"Like a monster, it destroys everything. " That's how one school girl described a tsunami（海啸）.
On Dec. 26, 2004, a magnitude-9. 1 earthquake in Indonesia set off a massive tsunami. It killed more than 230,000 people across four countries and cost an estimated $ 10 billion in damage.
Nov. 5 is World Tsunami Awareness Day and at the United Nations Wednesday, disaster risk reduction was high on the agenda.
"What I can tell you is that the tsunami wave cannot be stopped," said Bulgarians U. N. Ambassador Georgi Velikov Panayotov. He was on vacation in Thailand in 2004 and survived the tsunami. "What we can do is build early warning systems and, of course, educate the population about the damaging power of the tsunami wave," he said.
On March 11, 2011, a magnitude-9 earthquake rocked northeastern Japan triggering a fierce tsunami that also damaged the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant, south of Sendai.
"When the big earthquake hit Japan in 2011, people thought that we were prepared for it," said Japan's U. N. Ambassador Koro Bessho. "It caused severe damage. We had dams； we had drills. However, we had been counting on something that hits every 100 years and the earthquake was of the size of possibly every 500 years or thousand years, he said.
These two events sent the countries of the region into overdrive to review and improve disaster preparedness. In 2015 the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction was born. It aims to help create a better understanding of disaster risk and improve preparedness for an effective response.
Indonesia is made up of thousands of islands which are disaster-prone（易受灾地区）. Willem Rampangilei, head of the Disaster Management Agency of Indonesia, said his government now has plans for every disaster-prone city.
Countries at risk are also expanding their education programs. Children from an early age are taught how to react in case of a tsunami and then go with their classmates to higher ground away from coastal areas to avoid the walls of water the tsunami triggers.
1. What does Georgi Velikov Panayotov mainly talk about?| A．The general features of a tsunami. | B．Ways for humans to face a tsunami. |
| C．His suffering in the 2004 tsunami. | D．The loss caused by the 2004 tsunami. |
| A．It caused a fierce tsunami. | B．It destroyed a nuclear plant. |
| C．The size was beyond expectation. | D．There was no effective defense system. |
| A．Children should be protected by all means. |
| B．The improvement of preparedness can reduce damage. |
| C．Proper response in case of a tsunami can save one's life. |
| D．Stronger measures should be taken in disaster-prone areas. |
| A．World Tsunami Awareness Day |
| B．Nations Attacked by Massive Tsunami |
| C．The Unpredictable and Destructive Disaster |
| D．Learn from Disasters to Prevent Future Ones |
相似题推荐
Escaping a fire is a serious matter. Knowing what to do during a fire can save you life. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family， such as stairways and fire escapes， but not lifts.
From the lower floors of the buildings， escaping through windows is possible， learn the best way of leaving by windows with the least chance of serious injury.
The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground. An average person， hanging by the finger-tips will have a drop of about six feet to the ground. It is about the height of an average man. Of course， it is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building.
Windows are also useful when you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed. Or smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may leaked（渗） into the room.
On a second or third floor， the best windows for escape are those that open onto a roof. From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely. Dropping onto cement（水泥） might end in injury. Bushes（灌木丛） and grass can help to break a fall.
根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. It is important to _______.
| A．put out the fire in the burning house |
| B．know the ways to escape the fire |
| C．jump off a burning house |
| D．keep the door closed |
| A．if there are some bushes on the ground |
| B．if you are strong enough |
| C．if you live on a lower floor |
| D．If you have a long rope |
| A．You can escape though stairways. |
| B．You can choose fire escapes. |
| C．Escape from the windows that open onto a roof. |
| D．Use a lift to come down at once. |
| A．you can get fresh air | B．you can call for help |
| C．you can easily jump off | D．you can be seen first |
| A．Escaping from the Windows |
| B．Save Yourself in the Burning House |
| C．Knowledge on Fire |
| D．Waiting for Help |
【推荐2】Check out our tsunami facts and learn some interesting information related to these great walls of water that can cause so much destruction. Find out what causes tsunamis and read about some notable recent examples of tsunamis that have occurred around the globe.
