A new study has found that all dogs have different personalities—even dogs of the same breed(品种).
Elinor Karlsson studies genetics at the University of Massachusetts. She co-wrote a report about the study, which appeared recently in the publication Science.
Karlsson said, “Every dog really is an individual,” noting that there is “a huge amount of difference” even between dogs that look the same.
At a New York dog park, dog owners talked about the different characteristics of their pets. Elizabeth Kelly owns an English springer spaniel. She called her dog friendly, but also “kind of the queen bee.” In other words, her dog likes to act like it is in charge of other dogs. Suly described her yellow Labrador as “calm, lazy and shy.”
The idea of dog breeds is quite recent. Around 160 years ago, humans began to breed dogs to have certain physical qualities, such as fur, color and ear shape.
Karlsson said her aim was to learn how much a dog’s breed affects their behavior. The answer? Breed does not decide an individual dog’s personality.
Karlsson’s team gathered information from 18,000 dog owners and studied the genetic code of over 2,000 dogs. The researchers found that some qualities are based on genetics. However, it is not sure that two dogs of the same breed will behave in the same way.
For example, huskies and beagles, may be more likely to howl—or make a long, loud barking sound. But many of these dogs do not howl, as owner observations showed.
12. What do we know about Karlsson’s report?
A.She wrote it by herself. |
B.It was published in Science. |
C.She finished it after graduation. |
D.It is of little value to her study. |
13. What does the underlined “
the queen bee” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.A bee that behaves busily. |
B.A dog whose name is Queen. |
C.A bee that serves the whole group. |
D.A dog acting as if it is the most important. |
14. What is the purpose of Elinor Karlsson’s study?
A.To help dog owners learn about their dogs better. |
B.To prove dog breeds determine their personalities. |
C.To study the relationship between dog breeds and behaviors. |
D.To show different dogs have different personalities. |
15. What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph?
A.All the dogs can make a long, loud barking. |
B.Dogs of the same breed can behave differently. |
C.Dogs’ owners may observe their pets carelessly. |
D.Huskies and beagles are not the same dog breed. |