1. Who does the organization of Law Society represent?
A.Native people. | B.Lawyers in Britain. |
C.Non-humans. | D.Children in Wales. |
A.They focus on better ways to tackle climate change. |
B.They forbid other creatures to use trees for food or shelter. |
C.They recognize the legal rights of the whole natural system. |
D.They protect things humans find interesting like trees and pets. |
A.Defending native cultures by law. |
B.Using laws to protect nature. |
C.Fighting the loss of biodiversity. |
D.Using technology to protect the environment. |
China’s Good Samaritan Law (见义勇为法) Takes Effect
China’s Good Samaritan Law went into effect on October 1 to encourage people who are ready to help others. Under the law, people who voluntarily offer emergency assistance to those who are, or who they believe to be, injured, ill or in danger, will not have civil responsibility in the event of harm to the victims.
The new law aims to ease the reluctance people feel toward helping strangers for fear of legal consequences if they make mistakes in treatment. It is a response to the phenomenon of people hesitating
There has been no shortage of cases
These cases
However, some experts are concerned
A. benefit B. displayed C. documentation D. elegantly E. improbable F. intrusive G. label H. lessen I. massive J. positively K. promotional |
Norway’s new law on edited photos
A new law in Norway makes it illegal for advertisers and social media influencers to share
The law concerns advertisers and people who receive “payment or other
The new law requires disclosures for edits made after the image was taken and before, such as Snapchat and Instagram filters that modify one’s appearance. Examples of edits that people who are being paid for pictures are required to
Body pressure, or “kroppspress” in Norway, is a major topic of conversation in the country, the Ministry of Children and Family Affairs said in its report. “Young people are exposed to a(n)
By prohibiting advertisers and influencers from posting such photos without proper
Some of Norway’s top influencers have already thought
4 . E-cigarettes Ban:Good news for Tobacco?
The proposed ban on flavored e-cigarettes may drive many Americans back to cigarettes,said Christopher Palmeri and Jeff Green in the Los Ange Times.
Responding to an outbreak of hundreds of serious lung illnesses from vapes(电子烟)that killed a seventh person this week, FDA(食物药品监管局)will outlaw everything but tobacco-flavored-cigarettes, as Michigan and New York state recently did. Flavors like buttered popcorn and mango helped create "an explosion" in teen vaping. But hundreds of thousands of teens already addicted to nicotine-and 9 million adults who vape--may simply replace vaping with tobacco products. By banning favored vapes the government may be "closing the shed door after the horse has gotten out."
Nobody vapes "because the flavor is so amazing," said David Marcus in The Federalist com. That's why the ban is so clueless."If kids want to taste bubble gum,they can buy,you know,bubble gum." Vaping giants like Juul need to be honest about the fact that they’re in the nicotine business, and monitor themselves accordingly. They should spend billions ensuring that stores don’t sell to minors instead of touting the "scientific conclusion"that e-cigarettes are safer than smoking. The burning involved in smoking cigarettes creates tar and a bunch of chemicals not present in e-cigarettes' watery vapor. True, but nicotine is also a dangerous and addictive drug and vaping liquid itself contains chemicals that damage blood vessels(血管)."The idea of safe smoking" is"a lie," and the vaping industry's fruit- and candy-flavored pods" are proof of evil intent."
"The massive increase in teen vapers" is a reasonable concern, said Robert Gebelhoff in Washington Post.com.But the evidence suggests that the lung illnesses that led the government to act were caused by black-market products cut with dangerous substance.Banning favored vapes will only drive more nicotine addicts and teens to the black market,which will be happy to provide fruity pods. Instead of banning flavors, the government "should empower the FDA to fully regulate the industry." That would let science,"not panic,guide our policy."
1. What led to the proposed ban on e-cigarettes?A.Popular flavors like mango led to teen nicotine addiction. |
B.The lack of proper legal supervision in the vaping industry. |
C.An increased number of deaths resulting from lung diseases. |
D.The sharp increase in the sale of unhealthy tobacco products. |
A.FDA would regulate the tobacco industry more effectively. |
B.The vaping industry would be more strictly monitored. |
C.The evil intent of the vaping industry would be revealed. |
D.The tobacco industry might regain its previous glory. |
A.Promoting | B.challenging | C.assuming | D.tolerating |
A.Supportive. | B.Disapproving | C.Uninterested | D.Impartial. |
5 . The teenage years of an individual is marked by evaluating one's values,experiencing a shift in outlooks,and a tendency to act rebellious. It can also be a time when someone becomes extremely
The issue of teenage curfews is widely debated in the United States, where this method is still rather
On the other hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure that rob young people of their rights,
What is important for a parent to remember when establishing a curfew for their children is that a teenager's misjudged view of certain
A.opposed | B.subjected | C.related | D.restricted |
A.improving | B.restoring | C.ensuring | D.expanding |
A.principle | B.reference | C.approach | D.efficiency |
A.popular | B.absent | C.practical | D.accessible |
A.Typical | B.Evident | C.Critical | D.Specific |
A.in place of | B.in honor of | C.in case of | D.in favor of |
A.results | B.events | C.patterns | D.links |
A.protecting | B.acknowledging | C.limiting | D.liberating |
A.officially | B.logically | C.particularly | D.physically |
A.By contrast | B.In addition | C.In conclusion | D.In general |
A.take charge of | B.contribute to | C.result from | D.deal with |
A.rules | B.charges | C.crimes | D.relations |
A.impolite | B.unrealistic | C.inadequate | D.unfair |
A.adopt | B.allow | C.avoid | D.address |
A.satisfy | B.spare | C.surround | D.settle |
6 . Progressives often support diversity missions as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.