Tsunamis are huge waves of water that are usually caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. As a tsunami approaches the shore, water may move back from the coast. If it is shallow enough, the water may be pulled back hundreds of meters. If you are in the area, observing this is a good indication that a tsunami is on the way.
Regions in tsunami danger zones often have warning systems in place to give people as much time to evacuate as possible. When tsunamis hit shallow water (often near the coast), they slow down but increase in height.
An earthquake in the Indian Ocean off Indonesia in December 2004 caused a tsunami that killed over 200,000 people in 14 countries. In March 2011, the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000 people. The tsunami waves created by the Tohoku earthquake reached heights of over 40 metres (131 feet) in mine areas, wiping out coastal towns and causing a number of nuclear accidents.
The Japanese word “tsunami” literally means “harbour wave”. Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as tidal waves but this term has fallen out of favour because tsunamis are not related to tides.
1. Which of the following shows a tsunami is coming soon?| A．The water near the shore is pulled back. | B．The water marches towards the coast. |
| C．An earthquake takes place. | D．The water near the shore is very shallow. |
| A．the earthquake itself | B．the lack of warning systems |
| C．the tsunami caused by the earthquake | D．the nuclear accidents caused by the tsunami |
| A．Leave. | B．Watch. | C．Explore. | D．Communicate. |
| A．There is no sign before the approach of a tsunami. |
| B．More people died in Indonesia tsunami than in Tohoku tsunami. |
| C．Some nuclear accidents happened after Indonesia tsunami. |
| D．The term “tidal wave” is used more often than “tsunami.” |
【推荐3】For decades, climate scientists have named hurricanes and ranked them according to severity. “Naming and categorizing heat waves is also a must,” states a newly formed international union, called the Extreme Heat Resilience Alliance. “Hurricanes get attention because they cause obvious physical damage,” says Jennifer Marlon, a climate scientist at Yale University. Heat waves, however, have less evident effects, since the primary damage is to human health.
Heat waves kill more people in the United States than any other weather-related disaster. Data from the National Weather Service show that from 1986 to 2019, there were 4,257 deaths as a result of heat. By comparison, there were fewer deaths by floods(2,907), tornadoes(2,203) or hurricanes(1,405) over the same period. What’s more, climate change is increasing the possibility of high temperature events worldwide, getting tens of thousands of people dying each year because of heat.
Some populations are particularly easily harmed by high heat, including people over 65 and those with potential medical conditions. Historical racial discrimination also places minority communities at higher risk. Due to housing policies, communities of color are more likely to live in urban areas, heat islands which lack the green spaces that help cool down neighborhoods.
Part of the naming and ranking process will include defining exactly what a heat wave is. No single definition currently exists. Without a universally accepted definition of a heat wave, “We don't have a common understanding of the danger we face,” says Aaron Bernstein, an expert of the new group. “Defined categories for heat waves could help local officials better prepare to address potential health problems in the face of rising temperatures. And naming and categorizing heat waves could increase public awareness of the health risks caused by these silent killers.”
The union is in ongoing conversations with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the World Meteorological Organization and other institutions to develop a standard naming and ranking practice.
1. What do we know about the heat wave in America?| A．It causes most serious physical damage. |
| B．It has got more attention in recent years. |
| C．It kills more people than other natural disasters. |
| D．It is the biggest killer among weather-related disasters. |
| A．They live in poorly-built houses. | B．They lack good medical resources. |
| C．They have less access to green spaces. | D．They are restricted in their movements. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Doubtful. | C．Conservative. | D．Tolerant. |
| A．They also kill lives like hurricanes. | B．They should have names like hurricanes. |
| C．Climate change is affecting them greatly. | D．Measures should be taken to prevent them. |
【推荐1】Pingvellir National Park was founded by law in 1930. The Act states that "Pingvellir shall be protected national shrine（圣地）for all Icelanders." In 2004 Pingvellir was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Facilities At Pingvellir National Park
The National Park Information Center at Leirar can provide advice on camping, fishing and hiking as well as other general information on the park. There is a small and comfortable cafeteria where drinks and light meals can be obtained.
