2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。

For centuries, people dreamed about leaving Earth and travelling to other worlds. Then, in 1957, the Soviet Union     1    （make） the first small step into space     2     sending up a small satellite called Sputnik.

Early space activities were conducted     3    （main） by the United States and the Soviet Union. But as time went by, Europe and Japan also learned how to build     4    （they）own satellites and rockets. Today, countries such as China, India, South Korea, Israel and Brazil are also developing space industries.

During the last 60 years, unmanned probes（探测器）have been sent towards many of the planets     5    （exist） in the Solar System. Many space observatories, such as the Hubble Space Telescope, have been created to look at the     6    （distance） universe. They have sent back some amazing pictures taken in visible（可见的）light. And they can also observe stars that are invisible to human eyes. The flood of     7    （discovery）has changed the way we look at the universe.

More than 500 people have flown in space since Yuri Gagarin paved the way in 1961. 20 people have travelled to the moon, 12 of     8     have walked on the moon. So far, space stations       9    （build）, and astronauts have learned to live and work in space for many months     10       even years.

3 . Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.

American Mikah Meyer has an unusual goal. He wants to visit all of the more than 400 properties operated by the National Park Service.

He spent January 2017 visiting historic areas in the southeastern United States.

One of his first stops was Fort Sumter,     1     former military position in waters just off the coast of Charleston, South Carolina. Fort Sumter is famous for being the place where the first shot of the Civil War     2    (fire). It is also     3     the first person killed in the conflict died.

After years of rising tensions between Northern and Southern states, the two sides clashed in Charleston Harbor on April 12, 1861. That was when the Southern army launched an artillery attack on Fort Sumter. Federal troops surrendered the fort a short time later. Union forces eventually fought     4    (regain) control of the base, and defeated the South in 1865. A lone cannon symbolizes the fierce battle that took place on April 12, 1861, when Confederate artillery opened fire on this federal fort in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, marking it     5     the day when the Civil War began.

As he stood inside the large walls of Fort Sumter National Monument, Mikah Meyer looked across the water to the port at Charleston. He imagined what the area must have looked like more than a century and half ago. “You’ll see across that bridge, Charleston, South Carolina. It was under siege at one point for 17 months. There were cannons that     6     fire from where I'm standing on the fort all the way to the old town...” Meyer also visited the Charles Pinckney National Historic Site in South Carolina. There he had a chance to learn about Charles Pinckney, who helped write — and was a signer of — the U.S. Constitution. Charles Pinckney was 29 years old when he helped draft the United States Constitution,     7     he signed as a representative of South Carolina. He dedicated his considerable political and legal talents to     8    (establish) a strong national government. “Some people call him our forgotten founding father, but he was a political figure of early America who helped shape     9     our eventual constitution ended up looking like...” The National Park Service helps care for what remains of Pinckney’s former home and farm. Park service workers tell the stories of 18th-century plantation life for free and enslaved people.

During his travels in January, Meyer had a surprise. Barack Obama, in his last few days as president, named a new national park site in Beaufort, just south of Charleston. It is called the Reconstruction Era National Monument. The Reconstruction Era National Monument will help tell the story of post-Civil war America.

The Reconstruction Era     10    (stretch) from 1861 to 1898. It was a period when Americans struggled with the treatment of newly freed African Americans. The new national monument will help tell that story.

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The celebrations with the military parade for China's 70th anniversary（周年纪念日）on National Day have clearly shown     1     this nation has developed quickly with confidence in the system     2     (adopt) under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC).

On the one hand, National Day     3     (say) that China at 70 has achieved scientific and technological developments. On the other hand, it also reminded     4     (we) of the suffering the country experienced after the Opium War of 1840.

The parade also told the     5     (story) of "Made in China" and "Created in China". The achievements did not fall     6     the sky and nor were they stolen. Instead, they were the result of the hard work,    7    (wise) and courage of the Chinese people.

Under the leadership of the CPC, the Chinese people have created     8     miracle in 70 years. The truth of socialism with Chinese characteristics     9     (prove) by history and practice to be a correct path. It has become evident that China will     10     （sure）achieve the goal of the great renewal of the Chinese nation.

5 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The biggest house of cards, the longest tongue, and of course, the tallest man: these are among the thousands of records logged in the famous Guinness Book of Records. Created in 1955 after a debate     1     (concern) Europe's fastest game bird,     2     began as a marketing tool sold to pub landlords     3     (promote) Guinness, an Irish drink, became the bestselling copyright title of all time (a category that excludes books such as the Bible and the Koran). In time, the book would sell 120 million copies in over 100 countries— quite a leap from its humble beginnings.

In its early years, the book set its sights on     4     (satisfy) man's inborn curiosity about the natural world around him. Its two principal fact finders, twins Norris and Ross McWhirter, moved wildly around the globe to collect facts. It was their task to find and document aspects of life that can be sensed or observed, things that can be quantified or measured. But not just any things. They were only interested in superlatives: the biggest and the best. It was during this period     5     some of the remarkable Guinness Records were documented, answering such questions as "What is the brightest star?" and "What is the biggest spider?"

Once aware of the public's thirst for such knowledge, the book's authors began to branch out to cover increasingly doubtful, little-known facts. They started documenting human achievements as well. A forerunner for reality television, the Guinness Book gave people     6     chance to become famous for accomplishing odd, often pointless tasks. Records were set in 1955 for consuming 24 raw eggs in 14 minutes and in 1981 for the fastest solving of a Rubik's Cube (which took a mere 38 seconds). In 1979 a man yodeled(用真假嗓音交替唱) non-stop for ten and a quarter hours.

