The 5-year-old mountain lion, P-45, has managed to cross busy roads safely, has avoided rat poison and has successfully claimed his territory (领地) under all challenges that have hindered other members of the mountain lion population in the Santa Monica Mountain. His deadly mistake, however, was doing what mountain lions naturally do so well: killing and eating.
Over the weekend, P-45 apparently broke into two farms, killing 10 alpacas(羊驼) at one property and a goat and an alpaca at the other. P-45 was identified as the criminal by a tracking device he wears.
It’s illegal to hunt mountain lions in California thanks to 1990’s Proposition 117, but the rule included an exception for residents whose livestock is killed by a lion. And on Nov. 28, the owner of the 10 dead alpacas requested and received a special “depredation permit” (掠夺许可)to hire a hunter to kill P-45. The 10-day permit allows the hunter to cover a 10-mile range around the farm in search of the lion. Hunters often attract the lion with a deer.
The farmer owner is within her legal rights to have the lion killed. But killing P-45 is not the answer, especially when he is one of the few adult male mountain lions in an isolated population that is at risk of extinction.
Of course, people should be allowed to protect themselves and their children if a mountain lion attacks. But the law that allows the issuance of the depredation permit essentially gives the livestock owner the right to decide whether the lion should live or die. There is no evaluation by wildlife official as to whether the lion poses a further threat to humans or animals.
Los Angeles residents are lucky to live near wild, open spaces large enough to sustain mountain lions. Surely there is a better way to manage the conflicts that arise when humans and their domestic animals move into areas that have long served as habitat for wildlife.
1. What does the underlined word “hindered” refer to in the first paragraph?| A．blocked. | B．killed. |
| C．protected. | D．surrounded. |
| A．Lions feed only on deer. |
| B．P-45 will be killed on Nov. 28. |
| C．P-45 will be found10 miles around the farm in 10 days. |
| D．Lions in California can not be hunted at will. |
| A．Residents can live with lions peacefully. |
| B．The mountain lion’s situation will probably be worsened. |
| C．The conflict between man and lions can be solved. |
| D．Lions will not be a further threat to humans or animals. |
| A．Objective. | B．Supportive. |
| C．Opposed. | D．Uninterested. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】When your child begins to beg for a pet, you may draw back at the thought of the additional responsibilities. Parents usually think of all the work and responsibility having a pet could bring about.
● Teach responsibility.
A family pet can help show children the importance of proper care in keeping their new friend happy and healthy.
● Encourage exercise.
If you’ve ever been forced to keep up with a young dog or cat, you know how tiring it can be!
Teaching your child how to “play nice” with and show affection to another living being is an essential first step toward developing lifelong empathy (共情) for others. Learning how to be a good friend with a pet will teach one how to be more open and friendly to other people as well.
● Be practical.
While the benefits of pet ownership are clear, pets are definitely not for everybody. Raising pets requires a large amount of work and responsibility. You’d better make sure the whole family is aware of the requirement that come along with the pet.
| A．Treat others well. |
| B．Form a close bond with a friend. |
| C．Pets are great for helping "“break the ice”. |
| D．But you can use the pet’s energy to your advantage. |
| E．Also, some pets can be very aggressive with children. |
| F．All pets need to be fed, given fresh water, and exercised regularly. |
| G．However, allowing kids to keep a pet can teach you both some important lessons. |
【推荐2】From my kitchen windows, I watch colorful birds responding for black-oiled sunflower seeds, split peanuts, and cut grapes and apples on the ground. The scene is delightful and calming.
About three years ago, I noticed a newcomer to this colorful and happy display. It was a baby chipmunk（花栗鼠）, obviously on its own. Over that summer, I watched it grow. The brown and black stripes（条状）on its back darkened. The next summer, it was back, and I wondered whether it would trust me to feed it by hand or let me pet it. I decided to employ the tricks I used to persuade wild cats to come close for food: patience, a soft voice, slow moves and repetition. Before it would approach, I’d put down its favorite food--sunflower seeds, bend over and keep very still. I’d leave my open hand in place, unmoving, so the animal would know I wouldn’t seize it. I continued doing this for a few weeks. Finally, late in that second summer, it did show more trust. One day as I offered a seed on my fingertips, it approached and carefully took the seed into its mouth. It never bit my fingers. I was elated that we had made a breakthrough of trust. After about two months of this routine, I went further. With one finger, I petted its back once, but it didn’t move away. I then petted with two fingers. Again, it stayed put, eating seeds.
