Elizabeth fry was the daughter of an English banker. When she was a young bride and mother, she gave medicine and clothes to the homeless and helped establish the sisters of Devonshire square, a nursing school. In 1813, at age 33, her attention turned to the female prisoners in London’s Newgate prison. She began to visit the prison almost daily, and what she found there horrified her.
In the early 1800s, English prisons were pits of cruelty and violence. At Newgate, women awaiting trial for stealing apples were put into the same prison as women who had been convicted (宣判) of murder. Women ate, defecated, and slept in the same cell. If a prisoner had children, they accompanied her to prison and lived in the same inhumane conditions. For those without help from family, friends, or charities, the options were to beg and to steal food, or to starve to death.
Prison officials warned fry of the risks she was taking in visiting prisons (exposure to violence and disease), but she waved the warnings aside. Besides comforting women, she taught them basic hygiene and to sew and quilt so they might earn a living when they were released. She intervened (介入) for women on death row, and if her pleas were unsuccessful, she comforted them in their last moments. To expand her efforts, in 1816 she founded the association for the improvement of the female prisoners of Newgate “to provide for the clothing, instruction, and employment of the women, and to form in them, as much as possible, those habits of order and industry, which may make them peaceable while in prison, and respectable when they leave it.” Specific reforms she campaigned for included: separation of men and women prisoners, paid work for prisoners, women guards for women prisoners, and the housing of criminals based on their crimes.
1. English prisons in the early 1800s could be described as __________.| A．inhumane and horrifying | B．cruel and orderly |
| C．violent and just | D．efficient and peaceable |
| A．to win their respect |
| B．to help them kill time in prison |
| C．to help them make a living in prison |
| D．to live a respectable life when they were released |
| A．Women prisoners would get a pay rise. |
| B．Women prisoners would be well attended by women guards. |
| C．The human rights of women prisoners would be better respected. |
| D．The housing of the thieves would be much better than the murders’. |
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【推荐1】There’s a popular misconception that rhinos are aggressive and stupid, but I discovered sensitive, affectionate animals. Weighing over a ton, black rhinos are unexpectedly agile and have an unpredictable nature-but, given reassurance, they can be very trusting. In the past few decades, their numbers have dropped dramatically. In recent years, I’ve helped look after rhinos being moved to sanctuaries (保护区), so they can form new populations in countries that have few left.
Last year, I helped on a project to fly five black rhinos from a private reserve in South Africa to the Serengeti National Park. Once there, the animals had to be kept captive for a few weeks to adapt to the new environment, in which time they lived in “bomas”-wooden enclosures (围场) with “bedrooms”, designed to create a calm space.
A couple of weeks before their planned release, the sky filled with smoke. Watching the flames rushing through the bush toward the bomas, I froze. Terrified that it would catch fire, my instinct was to release the rhinos, but hey hadn’t yet been fitted with transmitters. If I let them out into a bushfire and they were injured, we’d have great difficulty tracking them down.
So I dashed back to the bomas and called the rhinos to the bedrooms. Sensing the fear in my voices, they moved without hesitation and remained astonishingly calm. It was crucial the rhinos didn’t panic -they can easily hurt each other if they do.
Meanwhile, the rangers managed to beat the closest flames away. At last, after half an hour, the wind changed direction and the fire began to recede.
That we and the rhinos had escaped unhurt was a miracle. The teamwork of everybody there played a large part, and the rhinos were very much a part of that team. The relationships we’d built with them had proved crucial - had they or we panicked, all our work would have been in vain. Instead, two weeks later, they were released into the wild, ready to found part of a new population in the Serengeti.
1. What kind of animals does the author think rhinos are?| A．Unfriendly. | B．Cruel. | C．Mild. | D．Curious. |
| A．To get ready for life in a new habitat. | B．To be trained to act less aggressively. |
| C．To learn crucial survival skills in the wild. | D．To form a closer relationship with humans. |
| A．She had to plant transmitters in the rhinos. |
| B．She had to set the rhinos free immediately. |
| C．She had to lead the rhinos to a safer place. |
| D．She had to put out the nearest flames. |
| A．How the rhinos were released to the wild. | B．Why protecting rhinos is important. |
| C．What helped the rhinos and people escape. | D．What enabled the rhinos to remain calm. |
【推荐2】No history of Wushu in the West African state of Liberia would be complete without mentioning one man. He has devoted his life to Chinese martial arts. As a martial arts lover, Pewee Russian was determined to change his country's perception of Chinese martial arts, seen by many as a violent foreign culture.
