1 . A video of a three-year-old girl being kicked by her own mother during a photo shot went viral on Thursday, indicating China’s underperformance in regulating the emerging child modeling industry.

The girl, known as Niu Niu, was physically abused (虐待) by her mother in several videos. The videos have annoyed Chinese media and Internet users alike. Many netizens and scholars call for local authorities to carry out further investigations into possible child abuse.

In response to the public outcry (强烈抗议), Niu Niu’s mother issued an apology via Sina Weibo on Thursday, condemning accusations of abuse. She noted that she was merely guiding her daughter for better shots and the girl is well looked after.

Despite her apology, many E-shops which used Niu Niu’s images for brand promotion have canceled their cooperation with the mother, while over 110 well-known child garment shops on Taobao have signed up for a campaign to provide better protection for child models.

“It is necessary to adopt comprehensive laws and regulations to further protect the kids, preventing their parents and companies from exploiting them,” Fang Zhiqing, a lawyer and child protection expert, said.

Niu Niu is not alone. In Zhili, a small town in Zhejiang province, thousands of children from across China are taken here by their parents to seize the chance of fame. With a population of 450,000, Zhili has over 13,000 manufacturers of child clothing. In 2017.the town earned over 7 billion yuan by selling clothing for children online, thus providing opportunities for child models.

“China’s current advertisement law isn’t workable with respect to the industry of child modeling, as it lacks clear regulatory measures and clear legal punishment.” Fang added, “It is important to issue new laws which regulate child modeling.”

1. What caused the public outcry?

A．A girl being physically abused by her mother.

B．Problems in Chinese advertising industry.

C．Several cases of child abuse in recent China.

D．Videos showing how child models work.

2. What happened after the public outcry?

A．Local authorities have thoroughly looked into Niu Niu’s case.

B．Niu Niu’s mother admitted abusing her daughter.

C．Shops stopped their cooperation with the mother.

D．The online sales of child clothing are increasing.

3. Which opinion may Fang Zhiqing agree with?

A．China’s current advertisement law isn’t workable.

B．There are too many child models in China.

C．New economic laws should be issued in China.

D．China should regulate child modeling.

2 . Thanks to new rules, many students in Zhejiang and Heilongjiang provinces can now stay in bed longer than     1     .

On Feb 23, the Zhejiang Department of Education published a new guideline that     2     (allow) primary schools to start school later, reported Xinhua News Agency. According to the guideline, start     3     (time) could vary among different grades and seasons, with students in Grade 1 and 2 starting no     4     (early) than 8:30am.

    5     similar guideline was announced by the education department in Heilongjiang province on Feb 24. Now, senior high school students in the province are required     6     (get) to school at 7:30am at the earliest.

These changes are aimed     7     making sure students get adequate sleep and enough time for breakfast. Before the guideline     8     (publish), many primary school students in Zhejiang must arrive at school as early as 7 or 7:30am,     9    left many of them arriving     10     (feel) tired and hungry.

3 . They hide in trees, hang from helicopters, even follow people down on motorcycles—all so that they can snap a shot of a celebrity. They are paparazzi—photographers who make a living by taking pictures of the rich and famous.

This September, California, a state with plenty of celebrities, passed a law aimed at taking action against paparazzi. The law forbids photographers from entering private property to take pictures, from using high-tech devices to take pictures of people on private property, and from “persistently following in order to take a picture.” Violators can be fined or spend time in prison. The United State Congress is considering passing a similar law.

Supporters of the California law say it will protect the privacy of celebrities, whom paparazzi have been bothering for years. Opponents (反对者) say the law restricts photojournalists from doing their job.

Most celebrities seem to like having their pictures taken when they are in public at award shows or other events. After all, it’s free publicity. But when they’re not in public, they say, photographers should leave them alone. Yet paparazzi have been known to secretly look in windows and worse. Actor Michael J. Fox said that paparazzi have even “tried to pretend to be medical personnel at the hospital where my wife was giving birth to our son.”

Celebrities have as much right to their privacy as anyone else, supporters of the law state. Supporters further argue that the California law is a fair way to keep the press at bay, because the law still allows photographers to do their job. It only punishes them, supporters say, when they violate celebrities’ privacy.

Opponents of the law say it violates the First Amendment to the United States Constitution (美国宪法第一修正案), which guarantees that no laws will be made to limit “the freedom of speech, or of the press.”Although some people might not consider paparazzi a part of the legal press, the California law does not single out paparazzi. It applies to photographers working for any publication.

Opponents of the law are also concerned about its wording. “Does ‘persistently’ mean following someone for six minutes, six seconds, or six days?” asked lawyer Douglas Mirell. The wording of the law is too vague, critics complain, and could be used to punish almost any news photographer.

The United States needs a free press to keep the public informed about important news, paparazzi law opponents say. Limiting the press in any way, they argue, limits the freedom of all.

1. Which of the following will be considered illegal by the new California law?

A．Paparazzi slipping into the house of a famous person to take a shot.