A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender equality" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.
Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are less than 40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas(配额). If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.
The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in California, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which clearly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.
The US Supreme Court frowns on sex-based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest. Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".
But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?
The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.
Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.
Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women occupy multiple seats on a variety of boards.
Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity, remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feel good but do little to help average women.
1. The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will __________.A.help little to reduce gender bias. |
B.pose a threat to the state government. |
C.raise women's position in politics. |
D.greatly broaden career options. |
A.the harm from absolute board decision. |
B.the importance of constitutional guarantees. |
C.the pressure on women in global corporations. |
D.the needlessness of government interventions. |
A.the underestimation of elite women's role |
B.the objection to female participation on boards. |
C.the entry of unqualified candidates into the board. |
D.the growing tension between labor and management. |
A.Women's need in employment should be considered. |
B.Feasibility should be a prime concern in policy making. |
C.Everyone should try hard to promote social justice. |
D.Major social issues should be the focus of the government. |
7 . Financial regulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers responsible for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long-term decision-making not only by banks but also by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations.
“Short-termism” or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England’s top economist, Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economies, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “Children who pick the strawberries out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.
The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient(短期的) investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hold back a firm’s efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been called “quarterly capitalism”.
In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities( 股 票 ), quicker use of information, and thus shortens attention spans in financial markets. “There seems to be an advantage of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech this week.
In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to delay performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism.” In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that “a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance.
Much more could be done to encourage “long-termism,” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure(披露) of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.
Within companies, the right compensation design can provide motivation for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all shareholders. Britain’s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term.
1. According to Paragraph 1, one reason for imposing the new rule is the _______.A.enhance banker’s sense of responsibility |
B.help corporations achieve larger profits |
C.build a new system of financial regulation |
D.guarantee the bonuses of top executives |
A.indirect | B.negative |
C.favorable | D.temporary |
A.the obstacles to preventing “short-termism”. |
B.the significance of long-term thinking. |
C.the approaches to promoting “long-termism” |
D.the popularity of short-term thinking. |
A.Failure of Quarterly Capitalism |
B.Patience as a Corporate Virtue |
C.Decisiveness Required of Top Executives |
D.Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers |
8 . What happens when the right to know comes up against the right not to know? The ease of genetic testing has brought this question to light. Two
Both cases involve Huntington’s disease (HD). whose
In the British case,
The German case is in some ways the mirror image of the British one. Unlike in Britain, in Germany the right not to know genetic information is protected in law.
Both cases test a legal grey area. If the right to know is
It is the law’s job to
A.remarkable | B.distinct | C.contrasting | D.dominant |
A.consequences | B.symptoms | C.indications | D.diagnoses |
A.influenced | B.affected | C.inherited | D.annoyed |
A.scheduled | B.determined | C.approved | D.implemented |
A.possession | B.status | C.health | D.identity |
A.revealing | B.sharing | C.reminding | D.concealing |
A.convinced | B.suspicious | C.infected | D.positive |
A.Nevertheless | B.Thus | C.Additionally | D.Fundamentally |
A.in advance of | B.in the course of | C.at the close of | D.at the risk of |
A.inevitable | B.inextinguishable | C.incurable | D.intolerable |
A.as a result | B.after all | C.above all | D.in return |
A.financially | B.academically | C.legally | D.culturally |
A.on occasion | B.by comparison | C.in effect | D.for example |
A.reserve | B.balance | C.defend | D.draft |
A.lawmakers | B.victims | C.patients | D.doctors |
A ban on distracted walking
You can’t walk down the street without passing so-called ''smart-phone zombies(僵尸). '' They are too absorbed in their screen
Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those
Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban
To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, ''We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city
Under the fine systems.
The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians
If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid
10 . France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra (过分的)-thin models on runways.
The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “ encourage unreasonable thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.
Such measures ;have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultrathin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death - as some have done.
The bans, if fully carried out, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters (仲裁人) of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero.
The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.
In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules regarding the age, health, and. other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people.” The charter’s main tool of enforcement (执行) is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week, which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute.
Relying on moral persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help uplift notions (观念) of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.
1. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?A.Physical beauty would be redefined. |
B.New runways would be constructed. |
C.Websites about dieting would develop. |
D.The fashion industry would decline. |
A.heightening the value of | B.indicating the state of | C.losing faith in | D.doing harm to |
A.using extravagant material |
B.caring too much about models’ character. |
C.showing little concern for models’ health |
D.pursuing the perfect physical conditions of models |
A.The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry |
B.Beauty Is Skin-deep |
C.A Campaign for Promoting True Beauty in France |
D.A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals |