1 . 语法填空

In 1937, the aggression of the Japanese army brought disaster to China's three great     1    (university): Peking University and Tsinghua University     2     (occupy) by Japanese troops, while Nankai University was completely destroyed by bombing.     3     (save) their educational and intellectual heritage, the three universities joined together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University, otherwise known     4     Lianda.

Despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges, it was right in this place, over a period of eight long years,     5     the nation's intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda.

With the country at war, students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty.     6     (drive) by a sense of commitment, a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.

A product of the war, Lianda is now     7     (physical) gone.     8     it has become the crowning glory of China's modern universities, not only because of its prominent professors and talented students, but also because of the school's strong spirit of perseverance and     9     (dedicate).

More than eighty years on, the priceless contribution of Lianda still needs to be reaffirmed. It     10     (become) part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation, with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era.

2 . 语法填空

Code-named "Operation Overlord", it was the     1     (large) combined sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being     2     (free) north-west Europe from German occupation. After waiting for the perfect     3     (combine) of weather, moon and tides, the date for the start of Operation Overlord     4     (set) for 6 June. Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower issued an order to the troops. With these words     5     (ring) in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.     6     dawn on 6 June, thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France. Meanwhile, thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy,     7     (protect) by fighter planes in the skies above them. Their objective was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline. The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach. The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land. Boats were hit and men drowned,     8     those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire. By mid-morning, hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach. But, despite the high cost in human life, the D-Day landings were     9     success and were seen     10     (wide) as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Six “sacrificial pits” (献祭深坑)，    1    （date）back to 3,200 to 4,000 years, were discovered in Sangxingdui site on March 20th. Over 500 artifacts     2     (unearth) from the site. Among them was a gold mark, found at the No.5 pit, with     3     area of about three square meters,     4     was the smallest pit, according to archaeologists.

Sangxingdui site, first found in 1929, is generally considered as one of the     5     (value) archaeological sites along the Yangtze River. However, the large-scale excavation (挖掘) on the site only began in 1986, when two pits widely     6    (believe) for sacrificial ceremonies were accidentally discovered.

    7     the digging process, archaeologists made full use of modern scientific and technological means     8     (build) an archaeological excavation cabin.

So far, archaeologists have dug out     9     (variety) of cultural items from four of the pits. The rest of the     10     (new) discovered pits are still under excavation.

4 . In the 1960s, African American mothers noticed something wrong in their children’s seemingly innocent class photos. Every year, youngsters tidied up in their Sunday best for their school picture, yet these treasured images didn’t ____ Black and White children equally. White children were rendered (使成为) as they look in everyday life, while African American children lost ____ of their faces and turned into ink blots (墨渍). The film could not simultaneously capture both dark and light skin. For decades, this flaw of the film remained out of ____, when Black boys and girls and white boys and girls were photographed separately. But with the integration of schools, Black mothers ____ that color film left their Black children in the shadows.

In 2015, two London-based photographers, Adam Broomberg and Oliver Chanarin, wanted to find out why the film could not capture the ____ of children of all races in a school photograph. When these photographers tested the film, they found the film was optimized for ____ skin. It was this film’s hidden history that was the ____ faces in a class photo came out so differently.

All that changed, ____, when large corporations made a fuss about Kodak’s film, which they bought in bulk for advertising. A team of two unlikely businesses – furniture makers and chocolate manufacturers – ____ against Kodak’s films for discriminating against dark hues.

Kodak employees worked hard to fix the film, making new film formulations and testing them by taking photos. While the complaints from Black mothers could not change Kodak, those from these companies could. By the late 1970s, new - and more ____ - formulations of color film were in the works, and the new and improved Kodak Gold film was on the market by the following decade.

Technologies, such as photographic films, sometimes capture the beliefs and values of the times. This bias built into technology has ____ today. Today, some web cameras, following instructions from algorithms (算法), are unable to recognize a dark face, but do so ____ for a white one.

What the makers of film and cameras and other technologies have experienced is a tacit (心照不宣的) subscription to a belief of a standard. ____, they have gotten on the escalator of “this is how we do things” without asking why. Scholars would describe this type of bias as one that implicitly (完全地) and ____ accepts norms. But it isn’t the ____ fault; they are only doing what the lines of code written by humans tell them to do. These devices capture the biases that exist in our world and, in turn, speak to whom a culture values.