Against all difficulties, Russian devoted his life to learning Wushu and by the late 1990s he was becoming an expert. At that time, fewer than five people in the entire country were taking an interest in Wushu, he says. As a boy, Russian lived with his foster parents, who attempted to distract him from martial arts. He found it "tiring and challenging,, to keep his mind on Wushu. They told him that learning martial arts was a dead end, but nevertheless he persisted.
When civil war began ravaging the country at the end of 1990, it proved a setback for his Wushu studies. When the war was over, after more than 15 years, Wushu was almost extinct. However, Russian still carried the passion in his heart.
“One of the things that really drew me closer to Chinese martial arts is the discipline, the culture - it makes your mind disciplined. I think Wushu is my calling," he says.
In 2010, the Chinese embassy in Monrovia awarded him a short-term study course at the Shaolin Temple. When he returned to his country in 2011, Russian led efforts to establish the Liberia National Wushu Association. He won an international medal on behalf of his country in 2016 at the Zhengzhou International Shaolin Wushu Festival. Since then, as a master, he has been inspiring others to share his enthusiasm. Russian is now the face of martial arts in Liberia.
However, Russian still regrets failing to attend the Beijing Olympics in 2008. He was the third best martial artist on the African continent that year but lack of finance kept him away from the games.
To make up for this lost opportunity, he is working diligently to train the next generation of champions, ensuring that he keeps the spirit of Wushu alive in the country.
1. What do we know about Pewee Russian?| A．He got a medal in the Beijing Olympics. |
| B．He thought Wushu can help protect his country. |
| C．He is now his country's representative of Wushu. |
| D．He was the third best martial artist in his country. |
| A．His foster parents didn't support him. |
| B．Wushu almost disappeared in Africa. |
| C．He lacked money for his Wushu studies. |
| D．His country started a war against another country. |
| A．Crazy and reliable. | B．Generous and hardworking. |
| C．Persistent and considerate. | D．Passionate and determined. |
| A．To spread Chinese culture. | B．To introduce a Wushu lover. |
| C．To encourage Sino-African relations. | D．To promote values of martial arts. |
【推荐3】Sometimes two very different individuals become the best friends. For example, who could have thought that a spider (蜘蛛) would become friends with a pig? But in American writer E. B. White’s novel Charlotte’s Web, this is exactly what happens.
Wilbur the pig grows up in a barn (牲口棚) and makes many friends, including a spider called Charlotte. One day a sheep tells Wilbur that he will finally be served up as dinner. But Charlotte decides to save her friend. To help Wilbur, Charlotte writes words like “terrific” “radiant (喜悦的)” and “humble (谦逊的)” on her web to praise Wilbur. This makes the farmer believe that he is too important to kill. Wilbur is saved, but Charlotte is so tired that she dies.
The book was first published in 1952. In over 60 years Charlotte has become one of the most famous spiders of all time. She teaches us about love and promise. “She is very, very loving under that ugly look,” said Peter F. Neumeyer, writer of The Annotated Charlotte’s Web.
The book’s success drew the attention of Hollywood film-makers. However, they wanted a happy ending. White was strongly against this idea and as a result the film, like the book, ends with Charlotte’s death.
Jen Doll, a reporter of The Atlantic, believes that “death is part of life”. She says this is one of the main messages of the book.
As Charlotte tells Wilbur, “You have been my friend. That in itself is a wonderful thing. I wove (织) my webs for you because I like you. After all, what’s a life, anyway? We’re born, we live a little while and then we die. A spider’s life can’t help being something of a mess, with all this trapping and eating flies. By helping you, perhaps I was trying to lift up my life a little. God knows anyone’s life can stand a little of that.”
1. Which of the following about the story is TRUE?| A．It’s a good example of how different creatures live in peace. |
| B．Though ugly, Charlotte is loving and helpful. |
| C．It encourages children to love their family and friends. |
| D．The farmer kills Wilbur as dinner. |
| A．the fate of Wilbur. |
| B．how to close story. |
| C．who was to play Charlotte. |
| D．the way Charlotte makes friends with Wilbur. |
| A．life is like a web |
| B．friendship is more important than life |
| C．life could be boring and troublesome |
| D．dying for a good cause is worthwhile |
【推荐1】BEIJING --Terry Crossman has spent 20 years in the city of Beijing he now calls home.