B．Paparazzi taking photos of famous people with high-tech cameras.

C．Paparazzi hiring helicopters as a fast means of transportation.

D．Paparazzi rushing towards filming sites on motorcycles.

2. Supporters of the new law believe that ________.

A．it prevents the media from getting worse

B．it gives photographers a fair way to compete

C．punishment forces paparazzi to quit their job

D．privacy of famous people needs special protection

3. Opponents of the new law are concerned that _________.

A．it will violate paparazzi’s privacy

B．the First Amendment will be changed

C．some photographers will be wrongly accused

D．people will not be informed of important news

4. What is the author’s attitude towards the new California law?

A．Critical.

B．Neutral.

C．Approving.

D．Skeptical.

4 . Flying devices called drones(无人机) may be one of the most important technologies of the future.
The number of jobs for people who know how to design, build and control them is increasing. Because of this increase, several U.S. universities have started offering degrees in unmanned aircraft systems, or UAS.
One of these universities is the University of Washington in Seattle. Ward Handley is seeking a master’s degree in UAS at the university. When the drone program first began, he did not think it was a good idea. “Drones can be used to invade privacy(侵犯隐私).” He said. But later, Handley changed his opinion. He said, “I think there are good enough purposes for them.”
The FAA (the part of the U.S. government that controls air travel and traffic) is creating new rules to control the use of drones, however. A new law requires drone owners to register(登记) their drones. People who do not register their drones could face fines of up to US$20,000.
The new rules may also present problems for students. One problem is finding a legal place to fly.
Students at Blue Mountain Community College fly inside the college gym. In Seattle, University of Washington students test their drones in a big room.
Christopher Lum, a scientist at the University of Washington, helps students explore how drones can safely share the sky with regular aircraft. Lum explained why they test drones inside a building, “We need to register our aircraft and get permission to fly outside. That process can take months.”
At this time, Kansas State University is the only school with permission to offer unmanned aircraft flight classes to students outside. The FAA selected Kansas State University and 15 other universities to be part of a national research group.
Lum and some of his students recently moved their research to Australia. Australia has fewer rules limiting drones. A professor at Western Washington University also took his department’s drones to Canada for the same reason.
1. Degrees in UAS were created in several U.S. universities because of ________.

A．the increasing interest in the field

B．the increasing employment opportunities

C．the support from the government

D．the development of this technology

2. Why didn’t Handley think the drone program was a good idea at first?

A．Drones can be used for bad purposes.

B．The use of drones was very limited.

C．Few people can benefit from the program.

D．The university didn’t attach great importance to the program.

3. According to Lum, why does he teach flight classes inside a building?

A．It’s safer for the students.

B．It’s very expensive to register the aircraft.

C．It takes a very long time to get official permission.

D．He hasn’t got permission from the university.

4. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?

A．Australia is promoting the use of drones.

B．Kansas State University is the first to offer a UAS degree.

C．Australia has fewer rules than Canada to control the use of drones.

D．The U.S. has more rules than Canada to control the use of drones.

5 . We all know that some things are obviously right. For example, it is right to be _______ to other people. It is also right to look after the environment. Some things are_______ wrong, too. For instance, we should not hurt or bully (欺负) others, nor should we litter. Rules often tell us what is right or wrong.

Rules can help the public make the right _______, and remain safe. Car drivers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes. Cyclists who give signals before turning or stopping help prevent_______.

If people follow rules without taking other matters into consideration, it will be _______for them to form what is sometimes called a “black and white” view. For example, they may believe that people should always tell the truth, and that lying is_______ acceptable. Such people always stick to their views, even if it means that they may get into_______.

Sometimes it may not be so easy to know_______what is right or wrong. Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is _______ to eat animals, but others argue that they can eat meat and ________ be kind to animals; some insist that stealing is always wrong, but others think that one does not need to feel to________ when stealing some food to eat, if lives in a really poor area and he is________ . Rules help us live together in harmony, because they show us the right way to________ other. However, some people argue that rules may be ________, having observed that rules change all the time, and that some schools have some regulations and other have different ones — so who is to ________what is right?

1.

A．kind

B．sensitive

C．fair

D．generous

2.

A．equally

B．slightly

C．clearly

D．increasingly

3.

A．suggestion

B．conclusions

C．turns

D．choices

4.

A．accidents

B．mistakes

C．falls

D．deaths

5.

A．interesting

B．vital

C．easy

D．valuable

6.

A．seldom

B．rarely

C．merely

D．never

7.

A．trouble

B．power

C．prison

D．control

8.

A．roughly

B．eventually

C．deliberately

D．exactly

9.

A．awful

B．cruel

C．unhealthy

D．unnecessary

10.

A．still

B．even

C．later

D．somehow

11.

A．nervous

B．anxious

C．afraid

D．guilty

12.

A．begging

B．starving

C．growing

D．wandering

13.

A．follow

B．instruct

C．treat

D．protect

14.

A．disgusting

B．confusing

C．unsafe

D．unimportant

15.

A．predict

B．explain

C．decide

D．consider