At Hakio Visitor center is an interactive exhibition where the national park's history and nature comes alive. Guests can also find there souvenir shop and small cafeteria.
Pingvellir National Park Rules
• All nature in the National Park is protected. Don't disturb any natural or man-made feature.
• Do not damage vegetation. Fires are prohibited.
• Do not litter in the National Park.
•Do not drive off-road or park outside a designated（指定的）parking areas.
• Dogs must be kept on a leash（皮带）,and owners must clean up after their pets.
•Note that the Pingvellir area has many rock fissures and cracks. Stay careful.
• Camping is only permitted at designated campsites. Observe quiet between midnight and 8 am.
• Fishing permits are sold at the service center. Note that boats must not be launched from National Park land.
• Park rangers and service center staff will be pleased to provide further information.
• Pingvellir National Park is a haven of peace. Drunkenness is inappropriate here, and disturbs other visitors. The National Park reserves that right to expel drunken visitors.
1. What's this picture?| A．A warning notice. | B．A museum guide. |
| C．A travel leaflet. | D．An advertisement. |
| A．With permission and donation. |
| B．With freedom and pleasure. |
| C．With attention and calmness. |
| D．With caution and respect. |
| A．Ask for advice at Visitor Center. |
| B．Walk pet dogs with dog leashes. |
| C．Fish in the lake without permits. |
| D．Camp only within the given time. |
As global temperatures continue to rise, more “extreme rain” events—intense, cats-and-dogs downpours—can be expected, said thestudy, published Monday in the journalNature Climate Change. And that, scientists said, means an increased flood risk, particularly for the world’s driest areas. The study challenges the idea that global warming is causingdry areas to become drierand wet areas wetter.
“In both wet and dry regions, we see these great increases in heavy precipitation（冰雹）,” lead author Markus Donat, a climate scientist at the University of New South Wales, told Nature.
Donat and his team collected data from 1951 to 2010 on extreme precipitation events from 11, 000 weather stations around the world, Nature reported.
In that time, the number of days with “extreme precipitation” increased 1 percent to 2 percent per decade.
“We found a strong relationship between global warming and an increase in rainfall, particularly in areas outside of the tropics,” Donatsaid in a statement.
“Importantly, this research suggests we will see these extreme rainfall events increases at regional levels in dry areas, not just as an average across the globe,” Donat added.
Peter Stott, a senior climate scientist at Met Office, told Climate Central that the study’s findings are important, because more violent rainfall and flooding will “challenge our capability to adaptto a rapidly changing climate.”
As Nature reported, the research aligns（结盟）witha 2015 study that found global warming has led to a sharp increase in record-breaking precipitation events. Donat told Nature that his study should come as a warning to world governments.
1. Which of the following is one of the study’s findings?
| A．Global warming is causingdry areas to become drierand wet areas wetter. |
| B．Extreme rain events can be expected at regional levels in dry areas. |
| C．Extreme rainfall events increase at regional levels in wet areas. |
| D．Rainfall increases particularly in the tropics areas. |
| A．The research aligns with a 2015 study. |
| B．They are about extreme precipitation events. |
| C．They remind us to adjust to rapid climate changes. |
| D．The study involves many famous climate scientists. |
| A．encourage investors to start business in Seattle or the Sahara desert |
| B．persuade people to take a raincoat or an umbrella with them |
| C．challenge the previous findings of research on climate |
| D．warn world governments to focus on global warming |
【推荐3】Around the world there is an increase in the demand for reforestation. This is because the consumption of the forests has affected not only the animals living in the area but also the people. And reforestation is about the rebuilding of the forests that have been severely destroyed. It can offer a lot of benefits when the recreation is successful.
Destroying a forest is easy but rebuilding it is really hard.
The forest greatly helps in the reduction of the air pollution. Trees are responsible for the production of oxygen and absorption of carbon dioxide.