Wearing his bright red armband and speaking fluent Chinese, from a distance 62-year-old Gao Tianrui could be taken for any regular Chinese man. But on closer inspection, things are not quite what they seem: Gao’s real name is Terry and he is from the United States. Having lived in Beijing for more than 20 years, Terry Crossman has finally realized his Chinese dream: becoming a public security volunteer. Life as a “Xicheng Dama”has even made hi m an online celebrity.
Xicheng Dama are volunteers, usually women in late middle-age, who wander around the streets of downtown Beijing’s Xicheng district. And now Crossman has joined their club.In the video footage(片段)that recently went viral(疯传),Crossman said that at first he saw the group as busybodies, but his opinion changed once he was on the inside. “Gradually I saw that it is a good thing for retired seniors to come out and help others,” he said. In the footage, he is seen giving tourists directions, getting water for a baby and even helping a neighbor sell yogurt. “I like helping others,” he said.”I live in the hutong and my neighborsand I usually help each other...This is where I live, where my friends are and where I call home.”
Crossman became interested in Chinese culture as a teenager when he read the Tao Te Ching by Laozi. At 18, he took a ship to Taiwan to learn Chinese. On the ship the captain suggested that he should have a Chinese name. “He named me Gao Tianrui, based on the pronunciation of my English name,” he said. After Taiwan he worked in several places including New York, Singapore and a 12-year period in Hong Kong.
Crossman first came to the Chinese mainland in 1981, when he went to Shanghai and Suzhou in Jiangsu province. “ Wherever I went, I had at least 30 people following me, asking about Hong Kong,how much I earned, what my hobbies were and how I felt about the victory of the Chinese women’’s volleyball team.” he said. His first visit to Beijing was six years later on business.”There were few cars and lots of bicycles on the roads.”
Crossman and his family moved to Beijing in 1997, when the traffic was heavier and the city busier. “There were only two subway lines, with no air conditioning,” he said. Since then he has lived and worked in Beijing.
1. What does the underlined word “busybody” in the third paragraph mean?| A．A person who is too interested in what other people are doing. |
| B．A person who works in a government office |
| C．A person who does a job with a high pay. |
| D．A person who takes part in a sport or other activities for enjoyment. |
a. He read the Tuo Te Ching by Laozib. He worked in New York and Singapore.
c. He moved to Beijing in 1997 with his family.
d. He became a member of the club of Xicheng Dama.
e. He went to Shanghai and Suzhou in Jiangsu province.
| A．e, d.b,c,a | B．a.b.e.c.d |
| C．a,e,c,d.b | D．c,a,c,b,d |
| A．They were satisfied with him. | B．They were worried about him |
| C．They were patient with him. | D．They were curious about him. |
| A．American in Being lives his Chinese dream |
| B．American in Beijing speaks fluent Chinese |
| C．Terry, an American who works in Beijing |
| D．Terry, an American who likes Chinese culture |
【推荐2】After moving from a refugee camp to a big city, 18-year-old Dhakal wanted to give back to his community.
A few years ago, while working at a restaurant, Dhakal met a homeless man. While cleaning tables, he talked with the man, and the man shared his story about how he became homeless. Dhakal explained that one of the necessities the homeless man needed was clothes. So that was where he got the idea of setting a charitable organization Dhakal Collects Clothes.
Dhakal hosted its first clothing drive in 2019. He collected everything, including socks, hats, jackets, coats and shoes. Dhakal said, “With that project, I was able to bring so many people together and change so many lives.”
For Dhakal, Dhakal Collects Clothes is just a start. In the future, he wants to own a multimillion-dollar business that focuses on giving its money away to help others. To help him meet that goal, a kind person introduced Dhakal to Cuban, a billionaire, who is also one of Dhakal’s heroes. Cuban, who said that he knew what it was like to struggle and wanted to give back, gave Dhakal a specific goal — collecting 575 coats to give away to those in need. While Dhakal first struggled to collect coats, he used one suggestion from Cuban to help himself: He networked with Amy, who worked at a local charity organization. In 4 days, he collected thousands of coats, much more than his initial goal.
“I never dreamed of collecting 3, 000 coats, but the people that I connected with made it possible,” Dhakal said.