1.

A．treat

B．capture

C．reflect

D．divide

2.

A．characters

B．expressions

C．features

D．colors

3.

A．fashion

B．print

C．range

D．sight

4.

A．recommended

B．witnessed

C．maintained

D．urged

5.

A．likeness

B．frankness

C．carelessness

D．darkness

6.

A．dark

B．yellow

C．white

D．black

7.

A．coincidence

B．reason

C．consequence

D．result

8.

A．therefore

B．however

C．furthermore

D．meanwhile

9.

A．guarded

B．insured

C．went

D．protested

10.

A．inclusive

B．persuasive

C．decisive

D．offensive

11.

A．echoes

B．conclusions

C．objections

D．intentions

12.

A．quickly

B．equally

C．easily

D．similarly

13.

A．As a result

B．In other words

C．For example

D．On the contrary

14.

A．inconsistently

B．unexpectedly

C．inevitably

D．uncritically

15.

A．cameras’

B．technologies’

C．films’

D．humans’

5 . Life for miners on the goldfields in Victoria, Australia during the 1850s was quite difficult.The name to a miner at that time was “digger”.Few diggers actually found any gold and even fewer struck it rich.Mostly diggers struggled in poor conditions.They struggled with the weather and living conditions in an often poor environment and they were often ill-equipped.

The worst thing about being a digger was the requirement to pay for a mining licence（许可证）.This licence allowed a miner to search for gold.Without the licence a digger had to pay money as a punishment.The police always went to mining camps to check mining licences.Few miners could afford the money to get a licence and hated the law which they believed was unjust.In June 1854 Governor Hotham announced that the police would carry out mining licence checks twice a week.This made the miners outraged and set them towards armed rebellion（叛乱）against the police.

The rebellion at the Eureka diggings in 1854 is often referred to as the Eureka Stockade.Led by Peter Lalor, the diggers constructed a wall preventing people from going through and burned their unfair licences as a form of rebellion.The miners said, “We stand truly by each other to protect our rights.”

The diggers lost the battle of the Eureka Stockade but they won the legal battle that their rebellion led to.In 1855 the Victorian Government introduced a mining tax（税）, as a tax on gold found, to take the place of the unfair miner’s licence which had to be paid no matter whether the miner found gold or not.In Australia’s history the Eureka Rebellion is the only time armed rebellion has been used to                                 change unfair laws.

1. What is a digger in the next?

A．A gold miner.	B．A citizen in Victoria.
C．A machine for digging.	D．A rebellious Australian.

2. What was the miners’ biggest dissatisfaction?

A．The weather on the goldfields.

B．Having to pay a mining tax.

C．Having to pay for a licence.

D．Poor living conditions.

3. What does the underlined word “outraged”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Angry.

B．Worried.

C．Doubtful.

D．Ashamed.

4. What was the result of the Eureka Stockade?

A．The miners won.	B．It resulted in a new tax.
C．The wall was brought down.	D．It led to the introduction of new licences.

6 . About 60,000 Pacific Islanders worked as indentured labourers (签订契约的劳工）on Queensland’s sugar cane（甘蔗）fields between 1863 and 1903.They were mainly males, aged 9 to 30, transported to Australia by ship.Some came freely, wanting the new life promised to them, some were tricked, and some were kidnapped（绑架）.

The practice of kidnapping people for labour was called “blackbirding”.“Blackbird” was a term used instead of slave, because slavery was actually illegal.Britain had passed the Slavery Abolition Act in 1833 and as a British colony (殖民地）,Queensland had to follow the Act It is said that a third of Pacific Islanders who worked as indentured labourers were either kidnapped or tricked into coming to Australia.Indentured labour was really just another name for slavery.

Indentured labourers had to work for a required period of time,usually three years,to pay back their passage to Australia and then they could earn money as free labourers.It was hard, dirty work in the Queensland countryside.Most indentured labourers were badly treated, many returning to their homelands as soon as their indentured period was finished.A small number married into local communities and stayed.Free labourers were also badly treated on the cane fields, working for low pay and living in very poor conditions.

Then the Australian Government’s White Australia Policy forced Pacific Islanders to leave Australia.Even people who were born in Australia to Pacific Islander parents were driven out of the country due to their colour.If they didn’t leave voluntarily, they were rounded up and driven away forcibly between 1906 and 1908.This practice destroyed many families.Some of the people had lived in Australia most, if not all, of their lives.Only a few who had married Australians were allowed to stay.A few managed to hide and avoid being driven away.