There cannot be a better way to restore the balance of nature than to increase the forest area. We must remember that the forest is a natural habitat of wide variety of animals and plants. In this manner, there is no substitute for reforestation.
| A．And global warming will speed up the destruction of forests. |
| B．Keep in mind that you can’t just plant the seedlings anywhere. |
| C．Recreations won’t work until all these details have been considered. |
| D．So a good plan is needed to make the reforestation a successful one. |
| E．The forest also protects us from typhoons and other natural disasters. |
| F．There are many things to be done when it comes to this type of effort. |
| G．It is important to make sure that they are suited to the climate and the type of soil. |
【推荐1】More than 40 years ago, my seventh grade English teacher by telling us that we were absolutely not allowed to read “The Catcher the Rye” because we weren’t “ready” for it. So naturally we all went out and read it immediately.
I told this story to my son when he was a seventh grader. I meant it as a funny story, and I pointed out that it had taken me years to appreciate that teacher’s pedagogic strategy. But then my son read the book himself right away. The mere long-ago echoo (回音) of a possible ban was enough to breathe life to his reading.
Adults have been known to worry a great deal about the possible destructive influence of the publishing world on children. If you look at the list of “frequently challenged children’s books” maintained by the American Library Association Office of Intellectual Freedom, you will see a wide range of touchy topics.
Books can get challenged because they involve magic (Philip Pullman, J.K. Rowling), or because they offend (冒犯) religious sensibilities. “A Wrinkle in Time”, by Madeleine L’Engle, has been challenged as both overly and insufficiently religious. Some books are challenged because they describe children behaving, well, childishly. (Junie B. Jones, the heroine of a series of books by Barbara Park, gets in trouble for using words like “stupid”.) So adults worry that books may be bad for children’s morals and for their manners.
In fact, banned book lists can be a great resource for parents looking for books that teach kids about the world and themselves.
When your children read books that have been challenged or banned, you have a double opportunity as a parent: you can discuss the books themselves, and the information they provide, and you can also talk about why people might find them troubling.
1. What was the author’s teacher’s pedagogic strategy?| A．Listing banned books. | B．Hiding banned books. |
| C．Arousing the students’curiosity. | D．Telling some funny stories.nours. |
| A．J.K. Rowling. | B．Madeleine L’Engle. |
| C．Junie B.Jones. | D．Barbara Park. |
| A．Involve themselves in reading. |
| B．Let children make their own choices. |
| C．Choose books for their children. |
| D．Observe their children’s behavior closely. |
| A．Not All Challenged Books Are Bad |
| B．A Good Book Is a Light to the Soul |
| C．Parents Should Respect Children’s Choice |
| D．Banned or Not Banned-That Is the Question! |
【推荐2】Craving for food is a normal part of life. Some people eat what they want and do not worry about it. Others cannot control their desires. Cravings can come from the senses. They can come from the smell of fresh bread when we walk by a bakery. They can come from stress that drives us to eat fast food.
What is the solution? Scientists say cravings are normal. They are coming up with new ideas. “Mindfulness” is one idea. Experts say, “You do not have to make cravings go away. But you also do not have to eat because of them. It is accepting them rather than pushing them away.”
Dieting is not the answer. Dieters are more likely to notice food. They have a harder time removing their attention from food. They crave more food. A doctor said, “Our cravings rise and fall, like waves in an ocean. Trying to fight that wave will never work. Accept that it is there and surf with it.”
Focus on how food tastes, and then replace the problem food with higher-quality food. For example, replace candy with blueberries. A study showed that people who used acceptance and mindfulness kept their weight off.
A doctor told the story of a patient who ate a bag of potato chips when she watched a TV show. The doctor advised her to pay attention to every single chip she ate. How many chips did it take her to feel satisfied? A few weeks later, the woman said she had reduced her chip habit. Now she satisfied her craving after the second potato chip.