Today, the Chipmunk comes out of hiding when I call its name, and lets me pet its soft, silky body. Whenever I am doing this, I feel calmer. To my surprise, I also feel a sense of greater respect for nature and its creatures and the opportunity to observe, protect and save wildlife. Most of all, I’ve saved the wonderful memories gathered during these glorious summer months in my Long Island garden.
1. What did the writer do before the Chipmunk trusted him enough to get closer?| A．Petted its back. | B．Offered it food. |
| C．Called its name. | D．Watched it play |
| A．disappointed | B．excited |
| C．frightened | D．puzzled |
| A．A furry friend and a bond of trust | B．A lovely animal and an adventure |
| C．A stress reliever and a calm mind | D．A newcomer and its protection |
【推荐3】Britain has a stubborn enemy called the “devil plant”, the Japanese knotweed (虎杖). The name originated in Japan, but it became a promoter behind a plant disaster in Britain. Initially it was introduced to England as a landscape plant. However, over time it has evolved into a harsh plant difficult to control.
The plant is disreputable (坏名声的) mainly because of its strong ability to survive. The Japanese knotweed can grow at an amazing speed. What’s more, Japan’s knotweed is penetrating. As long as you give it a small gap, it can follow it and make rapid growth. This gap may be a crack in the road, or a wall crack in the house, and even some Japanese knotweed will start to grow from the foundation of the house, gradually “destroy” the whole house. Such an invasion (入侵) is a nightmare for the British. The British simply love and hate the plant, but so far, they are still unable to find an effective way to remove it.
Fortunately, China’s knotweed is not identical to Japan’s, and in the China’s ecosystem, there are many natural enemies against it. As a result, China has not experienced a knotweed invasion as severe as Britain. Additionally, its tender stem can be made into delicious food. The root of knotweed is a very good Chinese medicine. Therefore, in some places there’s also a need to plant knotweed, to obtain economic benefits.
This case gives us a profound inspiration that it is important to be careful when introducing alien species and to fully understand the characteristics of plants or animals and the effects they may cause in a new environment, otherwise it may be easy to spend a huge amount of money every year to clean up the Japanese knotweed, as in the UK.
1. Why did Britain bring in Japanese knotweed at first?| A．To make profits. | B．For decoration. |
| C．For scientific research. | D．To promote biodiversity. |
| A．Fading away. | B．Dying out. |
| C．Multiplying rapidly. | D．Growing steadily. |
| A．China’s ecosystem is not damaged by knotweed. |
| B．Knotweed is in great demand in the whole China. |
| C．Knotweed has made most of the Chinese people rich. |
| D．Chinese medicine includes knotweed’s stems and roots. |
| A．A Natural Phenomenon We Know |
| B．A Plant That People Love and Hate |
| C．Alien Species’ Effect on the Local Economy |
| D．The Fight Against Invasive Plants and Animals |
【推荐1】According to a survey, more young people are killed each year by sleepy drivers than by drunk drivers. This proves one thing. Getting enough sleep can be tough. How are we dealing with the problem? Sleep clinics (诊所) are appearing all over the United States.
Driving when tired can be very dangerous. During the daytime, over half of drivers report feeling sleepy at some point. At night, over 80 percent drivers sometimes get drowsy (昏睡的). And here is the most frightening of all.
What is going on here? One thing is that people are not getting enough sleep. One person out of three gets by on less than six hours a night. Lots of people have trouble falling asleep.
What if you are a person with real sleeping problems? What if you have tried all the home remedies (治疗法) like hot milk? You might consider going to a sleep clinic.
| A．Here are some facts to remember. |
| B．Many such clinics look for volunteers. |
| C．Too much sleep may make you tired as well. |
| D．Sleep is part of a person’s daily activity cycle. |
| E．They are always working to find out more about sleep. |
| F．Others fall asleep easily, but then wake up time after time. |
| G．Almost one-quarter of all drivers have fallen asleep at the wheel. |
The International Student Center has heard of several frauds(诈骗) that are targeting international students. Someone may call and say that they are from:
·Immigration Canada
·home country’s Embassy
·Canada Revenue Agency
·Police Department
In most situations, the caller will request that you make a payment or you will face serious consequences when returning to your home country. They may talk or threaten until you make a payment. While there is no way that these fraudsters can know you are an international student (they call Canadians too), here are some things that you should know in order to better protect yourself:
·UTSC provides you with FREE Immigration advising and application help (for Study &Work Permits, Visas, Permanent Residence, and Citizenship).
