1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Abraham Lincoln’s position on slavery is one of    1    most discussed aspects of his life.     2    (start)in 1831, a growing group of abolitionists(废奴主义者) called for total, immediate abolition of slavery.

Lincoln never called for this, and focused instead     3    the less politically challenging goal of preventing the    4    (create)of new slave states. Lincoln’s activism on that issue started in reaction io the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act    5    (design) by his great rival(对手) Stephen A. Douglas. The act allowed the settlers    6    (decide) on slavery in their territory.

Lincoln, with partial compensation to owners, did end slavery in the District of Columbia in l862. During 186l-1862 Lincoln tried unsuccessfully to get Kentucky and Maryland to do likewise. He     7    (repeated) stated that his goal was the preservation of the Union, not ending slavery in the states    8    it existed. In 1862, Lincoln used his role as commander-in-chief to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. It made all     9    (slave)in Confederate areas forever free under the U.S. law as soon as the U.S. army reached and controlled them and it controlled all of them by 1865. Final abolition in the border states     10    (achieve) later that year.

2 . In 1803, the United States acquired a huge new piece of land called the Louisiana Territory. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark were given the job of leading an expedition to collect data about this uncharted territory. President Thomas Jefferson gave Lewis and Clark three tasks for the journey: Find an all-water route to the Pacific Ocean, make friends with the Native Americans along the way, and gather detailed information about the plants, animals, landforms (地形), and climate of the area.

In order to discover if there was an all-water route to the Pacific Ocean, Lewis and Clark attempted to travel up the Mississippi River by boat. In this way, they hoped that they would eventually reach the Pacific. Ultimately, the explorers discovered the Rocky Mountains and the Continental Divide, but not the Pacific Ocean. The hope for an all-water route from the East to the Pacific would have to be abandoned.

Lewis and Clark’s second task was to make friends with Native Americans in the area. They packed hundreds of pounds of gifts for the indigenous people, including beads, sewing needles, cloth, yarn, and knives. Their intention was to use these items as offerings of peace and good faith. However, many tribes were hostile. They felt threatened by the Americans’ presence and refused to communicate with them. Other tribes were more welcoming and aided the explorers in finding food and navigating the new region.

The explorers’ final task was extensive and ongoing. Lewis and Clark had to take detailed notes about the landforms and climate of the different areas through which they travelled. President Jefferson also wanted samples of notable plant and animal life. They prepared animal fur and plant samples to send back to the president throughout the trip. They also kept individual journals with detailed descriptions and drawings of the environment and terrain (地势).

Up the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, across the Great Plains, over the Rockies, down the Columbia River, and to the Pacific Ocean, Lewis and Clark travelled. After 3 years, Jefferson received a letter from Lewis stating, “It is with great pleasure that I announced to you the safe arrival of myself and my partner. In obedience to your orders, we have penetrated (穿过)the continent of North America to the Pacific Ocean.”

1. Which of the following is Not among the tasks that President Thomas Jefferson gave Lewis and Clark?

A．Find a direct waterway from the U.S. to the Pacific Ocean.

B．Collect geographic and ecological information about the unknown area.

C．Locate the Rocky Mountains and the Continental Divide.

D．Build relationships with the Native Americans on the way.

2. What does the underlined word “hostile” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Determined not to change their attitudes.

B．Very unfriendly or aggressive.

C．Not wanting to talk to other people.

D．Belonging to a very simple society.

3. What can we learn about the final task?

A．The task was less challenging than the former two tasks.

B．The task required a wide range of knowledge and skills.

C．The task focused on collecting data about landforms and climate.

D．Lewis and Clark didn’t send back samples until they finished their journey.

4. What can we infer from the text?

A．Lewis and Clark had to turn back before completing their tasks.

B．Lewis and Clark successfully found an all-water route to the Pacific Ocean.

C．Lewis and Clark finished the expedition without the help of Native Americans.

D．The expedition covered the area from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean.

3 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. (1’*7=7’)

A. executive B. substantially C. borders D. minority E. fiercely F. unrest G. efficient H. move

Ukraine, a nation whose history has experienced long periods of occupation from other countries, today wrestles(摔跤，全力应付)between war and peace, as well as between corruption and reform. The nation     1    the Black and Azov seas to the south and lies next to several Eastern European nations, including Russia.

Ukraine declared independence from the former Soviet Union in 1991. Its president is directly elected by voters. The prime minister is the head of the central government, which is separated along     2    , legislative and judicial branches.

The country’s post-Soviet political life has been controversial, disturbed by persistent charges of government corruption and fraud. Large-scale protests at the end of 2013 turned violent in 2014, leading to the ouster(罢免)of the government and     3    in the heavily ethnic Russian eastern regions of Ukraine. Russia annexed(抢占)the Crimea region of Ukraine in early 2014, a     4    by Moscow that has been widely criticized by the international community.

Ukraine joined into a free trade area at the beginning of 2016, and the World Bank noted that the country’s economy did begin to show signs of a weak recovery. A broader recovery has been held back, the World Bank says, by continuing conflict in the east and the need for reforms.