1. Which of the following will inspire a craving for food?| A．A moving film. | B．The pressure of work. |
| C．A desire to control something. | D．The lack of knowledge of food. |
| A．Fighting with them. | B．Making them disappear. |
| C．Having meals immediately. | D．Taking them. |
| A．To prove the result of the study. | B．To show the importance of habits. |
| C．To add more opinions on cravings. | D．To suggest a way of losing weight. |
| A．Medicine. | B．Climate. | C．Health. | D．Economy. |
【推荐3】Wanna soften the blow of a hangover?
A hangover refers to the headache and sick feeling that you have the day after drinking too much alcohol. If you are looking for something to nurse your hangover, you will find the following right ideas.
1. ASIAN PEAR JUICE
Have some extra Asian pears at home? Run them through your juicer before your next night out. According to researchers at Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, just 7.4 ounces of Asian pear juice is enough to soften the blow of a hangover. The scientists say that the juice interacts with enzymes that break down alcohol, speeding up your metabolism and leaving less surplus alcohol for your body to absorb. There’s just one catch: The juice must be consumed before you drink anything else in order to be effective.
2. MUSIC
Anyone who’s ever suffered through a massive hangover knows that sound is the enemy. But while your roommate’s 9 a.m. tap dancing practice might exacerbate (加剧) your symptoms, music may have the opposite effect. Research has shown that listening to music can provide relief to migraines, which are similar to hangover headaches. As long as the music is pleasant and suits your taste, it should help to drown out the chorus of pain laying in your mind. Head sensitivity isn’t the only symptom music helps with. According to researchers at the University of Edinburgh, listening to your favorite music also eases pain.
3. EGGS
The best way to tackle a hangover with food is to eat while you drink. Chowing down after the damage has already been done may distract you from your turmoil for a short while, but it won’t soothe your physical symptoms. There are a few exceptions: Eggs, for example, have hangover-fighting potential thanks to a special ingredient. The food is packed with cysteine, an amino acid that breaks down the drinking byproduct acetaldehyde (乙醛). So whether you prefer to enjoy brunch out or at home, make sure your meal includes eggs in some form.
1. According to the passage, the author may agree with the following EXCEPT______.| A．Asian pear juice can help soften the blow of a hangover if you drink it before anything else. |
| B．Your roommate can make you suffer less from a hangover by practising tap dancing at 9. |
| C．Eggs are said to contain a special ingredient that may soothe the symptoms of a hangover. |
| D．Enjoying your favorite piece of music is an efficient way to fight the pain of a hangover. |
| A．a textbook | B．a science fiction |
| C．a health magazine | D．an advertisement |
【推荐1】Dogs are man's best friend. If you plan on buying a dog, try to put in a little bit of research. You will find out that there are plenty of dog breeds(品种)to choose from, but some are more expensive than others. Not just in terms of the purchase price, but also grooming(动物美容)and medical expenses.
In this list, we will cover the most expensive dog breeds in the world that you can buy. We’ll even include the dog's price tag, grooming expenses, and average health care costs.
Kerry Blue Terrier
With a purchase price at $ 600 this dog might be inexpensive. However, due to their many health concerns, health care costs can reach up to $ 7, 000. If taken care of, they can live up to 15 years.
Great Dane
The Great Dane breed is a big dog with an average price of $ 800. This breed has a life expectancy of 7 to 10 years. The average health care costs are expected to be around $7, 100.
Bernese Mountain Dog
The purchase price for one of these huge 120-pound dogs is around $800. This breed has a life expectancy of 9 to 12 years. This breed has many health concerns like elbow and hip dysplasia(髓关节发育不良)which will cost you around $ 6, 500.
German Shepherd
Known for their cleverness as a sheepherder, the purchase price for one is around $ 800. Although they can live for up to 13 years, their health care costs up to $20, 500. What causes their health care to be expensive is treating common health conditions such as hip dysplasia.
1. How long can a Kerry Blue Terrier live?| A．7 years. | B．15 years. | C．10 years. | D．12 years. |
| A．Kerry Blue Terrier. | B．Great Dane. |
| C．Bemese Mountain Dog. | D．German Shepherd. |
| A．Where to buy a great dog. | B．How to take care of a dog. |
| C．What to know in choosing a dog. | D．How to make friends with dogs. |
【推荐2】Popularly known as the "Oriental Hawaii, Sanya in South China's Hainan province is considered as one of the best diving resorts in the South Pacific Ocean. The followings are the top four places for diving in the city.