1. What happened from 1863 to 1903?

A．Australians had a new life.

B．Many Australians were kidnapped.

C．Australia was in want of labourers.

D．Australia’s sugar industry began to slow down.

2. What do we know about slavery in Queensland?

A．It was lawful before 1863.	B．It came to an end in 1833.
C．It was introduced by the British.	D．It replaced the word “blackbirding” .

3. Why did some indentured labourers go back to their homelands?

A．To escape mistreatment.	B．To get a better-paid job.
C．To avoid being kidnapped.	D．To be involved in local communities.

4. What’s the best title for the text?

A．Slaves for sugar	B．Laws in Australia
C．Pacific Islanders’ new home	D．Sugar cane industry's development

7 . 短文写作
利用下面所给的词语，写一篇50词左右的小短文。

civil war, suffer, bitterly, equality, civilian, altogether, in vain, endure, battlefield, slave, division, liberty

要求：至少使用其中的5个词语，并用下划线标出。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . 语法填空（根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文）

On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863, Abraham Lincoln mounted a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. He was there in memory of the    1    (die)soldiers. The place was the site of a recent battle     2    thousands of soldiers had died.

At that time, America was    3     (bitter) divided. For two years, its people had been deep in a civil war. The Union side won but    4    a great cost. Over 50,000 soldiers    5     (kill)or wounded, and people lost hope and purpose.

Lincoln understood the feelings of the civilian people. His speech gave them hope, belief and a reason     6     (look) to the future. He gave them    7    new vision of what the United States of America should be     8     (base)on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before. It was what the soldiers had died for. Now it was up to the    9     (live) to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the    10     (equal)of humankind.

9 . Rosie the Riveter was a World War II nickname for women who worked in factories and shipyards all across the country. The two women talked about here were not like Rosie. They, and four others, were working on a machine at the University of Pennsylvania, called ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). It was designed to do difficult calculations related to ballistics (弹道), but the war ended before ENIAC was put into use.

Work on it continued, though. The room-sized computer was completely electronic, so it should have been far faster than the other big war-time calculator, the Mark I, developed by IBM. The Mark I, driven by electricity, had moving parts that slowed it down but its instructions could be stored on a paper tape, which gave it a big advantage. In ENIAC, however, every calculation involved putting cables (电缆) into a board.

To program ENIAC, the women had to first analyze hundreds of equations (公式) involved in a particular calculation. Then, they determined which cables should go where, so the machine would do the right steps in the right order. They understood both mathematics and the machine.

Programming was in its early stage in the 1940s; in fact, the term, “to program95 came from the ENIAC team. Women held many of these early jobs. The six ENIAC programmers had been selected from a group of women with degrees in mathematics who worked on other big war-time calculators. Today, computer jobs are controlled by men. Women hold only a quarter of the tech jobs in the United States, though they account for half the workforce. Only 18 percent of computer science graduates today are women. Often the explanation is that girls don't like math, or don't do well in it, but the experience of these earlier women proves otherwise.

1. What can we learn about ENIAC from the first two paragraphs?

A．It was much more advanced than the Mark I.

B．It could do calculations of ballistics all by itself.

C．It was invented by the University of Pennsylvania.

D．It never served its original purpose during the war.

2. What did the women programmers do when working with ENIAC?

A．They stored instructions on a paper tape.

B．They corrected errors of a particular board.

C．They learned hundreds of equations by heart.

D．They decided where to put cables in calculations.

3. Which of the following will the author probably agree with?

A．Women were not so interested in computer science.

B．Women are good at computer programming like men.

C．Women are always in the minority of the workforce in US.

D．Women were not as well-accepted as men in programming jobs.

10 . 该题中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

On September 1939, Britain declared war on Germany after Germany invades Poland. The war, that lasted until 1945, is knowing as the Second World War. During the war, Germany occupied much countries, including France. The most important battles of the war in Europe was Operation Overland, the military operation in 1944 to invade France.

Operation Overland started when boats full with of soldiers landed on the beaches of Normandy in France, known as D-Day landings. More than 5,000 ships crossed the English Channel, carry 130,000 troops to the French coast.

The situation was so bad. However, the soldiers eventually made breakthrough and the D-Day landings were successfully.