.
Of course, humor is not always used for good purposes. Humor can be linked to vulgarity (粗俗) and racism, but, like everything else, it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves, our failures and our connection with one another.
Though life may seem tough and depressing at times, all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn’t aware of.
With that in mind, remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity.
1. Hobbes believes that humor ______.| A．was for people to view the world from another angle |
| B．resulted in narrow-mindedness of human beings |
| C．had the power to mirror personal glory and national values |
| D．was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel better |
| A．by comparison | B．by process | C．by example | D．by classification |
| A．Worried. | B．Disappointed. | C．Curious. | D．Appreciative. |
| A．The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor. |
| B．The author feels helpless and sad about getting older. |
| C．Never be the one who laughs at other people. |
| D．Chaplin wasn’t aware of being laughed at. |
【推荐3】The first time I questioned the conventional wisdom on the nature of a healthy diet, it was 40 years ago, and the subject was salt. Researchers claimed that salt supplementation (补充) was unnecessary after intense exercise, and this advice was passed on by health reporters. I recalled high school football practices in hot days. Without salt pills, I couldn’t make it through a two-hour practice.
Although sports nutritionists have recommended consuming more salt when we sweat hard in physical activity, the message that we should avoid salt at all other times remains strong. And salt is still considered fatal.
So why have we been told that salt is so deadly? The advice has always sounded reasonable: Eat more salt, and your body keeps water to maintain a stable concentration of sodium (钠) in your blood. This is why salty food tends to make us thirsty: We drink more; we keep water. The result can be a temporary increase in blood pressure. The scientific question is whether this temporary phenomenon leads to permanent problems: If we eat too much salt for years, does it raise our blood pressure, cause high blood pressure, then strokes, and then kill us? It makes sense, but it’s only a hypothesis (假设), which has never been proved but unfortunately upgraded to a fact.
In reality, eating less salt can worsen health. Decades ago, Italian researchers’ clinical trials reported that reducing salt consumption increased the risk of dying early and that reducing sodium to a government-recommended “safe upper limit” is actually harmful.
Supporters of the eat-less-salt campaign tend to deal with this confusing evidence by implying that anyone raising it is a shill (同谋) for the food industry (widely criticized for adding salt to processed foods to improve taste). When several government agencies held a hearing last November to discuss how to ensure Americans eat less salt, anti-salt supporters argued that the latest reports suggesting damage from lower-salt diets should simply be ignored. This attitude, which lacks respect for science, has been the norm for the anti-salt campaign for decades. Maybe now is the time for it to change.
1. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 refer to?| A．A man of high intelligence. | B．Knowledge learnt through work. |
| C．A belief that most people have. | D．Experience gained from sports. |
| A．Eating less salt can pose a threat to our health. |
| B．Eating less salt can prevent us from dying early. |
| C．We need to eat relatively more salt on a daily basis. |
| D．We should follow the government policy and reduce salt intake. |
| A．They publicly blame it on the food industry. |
| B．They suggest the food industry is behind it. |
| C．They report it to the government agencies. |
| D．They treat it with some respect. |
| A．Approving. | B．Indifferent. | C．Skeptical. | D．Neutral. |
【推荐1】San Francisco is going to do what many other cities have already done-provide free bicycles for the public. The mayor of San Francisco supports the bicycle program. He wants to improve the terrible traffic problems in the city.
At first, 40 to 60 bikes will be available only to city workers. People will give their old bikes to the city to use in the program. If this program is successful, one day more than 1,000 bicycles will be available. Everyone, not just city workers, will be able to use these bicycles.
People in Fresno, California already have a free bicycle program. In fact, this idea began in Amsterdam over 40 years ago. These programs encourage citizens to get out of their cars and onto pollution-free bikes.
Fresno's Yellow Bike Program puts about forty bicycles around the city. The bikes are painted bright yellow so people know they can take them. When people take a yellow bike, they can ride to work or to shopping areas, and then leave the bike for the next rider.
Some people worry that the free bikes will be stolen. However, theft hasn't been a problem in free-bike cities by now.
While most people think the bike program is a good idea, only a few say they will use it. "I will still drive my car," says Joanna Greene. "San Francisco has a lot of hills. My office is at the top of Potrero Hill. I don't think I'm in good shape. And, wouldn't I have to carry a helmet with me all the time?"
Phil Chung agrees, "There is too much traffic. Riding a bicycle can be risky. There are not very many bike lanes. " He continues, "Plus, it's too cold in the winter. And what if you ride a bike to work, and then there isn't one to ride home?"