Cuban said, “You’re setting an example, Dhakal. It isn’t about connections. It isn’t about who you know. It’s all about how hard you’re willing to work to get something done.”
1. What inspired Dhakal to start his charity organization?| A．His boss’s encouragement. |
| B．The advice from a homeless man. |
| C．His desire to get away from poverty. |
| D．The experience of a homeless man he met. |
| A．He gave him useful advice. |
| B．He donated 575 clothes to him. |
| C．He shared the skills in making money. |
| D．He persuaded others to network with him. |
| A．Frightened. | B．Worried. |
| C．Surprised. | D．Embarrassed. |
| A．His ambitious plan for the future. |
| B．His hard work and determination. |
| C．His connections with other people. |
| D．The original idea and goal of his project. |
【推荐3】A 28-year-old young man, Nilay Agarwal, says that he had always dreamed of making efforts to remove hunger but it was only after a life-changing incident (事件) that he started to do something about it.
In 2018, Nilay lost a friend due to a car accident, which made him realize how lucky he was to be here with all the dreams that he had. So he decided not to waste a single moment and started contributing his time to a meaningful career.
With zero knowledge about setting up a social organization, Nilay simply made a few cookies and distributed them in a nearby welfare organization at first. Employing social media, he uploaded a video of the activity online. “At first, people laughed at me. They didn’t believe I was serious or had any long-term plans. But I knew I was going to go on until my actions effected a change,” he says.
When one after the other similar deeds by this lone fighter were noticed, people began to trusted his efforts and started to join him. Sankalp Tandon, one of Nilay’s friends, decided to help him upon seeing his work. Afterwards, the Vishalakshi Foundation was set up in memory of his friend. Then it developed its first programme—the Project Hunger.
As he says, no one has a stronger will than the youth of a country. Considering this as his only resource, he started encouraging students of Delhi University to join the programme. He first appointed some leaders in 22 colleges. They then went on reaching out to others to join the organization and form volunteer groups in their colleges. Meanwhile, online crowdfunding platforms assisted with funding campaigns that could support the upscaling (升级)of operation. In 2020, the organization was recognized by the Governor of Uttar Pradesh, Anandiben Patel for its widespread efforts.
1. What pushed Nilay to take action to remove hunger?| A．His car accident. | B．His childhood dream. |
| C．The death of his friend. | D．The potential of social organizations. |
| A．To raise funds for the poverty. |
| B．To persuade people to support him. |
| C．To remove the root of hunger. |
| D．To remember his friend. |
| A．Generous and brave. | B．Reliable and clever. |
| C．Determined and caring. | D．Ambitious and creative. |
| A．It is officially operated. | B．It really makes a difference. |
| C．It needs further expansion. | D．It is targeted at college students. |
【推荐1】As a teenager in the 1990s, Melissa Blake was interested in fashion. Unfortunately, fashion wasn't much interested in her. Blake, who has a bone and muscle disorder and stands a little under four feet tall, couldn't find jeans or dresses in her size. Looking through some fashion magazines, she didn't see a single person who looked like her.
“That would have been a game changer for me,” says Blake, who had 26 surgeries before age 17. “When you're a teenager — disabled or not — you deal with issues of self-esteem.”
Blake, 39, has spent her adult life trying to make up for that. She is a disability-rights activist as well as a writer, but she gained a national following after fighting back ugly comments about her online. She answered, “People said I should be stopped from posting photos of myself because I'm too ugly. So I'd just like to share these three selfies.”
Her fans went wild, calling Blake a powerful woman.
“I feel like every time I post a selfie or share something about my life as a disabled woman, that is to fight back,” Blake said.
Among her fans is Mindy Scheier, CEO of Runway of Dreams. Last fall, Scheier asked Blake to be one of the event's 24 models.
“Being able to put Melissa in the fashion event of the year just shows how important it is to expand the consumers in the fashion industry, or what we're really representing,” Scheier says.
“It was a little scary,” Blake says of modeling. But she's glad she took the challenge. “When disabled people are included, it sends a message that we deserve a seat at the table in all aspects of life.”