·Canada Revenue Agency (CRA), Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC)，and Canadian Border Services Agency ( CBSA) will not call you, and will not ask for money or personal information by phone. If you call them, you will have to identify yourself.
·Embassies will not threaten you to make a payment or request an investigation fee due to a fake (伪造的) passport.
·Never feel like you need to pay anyone money right away. Ask for an employee number and hang up. You can call back the company (find their number online) and ask about your situation to confirm.
·Be skeptical of anyone asking you to make a payment.
·Think twice before clicking the we blinks provided and make sure they will actually go where they say.
·If you feel that you have been the victim of a fraud, you should report this to the police in the region where you live (e.g. Toronto Police Services). You can also inform Campus Police.
·If you’re not sure about something, WAIT. Come to the ISC (IC-350) and meet with a Transition Advisor. We can help you understand what’s happening.
Kendel Chitolie
International Student Advisor, RISIA S700907
International Student Centre
1. It may be a fraud if the caller asking for money says he/she is from .| A．International Student Centre | B．International Airline |
| C．Canada Travel Agency | D．Immigration Canada |
| A．Embassies will not ask you to pay for an investigation fee for a fake passport. |
| B．UTSC will ask for money if you need help for Study & Work Permits. |
| C．You can go right away to the given weblinks and believe what they say. |
| D．If you’re not sure about something, report it to the police in the region where you live. |
| A．International students. | B．Students’ parents. |
| C．Canadians. | D．School teachers. |
【推荐3】Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons—for example, economic reasons why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed?
In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own hometown of Tours, where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate (影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area.
It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative (保守的) and do not like change.
Although we have to respect people’s feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward. If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice.
1. What can we learn about historical buildings from paragraph 1?| A．All of them are not attractive. |
| B．Most of them are hard to preserve. |
| C．People want to preserve the historic feel. |
| D．They are more pleasing than modern ones. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Unclear. | C．Conservative. | D．Favourable. |
| A．Destroy old buildings. |
| B．Put things in a different place. |
| C．Choose new architectural styles. |
| D．Respect people’s feelings for historical buildings. |
| A．To instruct. | B．To argue. | C．To warn. | D．To educate. |
【推荐1】As a short-distance track and field runner at high school and college, I often found myself wondering which of the eight or sometimes nine lanes (跑道) on the track was the fastest. It was conventional wisdom that the middle lanes — lanes three through six — were the best.
This idea, in a way, is baked into the rules of track and field. In events with multiple heats — from the college level all the way to the Olympics — the people who run faster times in earlier heats are assigned to middle lanes in later heats. In other words, the fastest runners are rewarded with what are, supposedly, better lane assignment (分配).
Using 20 years of track and field data from the International Association of Athletics Federations, I found that the long-held beliefs about lane advantages are not supported by the data. And in fact, for the 200-meter sprint (冲刺), the evidence suggests that lanes often regarded as the least desirable are actually the fastest.
In most races, the fastest runners are assigned to the middle lanes according to the competition rules. Not surprisingly, the fastest runners — who are in the middle lanes — often win. Are these racers winning because those lanes are the fastest or because those runners tend to be the fastest?
Next time you're watching any of the shorter track and field events in the Olympics, listen and see if anyone repeats the old adage that the middle lanes are the fastest. The data shows this isn't true, so if someone in the outside lanes takes a surprise gold, you'll know it is not because of their lane assignment, but because they were a slow qualifier (入围者).
