1 . Today, an increasing (增加) number of people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. These people are called the “Heads-down Tribe (低头族)”. Are you a heads-down tribe member? Heads-down tribe members now can be seen everywhere.

More and more traffic accidents are happening because more drivers use mobile phones when they are driving. In order to make drivers pay more attention to driving, some new traffic rules have been made. For example, people who use mobile phones while driving in Taiwan are fined (罚款). Car drivers and motorcyclists who break the traffic rule will be fined NT $3, 000 and NT $1, 000 respectively (分别地). As we can see above, using mobile phones may cause accidents and even cost a lot of money.

Also, more and more interesting and strange facts happen to the “Heads-down Tribe”. Let’s have a look at an interesting TV report. A man in America kept using his mobile phone on his way home. As a result, he knocked into a big lost bear. When he lifted his eyes from the phone, he was so afraid that he turned around and ran away quickly. Another fact is that we can often see people in the restaurant eating face to face but looking at their own mobile phones. It’s strange that they don’t talk to the ones who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun communicating with others on the phone.

Mobile phones are helpful and necessary tools (工具) for modern life. Are mobile phones good or bad? It depends on how people use them. Let’s be “healthy” users and try to be the “Heads-up Tribe”.

4 . With the development of science, many inventions have changed our life. For example, since the cell phone _________ invented, it has done a lot for us. There is no doubt that the world has become _________ than before because of this invention. It’s much easier to get in _________ with our family and our friends living far away. We can use it to contact with people in any part of the world, and two friends can use cell phones _________ messages to each other. Their friendship will form in this way. And they can share happiness _________ each other all the time.

_________ cell phones help us a lot in our daily life, they bring us some problems, too. Using cell phones too often is bad for _________ health. They make too much noise that influences our life.

Students _________ have cell phones may use them to play games or send messages in class, because they are too young to control themselves. This will certainly do _________ bad to their study. So we should _________ the cellphones in a proper way.

Much of what we know and believe has been taught to us by others. We often accept information without spending much time     1     it over ourselves.

Nowadays, we are presented with lots of     2     ideas and beliefs (信念), but many of them are often contradictory (自相矛盾的). Psychologists (心理学家) tell us that if we hear about a specific belief enough times, or if it comes from someone we respect, we will probably decide that the belief is true. In these cases, we base our opinions on the opinions of     3    . If we don’t come to our own conclusions, we become nothing more than parrots.

Some people believe whatever they read and then share the story     4     the internet without thinking about the facts. All it takes is one quick click of the “share” button and the story travels on its     5     to influence more unthinking readers. This can cause serious problems.

If we think more about     6     we see and try to form our own opinions, we will be more thoughtful, independent and creative. But     7     of us take the time to do this. Becoming aware of this fact is the first step toward changing our behavior. Hopefully, we can learn to judge what we read     8     hear on our own and make more reasonable decisions.

Can you imagine life without smartphones and Wi-Fi? Most of us probably think it is     1    . However, in Green Bank, a small town in the U.S.A., people are living such a life.

Green Bank is home to a large radio telescope (射电望远镜). It is used to study the universe. Radio waves (无线电波) from the ground will     2     the work of the telescope. For this reason, residents (居民) there are not     3     to have smartphones, Wi-Fi, microwave ovens (微波炉), etc. They can only use a pay phone (公用付费电话) or a landline (固定电话)     4     they need to make phone calls.

Today, Green Bank has about 180 residents. Many of     5     actually don’t find life inconvenient. A boy said he liked going to his his friends’ houses to talk to them or share delicious food     6     them. Even if people are not at home, they can     7     find each other somewhere in this small town.

Another resident said she was happy to talk to people face-to-face. This gives her the     8     to shake their hands or give them a hug. She really enjoys living without smartphones and Wi-Fi.

Li Xiang, a junior 2 student, wishes he never got a mobile phone. Last week, he went to     1     a doctor because there was something wrong with his arms and fingers. The doctor told him that he had “mobile phone disease (疾病)”. Now, more and more teenagers are getting “mobile phone disease”     2     of using mobile phones.

Li Xiang got his mobile phone six months     3    . He sent messages to his friends with it all the time, even when going to bed. Li Xiang started to do badly     4     exams because he     5     too much time playing mobile phone games. His mom felt very     6     about him, but he didn’t stop playing with the mobile phone     7     his arms got hurt.

Yang Ling, a doctor, says that if someone plays his mobile phone too     8    , like Li Xiang, he will get “mobile phone disease”. If teenagers find their arms or fingers hurt (疼痛), they should go to see a doctor as soon as possible. Yang says teenagers should try to use their mobile phones less, especially at school.

Smartphones have become an important part of our daily lives. However, to protect younger students’ eyesight and make sure they focus on their studies, primary and middle schools will have more specific rules to limit students’ mobile phone use on campus.

The Ministry of Education released a notice in January that basically speaking, primary and middle school students can’t carry mobile phones to school and those who still require their phone for some reason must get their parents’ and teachers’ agreement and must hand their phones over during class time. The purpose of the notice is to improve students’ focus on study and fight addiction (沉迷) to the Internet and games.

According to a 2020 report by the China Internet Network Information Center, China had 150 million Internet users under the age of 18 in 2019, with 80 percent having their own mobile phones. This is worrying, as long-time use of smartphones harms children’s eyesight, cervical vertebrae (颈椎) and even the brain.

Many schools have taken actions to limit students’ phone use on campus. Some teachers ask their students to put their phones into a box to store them during class. And some students also agree with the new policy. They think there are more advantages than disadvantages. But some parents think it is unwise to take a “one size fits all” approach. We can’t simply cut students off from the Internet in the digital era. So it’s more important to cultivate (培养) kids’ ability to self-manage and develop good habits of phone usage.