1. What does the underlined word “That" in Paragraph 2 refer to?| A．Blake was interested in fashion. | B．Blake was born with a disability. |
| C．Blake found no disabled fashion models. | D．Blake suffered from 26 surgeries before 17. |
| A．By turning to Scheier for help. | B．By participating in some shows. |
| C．By arguing in fashion magazines. | D．By posting selfies or sharing her life. |
| A．Because Scheier appreciated her talents in modeling. |
| B．Because Scheier took pity on her unfortunate experiences. |
| C．Because the disabled should have a place in the fashion industry. |
| D．Because the disabled should have rights to express themselves online. |
| A．To promote a fashion show. | B．To introduce a disabled lady. |
| C．To expose sex inequality. | D．To report online comments. |
【推荐2】Chinese delivery driver, Gao Zhixiao, was featured on the cover of Time magazine in March because of his sense of commitment. Alongside five others, he was picked by the magazine as one of heroes during the novel coronavirus outbreak.
Ever since COVID-19 broke out, many restaurants have shut down or switched to takeout-only services. Millions of people have been staying at home to avoid getting infected. “People choose to order food online or buy fruit and vegetables to cook at home,” Gao told Time. As a result, delivery orders dramatically increased, placing a huge burden on delivery companies.
Born into a poor family in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Gao started to make a living in Beijing at age 16.After the novel coronavirus broke out, Gao hesitated for a second to continue working, but then picked up orders because he thought customers might be in need.
Due to the danger of person-to-person transmission, Gao must take care to avoid spreading viruses on his route around Beijing, including taking a regular health test and spending 20 minutes disinfecting his motorcycle and clothes each morning. Besides delivering goods, Gao once willingly cooked for an elderly customer who was living alone at her home.
It is the commitment of ordinary people like Gao that has made the biggest contributions in the fight against COVID-19.
1. What can we know from Paragraph 1?| A．Gao was chosen on the cover of Time magazine due to his selfless commitment. |
| B．Gao was the only one to deliver food during the novel coronavirus outbreak. |
| C．Gao manages a delivery company. |
| D．Gao comes from a rich family. |
| A．People were too lazy to go out for meals. |
| B．There was a discount if people chose delivery orders. |
| C．People were asked to order food online by the government. |
| D．People were afraid of being infected with the novel coronavirus by going out. |
| A．Hard-working and honest. | B．Brave and humorous. |
| C．Selfless and warm-hearted. | D．Positive and selfless. |
| A．The Horrible Pandemic | B．A Delivery Hero |
| C．A Brave Heart Beats Anything | D．Never Say Never |
【推荐3】Ruth Bader Ginsburg spent her life fighting for women to be treated equally. In doing so, she became an inspiring role model for women and girls around the world.
Her passion for women’s rights began when she was young. She started off her adult life having trouble finding a job. Even though she was smart, determined, and capable of doing the job, she was passed over primarily because she was a woman. She felt like she was being treated unfairly, or discriminated against, only because she was a woman. She wanted to do something about it. But at the time there were no laws in the United States to protect her.
She decided to devote her career to being a lawyer and fighting for equal rights of women. Then, early in her legal career, when she was 29 years old, Ms. Ginsburg took a trip to Sweden to perform legal research. What she saw really focused her on fighting for women in the workplace. Seeing the progress women had made in Sweden convinced her even more that America was behind and wrong in its treatment of women.
Back in the USA, laws advocating for women’s rights were missing. She decided that she would help invent laws, write them, and defend them. Ginsburg would also become a professor to help other women to become lawyers so that they could do the same thing. And then, in 1993, after years’ practicing and teaching laws, she became only the 2nd female justice of the Supreme Court.
At only 5'1" tall and as a generally quiet person, Ms. Ginsburg’s power came from her focus, her determination, and her integrity (诚实正直). She went on to become an inspiring role model for girls and women around the world and one of the most respected justices in history. She changed the lives of many women and girls in the United States and beyond.
1. Why did Ruth fail to get a job?| A．She was not an adult. | B．Women can not work by law. |
| C．She did something illegal. | D．She was treated unfairly. |
| A．She performed legal research in Sweden. | B．She escaped from her motherland. |
| C．She consulted lawyers of Sweden. | D．She fought with the USA government. |
| A．Optimistic. | B．Selfless. | C．Generous. | D．Determined. |
| A．Sweden—A Birthplace of Famous Lawyers |
| B．Ruth—A Supreme Fighter of Women’s Rights |
| C．A Famous Justice—A Pioneer of Americans’ Rights |
| D．The USA—A Country Fighting with Discrimination |