Program leaders know there will be problems. But they think it's worth trying. "It's not the solution for everyone," states Sylvia Pass. "But if just one hundred people use it every day, that's one hundred cars that aren't on the streets, one hundred parking spaces that aren't used. I think it's a great" beginning. "
1. Why does San Francisco provide bicycles to the public?| A．There are many bikes available. |
| B．Many people don't have cars of their own. |
| C．Many other cities have already done so. |
| D．The traffic problems are terrible. |
| A．Free bikes will be stolen. |
| B．San Francisco is not flat at all. |
| C．Riding a bike is not safe enough. |
| D．It will be too cold in the winter. |
| A．Negative. | B．Positive. |
| C．Objective. | D．Indifferent. |
【推荐2】Video games have been a popular pastime since the 1980s, and with an ever-expanding variety of genres (种类), artistic styles and storylines, it is no surprise that many still enjoy them.
Here are a few popular picks for you to try this summer. Take a look!
The Legend of Zelda: Breath Of The Wild
Developed by Japanese video game company Nintendo, this action-adventure video game was released in 2017 with the launch of the Nintendo Switch, Nintendo’s newest video game console (电子游戏机).
Breath of the Wild is different from other games in the series because it is a sandbox game that rewards experimentation. It has won many awards, including Game of the Year at the 2018 Game Developers Choice Awards, and has sold over 19 million copies. It was listed as the best video game of the decade on the review website Metacritic.
The Outer Worlds
The Outer Worlds is a sci-fi role-playing game that was released in October last year. The game is set in a future world where mega-corporations (大型企业) control everything — even outer space. The Outer Worlds is unique because the choices you make in the game change how the story will end.
“From a story standpoint, every time we do a game, we’re just trying to get better,” Leonard Boyarsky, one of the game’s directors, said in an interview with PC Gamer. “You learn way more from failure than you do from success and we’ve had a lot of, uh, learning experiences.” The Outer Worlds has sold over two million copies and has won several awards for its memorable writing, humor, visual design and voice acting.
Minecraft
Even though Mojang Studios released it in 2011, Minecraft has maintained its position as the most well-liked video game. In fact, according to Mojang Studios, Minecraft had 126 million monthly users by May this year. “I had no idea it would get this popular,” Minecraft creator Markus Notch Persson admitted in an interview with London-based media company Den of Geek.
Minecraft is a sandbox video game, which means it is an open world with endless possibilities. It can be played on multiple platforms, and it even has its very own LEGO set. The world of Minecraft is made up of 3D blocks, a design that US entertainment website IGN described as “instantly memorable”.
1. Which one is the most popular video game according to the article?| A．Breath Of The Wild | B．The Outer Worlds | C．Minecraft | D．Metacritic |
| A．It is the players who decide the end of the story. |
| B．The Outer Worlds is a sci-fi role-playing game. |
| C．The Outer Worlds has already won several awards. |
| D．The players can learn more from their failures. |
| A．Minecraft was first launched by a London-based media company. |
| B．Breath of the Wild is created by Japanese video game company Nintendo. |
| C．The Outer Worlds is set in a future world where the players control everything. |
| D．All the three games are extremely popular sandbox video games. |
【推荐3】Forget losing weight or saving money—we suggest one simple task to add to your list of inspiring New Year's decisions: read a book. Trust us, and your brain will thank you. Not only does reading increase the amount of daily pleasure in your life, but it could also delay dementia (痴呆) and even help you live longer.
But still, picking the perfect novel isn't easy. Thankfully, Business Insider asked a Harvard professor to recommend the one book he thinks every student should read in 2019—and we suggest adding it to your list, too. (No time for all the books on your list? Here's a shortcut: Read the endings to some of the world's most famous books, instead.)
Steven Pinker, Professor of Psychology at Harvard, recommends The Internationalists by legal scholars Hathaway and Shapiro. The book makes a surprising statement that the Kellogg-Briand Paris Peace Pact (条约) of 1928, which declared war illegal, has caused a steady drop in war throughout history.
“But in their fascinating and evidence-rich book, they make a lifelike case,” Pinker said. “And like The Clash of Civilizations and The End of History, the book presents a sweeping vision (视野) of the international scene, making sense of many developments in the news and recent history.”
Other professors at Harvard recommended classics like Anna Karenina by Tolstoy, as well as Just Mercy by Stevenson, The Theory of Moral Sentiments by Adam Smith, and Robot-Proof by Joseph Aoun.
So, go ahead and give (at least) one of these books a read in 2019! And while you're at it, you should add the following 20 books you really should have read by now to your list, too…
1. Which has the closest meaning to the underlined word “shortcut” in the 2nd paragraph?| A．A time-saving way to read books. |
| B．A lazy person's way to read books. |
| C．A quick way to know about endings of books. |
| D．A wise way to deal with too many books to read. |
| A．The Paris Peace Pact. | B．The Internationalists. |
| C．Hathaway and Shapiro. | D．A wide vision of the international scene. |
| A．More advice on reading books. |
| B．The names of the 20 books recommended. |
| C．The main contents of the 20 books recommended. |
| D．The brief introduction of the 20 books recommended. |