1. What was the traditional belief in the track and field lanes?| A．All lanes were the same. |
| B．The inner lanes were the best. |
| C．The middle lanes were the best. |
| D．The outside lanes were the best. |
| A．By referring to long term data. |
| B．By using other research results. |
| C．By watching the latest sprinters' competition. |
| D．By experimenting which lane was the fastest. |
| A．Saying. | B．Style. |
| C．Package. | D．Stage. |
| A．Losing racers tend to be in the slowest lane. |
| B．Winning racers tend to be in the fastest lane. |
| C．Winning racers often run fastest. |
| D．Racers win because their lanes are the fastest. |
【推荐2】When I was 17 years old I had surgery because of a disease. The day after the surgery, I awoke to find a friend of mine sitting in a chair across from my bed. I don't remember much about his visit. But I will not forget that he visited me on that day, and sat there for I don't know how long, while I was under the influence of a morphine drip (输液). We benefit greatly from our close friendships, but they are not a matter of calculable gain or loss.
Our age, what we might call the age of economics, is strongly influenced by two types of relationships that reflect the lives we are encouraged to lead. There are consumer relationships, those that we participate in for the pleasure they bring us. They are focused on the present. It is what brings immediate pleasure that matters. And there are entrepreneurial (商业的) relationships, those that we invest in, hoping they will bring us some return.
Aristotle thought that there were three types of friendship: those of pleasure, those of usefulness, and true friendship. In Pleasure Friendships, he said, “It is not for their character that men love ready-witted people, but because they find them pleasant.” About the usefulness friendships, he said, “Those who love each other for their utility (效用) do not love each other for themselves, but because of some good which they get from each other.”
Although we benefit from our close friendships, these friendships are not a matter of calculable gain and loss. Consumer pleasures are lasting for only a limited time. They surround us for a short period and then they fade, like a drug. Entrepreneur friendship, when successful, leads to the victory of personal gain.
It is precisely the non-economic character that is threatened in a society in which each of us is offered only the choices of ownership, shopping, competition and growth. It is threatened when we are led to believe that friendships without obvious recognizable gain are, in the economic sense, irrational (不合理的). Friendships are not without reason, perhaps, but they are certainly without that particular reason. Shared experience, not just everyday amusement or advancement, is the true basis of friendship.
1. The author mentions his operation in the first paragraph to ______.| A．recall one of his best friends | B．advise people to visit sick friends |
| C．introduce the topic of true friendship | D．talk about the experience of surgery |
| A．the sharing of joy and sorrow | B．mutual support in times of trouble |
| C．personal gain or personal loss | D．immediate pleasure |
| A．explaining three types of friendship | B．discussing questions |
| C．analyzing causes and effects | D．providing examples and facts |
| A．friendships are a matter of calculable gain or loss |
| B．there are no specific reasons for friendship |
| C．short-term pleasure is the center of friendship |
| D．everyday amusement is the true basis of friendship |
| A．Friendship in Modern Times | B．Friendship in Economic Recession |
| C．Friendship in the Age of Economics | D．Friendship in a Fast Paced Life |
Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.
Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize.
Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet（子弹） — and stopped him cold.”
Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks (挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.
So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you’ll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.
1. Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past?
| A．He faced huge risks. |
| B．He lacked mighty forces. |
| C．Fear prevented him from trying. |
| D．Failure blocked his way to success. |
| A．Swallow more than you can digest. |
| B．Act slightly above your abilities. |
| C．Develop more mysterious powers. |
| D．Learn to make creative decisions. |
| A．His physical strength. |
| B．His basic skill. |
| C．His real fear. |
| D．His spiritual force. |
| A．Confidence grows more rapidly in adults. |
| B．Trying without success is meaningless. |
| C．Repeated failure creates a better life. |
| D．Boldness can be gained little by little. |
| A．To encourage people to be courageous. |
| B．To advise people to build up physical power. |
| C．To tell people the ways to guarantee success. |
| D．To recommend people to develop more abilities. |
【推荐1】Children really need to know some basic first aid skills. This is true whether your child is four or fourteen. So what should you teach your children?
Calling for help
Once your child reaches the age of four, he should know all about calling 911 in the event of an emergency. Explain all about what a real emergency is. For example, he should call 911 if an adult asks him to, if an adult passes out and cannot be woken, if there is a fire and he can’t find an adult, or if people are hurt.
As I am typing this, I just realized that although my kids are taught about 911, the telephones in the house are out of reach for all but my oldest child (to prevent the other two from playing with the phone). Don’t make this mistake yourself, or your children wouldn’t get in touch with the police in time.
