1 . Yinxu (Ruins of Yin) is the ruins of the last capital of China’s Shang Dynasty (1600 BC―1046 BC). The capital served 255 years for 12 kings. It shows the golden age of early Chinese culture, crafts and sciences, a time of great prosperity during the Chinese Bronze Age(青铜时代).
Discovered in 1899, Yinxu is one of the oldest and largest archaeological sites(考古遗址) in China and is one of the historical capitals of China and is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It lies in central Henan Province, near the modern city of Anyang, and is open to the public as the Garden Museum of Yinxu. It is famous as the source of oracle bone script (甲骨文), the earliest recorded form of Chinese writing. The oracle bone script has recorded everything from dream explaining to events such as harvests, birth of a child, the weather, and the success of military campaigns.
Over 3,000 tombs, 2,200 pits, and 200 houses have been dug out at Yinxu. The large number of burial accessories found there shows the high level of the Shang crafts industry.
The site includes a main palace and an ancient tomb. Besides, there are a number of large buildings, at least 53 of which have been dug out.
Yinxu has seen many years of research, first studied by the Academia Sinica in the late 1920s to the early 1930s and most recently by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
1. During which of the following periods may Yinxu have been the capital of Shang Dynasty?| A．1600 BC—1500 BC. | B．1500 BC—1200 BC. |
| C．1300 BC—1046 BC. | D．1050 BC—850 BC. |
| A．was the last capital of China’s Shang Dynasty | B．proved the failure of Shang Dynasty |
| C．was discovered in the 1920s | D．can be visited by the public now |
| A．It was discovered in Yinxu. |
| B．It is the earliest form of Chinese writing. |
| C．Many things were recorded using it. |
| D．It is important for studying the Shang Dynasty. |
a. craft
b. gold
c. oracle bone script
d. tombs
e. bronze
f. houses
g. accessories
| A．afg | B．bed |
| C．bdg | D．ace |
2 . On December 22, 1775, two of Washington’s soldiers brought a prisoner to his headquarters (司令部). Washington thanked the soliders, then gave an order that the prisoner was to be left alone and that the soldiers were to shoot if the man tried to escape. But when the door was closed, Washington smiled.
The man standing in front of him was John Honeyman, one of the general’s most trusted men. In early November, Washington had given Honeyman orders to travel with the British army as a servant and to stay with it until he had something to tell. Honeyman now had important information. He described the situation in Trenton, giving the exact number and position of the troops there.Trenton was held by several companies (连队) of Hessians (雇佣军). The Hessians were not English soldiers.They were Germans who had been hired by the British to fight in America. According to Honeyman, the Hessians fought only for money. They had done nothing to build up their defences in Trenton. Now they were busy planning a big Christmas celebration.
Washington immediately made a daring plan. He chose Christmas Day for an attack on Trenton. At ten o'clock next morning, the attack was over. The Americans won a great victory.
1. Why did Washington smile when the door was closed?| A．Because he was glad to catch the prisoner. |
| B．Because the man was one of his most trusted men. |
| C．Because he had caught the most dangerous spy. |
| D．Because he knew the man very well. |
| A．Honeyman could make peace with the Brilhish soldiers. |
| B．He could let Honeyman have a pleasant trip. |
| C．He could catch more prisoners from the British army. |
| D．Honeyman could get important information for American. |
| A．America and Britain. |
| B．America and Germany. |
| C．Britain and Gennany. |
| D．Arnerica, Britain and Germany. |
| A．It could be that it was a lucky day. |
| B．It might be that it was the best Christmas gift for Britain. |
| C．It must be that after the day the enemy was to escape. |
| D．It could be that the enemy would enjoy their holiday but not prepare to fight. |
3 . Throughout July 1945, the Japanese mainland, from Tokyo on Honshu northward to the coast of Hokkaido, were bombed as if an invasion were about to take place. In fact, something far more threatening was at hand, as the Americans were telling Stalin at Potsdam (伯茨坦).
In 1939 physicists in the United States had learned of experiments in Germany showing the possibility of atomic power and understood the coming damage of an atomic bomb. On August 2, 1939, Albert Einstein warned President Roosevelt of the danger of Nazi Germany’s advances in development of the atomic bomb. Eventually, the U.S. Office of Scientific Research Development was created in June 1941 and given combined responsibility with the War Department in the Manhattan Project to develop a nuclear bomb. After four years of research and development efforts, an atomic device was set off on July 16, 1945, in a desert area at Alamogordo, New Mexico, producing an explosive power equal to that of more than 15,000 tons of TNT. Thus, the atomic bomb was born. Truman, the new U.S. president, believed that this terrible object might be used to defeat Japan in a way less costly of U.S. lives than an ordinary invasion of the Japanese homeland. Japan’s unsatisfactory reply to the Allies’ Potsdam Declaration decided the matter.
On August 6, 1945, an atomic bomb, carried from Tinian Island in the Mariana in a specially equipped B-29 was dropped on Hiroshima, at the southern end of Honshu. The combined heat and explosion destroyed everything in the explosion’s immediate neighbourhood , produced fires that burned out almost 4.4 square miles completely, and killed between 70,000 and 80,000 people, in addition to injuring more than 70,000 others. A second bomb dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, killed between 35,000 and 40,000 people, injured a like number and ruined 1.8 square miles.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?| A．An atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. |
| B．After research and development efforts, an atomic bomb was born. |
| C．An invasion was about to take place with the use of the atomic bomb. |
| D．The birth and use of the atomic bomb ended the Second World War. |
| A．Nazi Germany’ success in making an atomic bomb |
| B．the possibility of atomic power from Nazi Germany |
| C．Japan’s unsatisfactory reply to the Allies’ Potsdam Declaration |
| D．destruction of everything from the explosion of the atomic bomb |
| A．Truman’s becoming the president of the United States. |
| B．The great destruction power of the atomic bomb. |
| C．Reducing the cost of its lives. |
| D．Not being content with Japan’s reply. |
| A．Between 105,000 and 120,000 people. |
| B．Between 35,000 and 40,000 people. |
| C．Between 70,000 and 80,000 people. |
| D．Between 140,000 and 150,000 people. |