Ukraine entered a long-awaited agreement with the European Union in September 2017, a move that brings the country a step closer to the goal of joining the European Union and NATO.

Services, industry and agriculture are Ukraine’s three largest economic sectors. The nation     5    relies on natural gas imports from Russia to meet its energy needs. Agricultural production and energy consumption can be made more     6    , and in doing so Ukraine could play an important role in global food security, according to the World Bank. Culturally, Ukraine is influenced by Western and Central Europe, Russia to the east and by religion— the predominant faith in the country is Eastern Orthodoxy. The country has a rich history in literature, music, architecture and folk art, including “pysanky”, Ukrainian Easter eggs. Ethnic Ukrainians form the overwhelming majority of the country’s population, with ethnic Russians serving as the largest     7    group.

Ukraine is a member of major international and regional organizations, including the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Commonwealth of Independent States.

5 . 下列文段直接来自所学的课文。请根据英文首字母提示，填入符合课文含义的词，使到文段意思完整，通顺，符合课文原意。

Trade and c    1     have often f    2     the foundation of mankind’s greatest a    3    . To c    4     the great map of the world was a strong p    5     for the people of early civilisations. Marco Polo’s t    6     inspired European explorers to s    7     for sea r    8     from west to east. H    9    , merchants and explorers from the East set s    10     from east to west many years before Columbus first did.

10 . Hell comes to Pearl Harbor

It was Sunday, December 7,1941. As usual, the wake­up call came at 5:45 a.m. The men aboard the warship USS Arizona stretched and rubbed their eyes. Seaman Russell Warriner was awakened by Quartermaster Louis Conter. Russell made his bed and helped clean the huge, shared room. The men went to the washroom, dressed in their uniforms and sat down to breakfast. It looked like it would be a normal day on board the ship.

But nobody ate their breakfast: at that moment, there was a huge crashing sound from above. The ship shook violently and the men looked at each other in horror. Above their heads, hundreds of Japanese planes circled like eagles. They were diving down to drop bombs on Pearl Harbor. The scream of their engines was deafening. As bombs thundered all around, clouds of black smoke rose into the sky and hung over the sea. Russell felt his blood freeze, but he quickly came to himself and rushed up to the deck. Moments later, a bomb hit the USS Arizona and Russell was thrown more than 100 meters across the ship. He suffered serious burns on his hands, arms and legs, and watched many of his friends die.

Louis, meanwhile, also standing on the deck, was lucky not to be thrown into the sea. With only minor injuries, he was able to help others who were severely burnt and in terrible pain. After receiving the order to abandon ship, Louis saved more men from the water, dragging them into the lifeboat. In the chaos and confusion after the attack, the US Navy sent a message to his family that Louis had been killed in the attack. Luckily, he was able to get in touch with them before the message arrived. Despite his remarkable actions, Louis did not think that he was a hero. “The heroes are the ones that gave their lives that day,” he said.

Russell was saved from the water, but he was badly burnt, bleeding heavily. Fortunately, he was taken to hospital and survived. For many years, Russell refused to talk about what happened that morning, describing it simply as “hell”. His wife Elsa said, “When he opened up later on, he always mentioned the horror of it.”

Louis and Russell would never forget the terrible scene of the attack, but they were fortunate enough to be among the few survivors from the Arizona. Nobody had expected the bombing. Japan had hatched a plot to launch a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, so the attack began without warning and without declaring war on the United States. The attack destroyed nearly 20 American ships and over 180 airplanes. In total, more than 2,000 American people were killed and over 1,000 others were wounded that day. More than 1,000 people aboard the Arizona lost their lives. Out of 37 sets of brothers, Russell and his brother were the only full pair to survive the attack．

The surprise attack came as a great shock to the whole nation. The next day, President Roosevelt delivered his famous Pearl Harbor Speech, in which he described December 7 as “a date which will live in infamy” and asked that the US Congress declare war on Japan. In response to the attack and the president’s address, the United States joined the Second World War.

Today, the USS Arizona lies where it sank: in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. Its location is marked with a memorial shaped like a bridge, which crosses the ship’s sunken remains . Each year, more than two million people visit the memorial. They come to see the shadow of the ship at the bottom of Pearl Harbor, to learn about the attack, to show respect for those who had lost their lives in the attack and to pray for world peace. Although about eight decades has passed, the attack on Pearl Harbor, one of the darkest episodes in American history, will never be forgotten.

1. When did Japanese planes attack Pearl Harbor?

A．In the morning.	B．At noon.
C．In the afternoon.	D．At midnight.

2. What can we know about Russell and Louis from the passage?

A．Russell lost his hands, arms and legs in the attack.

B．Russell was seriously burned in the attack.

C．Louis’s family were sad to hear that he was killed.

D．Louis was proud of his remarkable actions.

3. Which of the following words can best describe Louis?

A．Kind and skilled.

B．Helpful and clever.

C．Brave and clever.

D．Brave and modest.

4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to Paragraph 5?

A．Many American ships and airplanes were destroyed in the attack.

B．More than 1,000 people aboard the Arizona were killed.

C．2,000 Americans were killed and 1,000 others were wounded in the war.

D．Both Russell and his brother survived the attack.