Cuts and scrapes (擦伤)
Teach children about basic care for cuts and scrapes. In my house, the kids all know that cuts must be cleaned and know where the bandages are. They also know how to put pressure on a cut to make it stop bleeding. Of course they should ask an adult for help, but they should also know a bit about self care. Believe it or not, I had to help a teenage neighbor once who had no idea what to do when he cut his hand on broken glass. He just ran around in a circle.
Burns
Tell your child that if he ever gets a burn, he should immediately call for help and then run the cool but not cold water for the burn. Getting a burn cooled down quickly can reduce the damage to the skin. This is important if no adult is with your child when a burn occurs.
1. What should children be taught at 4 according to the author?| A．To call out parents’names. | B．To get help from the police. |
| C．To know what a real emergency is. | D．To remember some phone numbers. |
| A．Letting kids play with the phone. | B．Stopping kids from using the phone. |
| C．Not telling kids to call 911. | D．Keeping the phone out of kids’reach. |
| A．Getting help is very important. | B．Even teenagers can cut their hands. |
| C．Not all teenagers are good at self care. | D．We should be prepared to help others. |
| A．Look for the bandages. | B．Put some ice on the burn. |
| C．Cool the burn under water. | D．Wait for rescuers patiently. |
| A．Kids. | B．Parents. | C．Teachers. | D．Students |
【推荐2】Space travel is definitely bad for astronauts' bones, reducing their bone density (密度) after only a month of weightlessness, according to French research published on Friday.
Laurence Vico and his fellow workers at St Etienne University called for more research into the effects of microgravity, after their study of 15 astronauts from the Russian MIR station showed bone loss continued throughout space flights.
"Bone loss was especially striking in four astronauts," the scientists reported in the Lancet Medical Journal.
They measured the bone mineral density (BMD) of the bones in the forearm (前臂) and lower leg of the astronauts who had spent one to six months in space.
The BMD loss was significant in the tibia (胫骨) of the lower leg, a weight-bearing bone, but barely changed in the radius (桡骨) of the forearm. "Our results indicate the need to investigate not only different bones, but also different areas of the same bone since not all sites of the skeleton (骨架) are similarly affected by space conditions," they added.
Without gravity the body isn't bearing any weight so there is no need for calcium (钙) which makes bones strong, and it begins to empty into the bloodstream.
The research team suggested in future scientists should try to determine if the loss of bone density was only on weight-bearing bones on longer flights.
1. French scientists did their research on Russian astronauts, because ________.| A．they only cared for the Russian astronauts |
| B．they were not interested in their own astronauts |
| C．the Russian government invited them to do their research |
| D．the Russian astronauts worked in space for a long time |
| A．the BMD loss may cause serious illness for astronauts |
| B．the BMD loss may cause some change in astronauts' bodies |
| C．astronauts shouldn't care about the BMD loss |
| D．astronauts should take some calcium before space travel |
| A．The food they ate in space. |
| B．The drinks they took in space. |
| C．The temperature in space. |
| D．Gravity in space. |
| A．unusual | B．simple | C．weak | D．slow |
【推荐3】My grandparents can be good fun．They are retired，so they don't work any more．My grandfather is 68 and my grandmother is 67，but they are not too old to be active．They exercise by playing golf and they go out for meals and to the theater．Sometimes they take me out, too．We have a good time．They also go on great holidays．Last year，they went to China and walked along the Great Wall!
Sometimes，my grandparents like to criticize me．They think that children today have an easy life．Life was very different when they were young and there are many things about my life that they do not understand. They tell me，over and over，how they had to start work at l6．They know that I will go on to university and will not be getting a job until I am about 22！They also think that I have too many possessions(财产)，such as mobile phones，computers and PSPs．When they were young，they did not have anything like that．What they do not realize is that they cannot compare children at present time．They had the same kinds of things as the rest of people of their age—so do I. It would be very strange if I only had the possessions that they had when they were at my age．
1. Grandparents do not work any more because________．| A．they are tired | B．they want to play golf |
| C．they are retired | D．they want to enjoy their life |
| A．active | B．boring |
| C．sad | D．hard |
| A．I don’t go on great holidays with them |
| B．I won’t work until 22 |
| C．they had to work at l6 |
| D．children today have an easy life |
| A．had the same life as we have today |
| B．had the same kinds of things as we have |
| C．had the same kinds of things as people of their age |
| D．had many possessions like mobile phones |
| A．agree | B．disagree |
| C．quarrel | D．fight |
