【推荐1】The history of air conditioners(空调) started in the early days with the need to preserve food. The food    1    is kept at room temperature spoils easily due to the growth of bacteria. At temperature below 4℃, the growth of bacteria reduces    2    (rapid). As a result of the development in food refrigeration, other following applications include air conditioning and manufacturing processes.

The    3    (discover) of the principles of the absorption type of refrigeration in 1824 showed that liquefied ammonia(液氮) could cool air. At first, the commercially available use of air conditioning applications was based on the need to cool air for industrial processes rather than    4    (person) comfort. The first electrical air conditioning    5    (invent) by Willis Haviland Carrier in 1902. He was also known    6    the Father of Modern Air Conditioning.    7    (he) invention was designed to improve the manufacturing process of a printing factory. By    8    (control) the temperature, the process was made more efficient.

The Carrier Air Conditioning Company of America was set up by him    9    (meet) the demand of better productivity in the workplace. Today, Carrier Corporation is    10    biggest air conditioner manufacturer and marketing corporation in the world in central air conditioning.

【推荐2】Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The rainforests are alive with the sound of animals. Besides the pleasure of the noise, it is useful to ecologists. Listening out for animal calls is considered a method of measuring the biodiversity of a piece of land.     1     it is much easier than digging under the bushes looking for tracks, such analysis is time-consuming. It also requires     2     expert pair of ears.

In a paper published in Nature Communications, a group of researchers led by Jörg Müller, an ecologist at the University of Würzburg, describe a better way: have a computer do the job. Smartphone apps already exist through     3     the sounds of birds or mammals (哺乳动物) can be identified.

The researchers took recordings from across 43 sites in the Ecuadorean Rainforest (厄瓜多尔雨林). Some sites were relatively primitive, old-growth forests. Others were areas that     4     (clear) for pasture (牧场) already. Sound recordings were taken four times every hour, over two weeks. The various calls were identified manually by an expert, and then used to construct a list of the species present. As expected, the longer the land had been free from agricultural activity, the more significant the biodiversity it hosted.

Then it was the computer’s turn. The researchers fed their recordings to     5     (train) AI models, using sound samples from elsewhere in Ecuador, to identify 75 bird species from their calls. They found the AI tools could identify the sounds as well as the experts.

Not everything in a rainforest makes a noise. Having used light-traps to capture night-flying insects and DNA analysis     6     (identify) them, Dr Müller and his colleagues found the diversity of noisy animals was a reliable indicator for the diversity of the quieter     7    , too.

The results may have relevance outside ecology departments, too. Under pressure     8     their customers, some make-up companies and oil firms have been spending money on forest restoration projects. Dr Müller hopes an automated approach to     9     (check) on the results could help monitor such efforts. This method would also provide a standardized way to measure     10     they are working as well as their sponsors say.

【推荐1】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China launched its     1    (one) independent Mars mission (任务) on July 23 at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan,     2    (open) the nation’s planetary exploration   program.

If everything goes according to schedule, the 5-ton Tianwen 1 (天问1号),     3    consistsof two major parts, the orbiter and the lander, will travel more than 400 million km over some seven months     4    entering the Martian gravitational (引力) field.

The entire landing operation is expected to take about 7 minutes, which     5    (call) by experts “the     6    (risky) moment” of a Mars landing mission. After a certain period   of preparations, the lander will     7    (gradual) unlock the rover (火星车) to allow it to move onto the Martian surface.

Research on the Red Planet is also meaningful to studying the history and     8    (evolve) of Earth, space scientists said.

Tianwen,     9    Quest for Heavenly Truth, is a long poem by famous ancient poet Qu       Yuan of the Kingdom of Chu during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC). He is known for his patriotism and contributions to classical poetry and verses. Naming the mission after the poem was intended     10    (show) China’s determination to explore deep space and to implant the love of science in young people.

【推荐2】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

One of the bigger misunderstandings about China’s tech market is that China is all about copying and stealing ideas. But if that was ever the case, it    1    (certain) isn’t now. China entrepreneurs (企业家)    2    (prove) that they can innovate (创新).In fact, they’ve become so good at     3     that the West is now copying their ideas.

Here are a few examples. Facebook borrowed some ideas    4    WeChat’s messaging app when     5    U. S. social media giant introduced group chats and private messaging. In bike-sharing, a similar transfer occurred. LmeBike copied China’s two major bike-sharing     6    (company) , Ofo and Mobike.

China gained an advantage by being able to leapfrog (跳过， 避开) some older,    7    (west) technologies and go straight to new tech such as QR codes, to electric vehicles, to high-speed trains, to mobile payments, and superapps that combine all these functions.We are entering a new stage    8     separate universes are being created. This    9    (cause) by China’s fast rise, and a     10     (grow) gap between the U. S. and China on technology innovations that matter for the future.