1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Vikings, whose ancestors came from Scandinavia, were the first Europeans     1    (reach) America. They had lived in many places of northern Europe. In 982 AD, a man     2    (call) Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because of a murder, for     3    he got into trouble. Eric discovered Greenland and persuaded some people     4    (settle) in Greenland. Eric set sail again, but only half of the ships made     5    to Greenland this time.

Later a man, Biarni set sail from Iceland in search     6     Eris’s party. But he     7    (blow) off course and found himself in an unknown land, from where he     8    (eventual) reached Greenland.

In the year 1002, Leif, Eric the Red’s son, followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to     9    is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada. He also discovered Newfoundland. Actually, Eric the Red and Leif’s     10    (deed) are the first records we have of Europeans sailing to the Americas.

2 . 语篇填空

The Vikings,a group of people     1     ancestors came from Scandinavia, were the first Europeans     2     (reach) America. In 982 AD, there were 10,000 Vikings living in Iceland. It was said that Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder,     3     which he got into trouble. He reached Greenland and then returned to Iceland and told people about Greenland. Later, he set sail again, with 25 ships,     4     which only 14 made it to Greenland. A man called Biarni was hoping to join his father     5     was with Eric, but he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land,     6     which he reached Greenland. In 1002, Eric the Red’s son Leif followed Biarni’s direction and sailed to the place     7     is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada. He then sailed     8     (far) south to an island now known     9     Newfoundland. We know about their deeds through stories     10     were written down centuries later in Norway and Iceland.

3 . 语法填空。

Code­named “Operation Overlord”， it was the     1     (large) combined sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being     2     (free) north­west Europe from German occupation. After waiting for the perfect     3     (combine) of weather, moon and tides, the date for the start of Operation Overlord     4     (set) for 6 June. With the commander’s order     5     (ring) in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D­Day.     6     dawn on 6 June, thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France. Meanwhile, thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy,     7     (protect) by fighter planes in the skies above them. The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach. Boats were hit and men drowned,     8     those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire. But, despite the high cost in human life, the D­Day landings were     9     success and were seen     10     (wide) as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.

5 . 语法填空（根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文）

On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863, Abraham Lincoln mounted a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. He was there in memory of the    1    (die)soldiers. The place was the site of a recent battle     2    thousands of soldiers had died.

At that time, America was    3     (bitter) divided. For two years, its people had been deep in a civil war. The Union side won but    4    a great cost. Over 50,000 soldiers    5     (kill)or wounded, and people lost hope and purpose.

Lincoln understood the feelings of the civilian people. His speech gave them hope, belief and a reason     6     (look) to the future. He gave them    7    new vision of what the United States of America should be     8     (base)on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before. It was what the soldiers had died for. Now it was up to the    9     (live) to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the    10     (equal)of humankind.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He made seven historic voyages to Asia and Africa. Thanks to frequent friendly     1     (exchange) between China and foreign countries, Zheng He successfully     2     （promote）friendship between China and Southeast Asian countries to new heights. From 1403 to 1424, the number of envoys（使者）visit China a record 318 times,     3     average of 15 times a year.

Zheng He’s fleet traveled from the Western Pacific through the Indian Ocean to West Asia and the east coast of Africa,     4     （involve） three oceans and providing valuable records for the history of Chinese navigation（航海）. His voyages,     5     happened earlier than the Westerners’ Voyages of Discovery, came 87 years before Columbus, 92 years before Vasco da Gama, and 116 years before Magellan’s     6     （arrive） in the Philippines.

Sadly, many of the official Chinese records of these voyages were destroyed     7     his death. Zheng He’s rightful place in Chinese history     8     （confirm） by Deng Xiaoping in 1984. Following a more realistic evaluation of Zheng He’s achievements by scholars East and West, his standing as one of the     9     (great) maritime explorers of all time has at last been     10     (firm) recognized worldwide.

7 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word or phrase that best fits each blank.

World Media Praise Rio Olympics Ceremony

Media throughout the world celebrate the spectacular ceremony put on by Brazil to mark the opening of the Rio Olympics,    1    the serious political and economic difficulties faced by the country.

Many focus on the impressively colorful display    2    （use） to highlight Brazil's history, culture and natural beauty.

The Washington Post also emphasizes the "high appeal" of the ceremony in spite of the "gutted budget" the organizers had to work with.

And The Wall Street Journal hails the "flair"    3    marked the opening ceremony,    4    this was "less grandiose" than the ones staged for recent Games in Beijing and London.

In the Russian media, there is applause for what Brazil has managed    5    （achieve） on such a limited budget.

The R-Sport news agency declares that Brazil has found "happiness from poverty",    6    the news website Lenta.ru says that though the opening ceremony was modest compared to    7    for previous Games, "it was filled with a carnival atmosphere and a Brazilian flair."

In Brazil itself, the media expresses its pride in the way    8    the opening ceremony was handled.

Argentina's La Nacion highlights an "emotional opening ceremony",    9    Colombia's EL Espectador focuses on the colorfulness of the event and singles out one of its main themes: concern for environmental issues.

In Spain, EL Pais says that the ceremony celebrates Brazil's diversity and vitality, and notes that the country finally has a reason to feel proud of    10    it can achieve.

8 . 语法填空

Cholera was a deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure     1     (understand). So thousands of     2     (terrify) people died when there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to solve     3     problem. He knew that cholera would not be controlled     4     its cause was found.

He became interested in two theories     5     possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera     6     (multiply) in the air. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease     7     their bodies with their meals.

John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready    8     (begin) his enquiry. With all the evidence he gathered, John Snow was able to announce with     9     (certain) that polluted water carried the virus.     10     (final) “King Cholera” was defeated.