In its latest appearance, the book has found a new home on the internet. No longer     7     (restrict) to the limits of physical paper, the Guinness World Records website contains seemingly innumerable facts concerning such topics as the most powerful combustion(燃烧) engine, or the world's longest train. What is striking, however, is that such facts are found sharing a page with the record of the heaviest train to be pulled     8     a beard.

Originating as a simple bar book, the Guinness Book of Records     9     (evolve) over decades to provide insight into the full range of modern life. And although one may be     10     (likely) now to learn about the widest human mouth than the highest number of casualties in a single battle of the Civil War, the Guinness World Records website offers a telling glimpse into the future of fact-finding and record-recording.

6 . 语法填空

The distance between ancient Rome and ancient China was about 4,000 miles by land. It was a very     1    (danger) trip with deserts and mountains. The Silk Road was a nickname for any route     2    any trader took from China to Rome.

For a very long time, the ancient Romans did not know who was making the wonderful cloth     3    (call) silk. They tried to find the traders as they came into villages to trade other goods for silk, but the traders     4    (hide) from the Romans. Therefore, they had to trade for     5    themselves. The trading along the Silk Road was a relay system. One trader would travel     6    a while, stop and trade, and return home. The next trader would continue.        And so it went. But     7    (actual) no trader made the whole trip. It was too risky.

As the years went by, a civilization of sorts grew up along the Silk Road. Temples appeared. There were even     8    (city) built on the rare oasis (绿洲). It was never easy    9    (travel) by land from China to Rome, but it was worth it. Romans traded gold for China’s silk and spices. But     10    (many) things traveled the Silk Road than traders and goods. Ideas that changed the world traveled along the Silk Road as well.

7 . The Battle of Chancellorsville, one of the most famous battles of the Civil War, took place in Virginia in the spring of 1863. For months, the two armies had been staying on opposite banks of a narrow river. The Confederate(南方联盟) troops were led by perhaps     1     (honored) military tactician(战略家) in American history, General Robert E. Lee. The Union (北方联盟)soldiers were led by “Fighting” Joe Hooker.

In appearance, personality, and lifestyle, these men were nearly perfect opposites. Lee, an older man in poor health with a gray beard, had a solemn, measured character. Hooker was a blond, broad-shouldered young man     2     pride over his appearance was but one aspect of his self-centeredness. Whereas Lee was loyal and principled, Hooker was known for his rollicking enjoyment of both women and whiskey.

Despite the fact that the Confederacy     3     (win) the last four major battles and the Union soldiers were starving,     4     (exhaust), and demoralized, Hooker proclaimed, “My plans are perfect. And when I start to carry them out,     5     God have mercy on Bobby Lee, for I shall have none.” Why was Hooker so confident?

Hooker had used spies, analysts, and even hot air balloons to compile a vast amount of intelligence about Lee’s army. He had already been aware, for example,     6     Lee had only 61,000 men to Hooker’s own 134,000. Supported by his superior numbers, Hooker secretly moved 70,000 of his men fifteen miles up and across the river, and then ordered them to sneak back down to position themselves     7     Lee’s army. In effect, Hooker had cut off the Confederate soldiers in front and behind. They were trapped. Satisfied with his advantage, Hooker became convinced that Lee’s only option was to retreat to Richmond, thus     8     (assure) a Union victory.

Yet Lee, despite his disadvantages of both numbers and position, did not retreat. Instead, he moved his troops into position to attack. Union soldiers who tried to warn Hooker that Lee was on the offensive     9     (dismiss) as cowards. Having become convinced that Lee had no choice but     10     (retreat), Hooker began to ignore reality. When Lee’s army attacked the Union soldiers at 5:00 p.m., they were eating supper, completely unprepared for battle. They abandoned their rifles and fled as Lee’s troops came shrieking out of the brush, bayonets drawn. Against all odds, Lee won the Battle of Chancellorsville, and Hooker’s forces withdrew in defeat.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Woodblock printing first appeared in the early Tang period. During the Song dynasty, the technique of block printing was very advanced. Books were     1    (beautiful) printed. Even today the books     2    (print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors.

However, block printing     3    (be) not very convenient. Every two pages of a book had to be carved on a woodblock, and a big book would require many blocks. Besides, there had to be large places for storing the books.     4     (overcome) these shortcomings, Bi Sheng invented the movable type during the years between 1041 and 1048. One word was carved on one piece of clay,     5     was hardened with fire. Then clay characters were set on     6     iron plate according to the text of a book. Then ink was applied to them and     7    (sheet) of paper spread over them, and the printing was done. Bi Sheng’s invention made printing faster and     8    (easy) than before. Later, movable type of metal and wood was made and widely used.

The technique of printing was gradually known to other Asian countries and Europe. The great influence printing had     9    the advance of civilization is too clear to need any     10    (explain).

9 . More than 2000 years ago, the brave and hardworking people of Eurasia explored and opened up several routes of trade and     1    (culture) exchanges that linked the major civilizations of Asia, Europe and Africa, collectively    2    (call) the Silk Road by later generations. For thousands of years, the Silk Road spirit—“peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness(包容性), mutual(相互的) learning and mutual benefit”—    3    (pass) from generation to generation. In the 21^st century, a new period marked by    4    theme of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit. It is more important    5    us to carry on the Silk Road Spirit in face of the weak    6    (recover) of the global economy, and complex international situations.
When Chinese President Xi Jinping    7    (visit) Central Asia in September 2013, he raised the idea of     8    (build) the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21^st-Century Maritime Silk Road,    9    have attracted close attention from all over the world. The Belt and Road Initiative is a systematic project, whose goal is    10    (meet) the interests of all, and efforts should be made to combine the development strategies of the countries along the Belt and Road.