Wuzhizhou Island
Wuzhizhou Island is regarded as the best place in Hainan province for underwater diving. It is one of the few islands in the world without rocks or pebbles. The island covers an area of 1.48 square kilometers and is in an irregular butterfly shape. The sea around the island is clear and transparent, providing a visibility of 6 to 27 meters.
Yalong Bay
The underwater world at Yalong Bay is one of the earliest diving bases in Sanya. It is thought as one of the best scenic spots in China to carry out undersea tourism, with the world's largest and most complete soft coral. Colorful hard coral, tropical fish, and other marine life in the nearby waters also add to the beauty and attraction of the bay.
Xidao Island
Xidao Island is shaped like a turtle living in the tropical area. The island enjoys pleasant surroundings of sandy beaches, rocky caves, and palm trees. It also boasts crystal clear waters with a wide range of marine life and extensive coral reefs（珊瑚礁）to explore.
Fenjiezhou Island
Fenjiezhou Island is also called the Sleeping Beauty Island for what it looks like from a far. The island boasts extremely clean beaches and rich marine ecological resources. It is the only site in the country that allows visitors to dive with dolphins. In addition to possessing a range of marine recreational programs, the island has the only sightseeing submarine in China.
1. Why is "Oriental Hawaii mentioned in the first paragraph?| A．To introduce diving spots in Hawaii. |
| B．To encourage people to travel to Hawaii. |
| C．To show that Sanya is such a popular resort in China. |
| D．To compare Hawaii and Sanya. |
| A．Wuzhizhou Island. | B．Yalong Bay. |
| C．Xidao Island. | D．Fenjiezhou Island. |
| A．Xidao Island is shaped like a butterfly. |
| B．There are lots of rocks and pebbles in Wuzhizhou Island. |
| C．Various marine life contribute to the beauty of Yalong Bay. |
| D．Visitors are allowed to explore coral reefs in Fenjiezhou Island. |
【推荐3】Peter Shankman travels for a living, delivering speeches around the country. The last thing he wants to do in his spare time is travel from his home in New York.
So for the fifth year in a row, Shankman is donating hundreds of thousands of miles to people in need-----those who can’t afford to buy a flight, but intend to be with sick loved ones, or a parent who would like to see a faraway child.
Shankman posts his contest on the social media site Imgur, and other Imgur users vote for winners of Shankman’s miles. After the initial year of the giveaway, other travellers started seeing Shankman’s posts on Imgur and began donating their miles to his contest, multiplying the gift.
One of those donors is Rhys Ford, whose reason for donating her extra miles to Shankman’s “Home for the Holidays” giveaway is simple and heartfelt. “ There are many of us who have so much, and there are others who are far away from their family and can’t make it back for financial reasons,” she said.
Shankman said one of the big advantages of giving away his miles is that it allows him to pass along a lesson about giving to his son. Shankman’s goal, he said , is to help children and adults with ADHD(多动症) realize that they are not broken, but gifted.
“They just need to learn how to channel and use that power. I have ADHD, but I believe it is a huge part of my success,” said Shankman.
“People ask me how I verify the stories of people who win the free miles,” Shankman said. “And I tell them, ‘I can’t.’ But if someone goes to all this trouble to get a free trip somewhere, maybe this will help them in some way. As long as my miles keep adding up, I’m going to continue to give them away.
1. How are the winners of Shankman’s miles chosen ?| A．People vote on them on the Internet. |
| B．Shankman chooses them by himself. |
| C．The social media site decides on them. |
| D．They ask for Shankman’s help in person. |
| A．Shankman’s speech | B．Her kindness. |
| C．Her own experience | D．Her simple mind. |
| A．His ADHD gets treated. | B．He becomes more famous. |
| C．He can stay at home much longer. | D．he gets a chance to influence his son. |
| A．Tell | B．Collect | C．Check | D．Know |
