【推荐1】My guide Farah, a tall, slim woman in her late 30s, wears jeans and a simple manteau. In public, wearing this robe(长袍）,covering neck to knee is a must for women in Iran. Her long, straight black hair is hidden beneath her headscarf.

We're heading to Tajrish Bazaar in north Tehran, to explore ten different kinds of dried plums and other goodies. We choose the Metro- Farah for its convenience, and I, for a chance to go underground in the capital of Iran, because it provides a picture of the city most tourists never see.

Women and men sit separately on the train, but the rule is relaxed during busy times, like now. We, along with a few other women, clasp(握紧）our hands around a pole, standing next to men, young and old. Two stops later, and about 20 commuters（通勤者）fewer, segregation happens naturally-women at one and,men at the other, still within view,but separate.

A handful of fashionable girls admire their own reflections in the window. They wear tight leggings under their brightly colored robes, pushing back headscarves and boundaries. We find seats next to a group of conservative women dressed in black cloaks（斗篷）called chador. They are nothing like the other women I have met, most of them liberal.

＂We're a nation with one language," Farah says, “divided in two-traditional and modern."She tells me that it' all began, not with imports from the West, but with the 1979 revolution. A combination of education and a bad economy created a society where women now have independence, careers, and husbands feel obliged to help with household chores.

1. Why did the author choose to take the Metro?

A．Because it was accessible and convenient.

B．Because she would see a more realistic city.

C．Because she could sit separately on the train.

D．Because she would travel markets for goodies.

2. When did the author most probably set out for Tajrish Bazaar?

A．In rush hours.

B．At dawn.

C．At midday.

D．At midnight.

3. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Conflict.

B．Isolation.

C．Combination.

D．Discrimination.

4. What can be inferred from the article?

A．Iranian girls can dress as freely as they like.

B．Iran has strict rules for seating arrangements.

C．Iranian men never offer help with housework.

D．Wearing a robe is a daily routine of Iranian women.

【推荐2】When I worked as a global media coordinator(协调员)for the United Nations several years ago, I organized biweekly conference calls,during which I would ask my colleagues around the world to provide information by particular deadlines. My colleagues almost always responded with a yes. but all too often, the deadlines came and went without the requested material. Finally, my South African boss had to explain what would never have occurred to me: in many cultures, it is rude lo say no. So some people would say yes to anything I asked, regardless of whether they had any intention of delivering.

If communicating internally at the UN was challenging, interacting with the outside world was much harder. How would we reach people in places where newspapers are televisions are still not widely available? How could we generate media coverage there? Communicating globally may require changing the way you interviewing senior communication professionals in 31 countries about how they help clients modify their messages and strategies for particular cultures. I have found that some of the biggest factors to consider when communicating in a new culture involve emotion, context and social expectations.

As an example of emotional differences, if I were to do a media interview in the US and become visibly angry at a reporter’s question, I would be seen as unstable. By contrast, in the Middle East (an area including the countries of Southwest Asia and Northeast Africa),when people are talking about a heated issue, they tend to display powerful feelings—those who stay cool and calm while discussing such a problem may be viewed as untrustworthy.

Another big cultural difference revolves around the level of “context” provided in a conversation. As an American, I am what is known as a low-context communicator (who communicates information in a direct manner that relies mainly on words rather than contextual elements such as tones and body language), so if I want something done, I say so frankly. In high-context cultures, as in Asia, people may do the opposite. You have to pick up on body language, tones, and other contextual cues to realize that your colleague who just said yes to you has actually communicated that she does not agree to your plan.

1. How did the author probably feel about those colleagues according to Paragraph 1?

A．Confused and upset.	B．Ashamed and guilty.
C．Satisfied and delighted.	D．Doubtful and uncertain.

2. What is often expected of Northeastern Africans when they discuss emotional questions?

A．Mild curiosity.	B．Remarkable ease.
C．Emotional responses.	D．Confident calmness.

3. What can we infer from the colleague mentioned in the last paragraph?

A．She may be€ from the United States.

B．She may prefer to speak in a direct way.

C．She may be a high-context communicator.

D．She may he influenced by low-context cultures.

4. What is most likely to he discussed in the paragraph that follows?

A．The main content of the author's book.

B．Cultural differences of social expectations.

C．Different meanings of yes in different cultures.

D．Important skills of communicating with colleagues.

【推荐3】Customs on either side of the Atlantic

We all know that Britain and the US are two countries connected by a common language. But in fact,     1    . as BBC did in a recent story called 8 Situations When Britons Behave Differently From Americans. Below Teens has picked out four for you. Take a look.

When someone knocks into you.

If someone bumps into an American, the victim will most likely look the accidental aggressor in the face and expect an apology. If however,     2    . chances are that the victim will say "sorry" before the other can make his or her own apology.

    3    

Britons don’t all change into evening dress for supper like what you may have seen in popular TV shows like Downton Abbey. But they do tend to make an effort when going out for dinner somewhere nice. Americans, however, will probably wear a casual shirt to a fancy eatery.

When you don't finish your food.

When dining out at a restaurant,     4     They think the food is somehow "tainted" once they’ve poked at it with a knife and fork. In the US, wrapping it up to take home is a standard practice.

When you get into a taxi.

Britons will give the cab driver an address, then assume that’s it for the interaction until it’s time to pay. Even if they’re being taken in a roundabout way,     5     In the US, however, most passengers think nothing of telling the driver what route to take after telling him or her the destination.

A．When you get dressed for dinner

B．When you go out with your friends

C．the differences are more fun to observe

D．they’re very unlikely to say anything

E．the victim happens to be British

F．Britons wouldn’t think to take the leftovers home

G．they will point it out immediately and politely

【推荐1】City trees grow faster and die younger than trees in rural forests, a new study finds.

Studies had shown forests take in greenhouse gas. But there hadn’t been much data on whether city trees grow, die and take in CO₂ at the same rate as forest trees do. So Lucy Hytyra and her workmates at Boston University in Massachusetts decided to find out.

To figure out how quickly trees were growing, the researchers tracked their diameters (直径) between 2005 and 2014. The team focused on red oaks and red maples growing on Boston streets. These trees grew four times faster than the same species did in a nearby forests. Faster-growing trees take in more CO₂. Over the nine years, the researchers tracked these trees, and they found city ones took in four times as much CO₂ from the air as the forest trees did. The city trees also, however, were twice as likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually take in more CO₂.

“City trees grow faster mainly because they have less competition for light from their neighbors,” Hutyra says. In a forests, trees tend to grow close together, shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮) in rainwater. Nitrogen is an element that helps plants grow. Still, she says that her team’s findings may not apply to arid cities. “In locations short of water like Phoenix or Los Angeles, city trees might respond differently because it’s very hot in the city and they have so little water.” At such sites, she says, “Trees might grow slower.”

So why were Boston’s streets trees twice as likely as their country cousins to die young? City roads can leave big-tree roots less room to grow. Plus, people often decide to cut down trees that are sick, or in the way of some desired building or view.

1. What can we learn from the research by Lucy’s team?

A．City trees live twice longer than forest trees.

B．Over their lifetime, forest trees actually take in more CO2.

C．Over the nine years, faster-growing trees breathe in less CO2.

D．On Boston streets red oaks grow much faster and taller than red maples.

2. City trees grow more quickly mainly because ________.

A．they live in hot weather	B．they take in more water
C．they tend to grow close together	D．they benefit from more light and nitrogen

3. What does the underlined word “arid” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Dry.

B．Busy.

C．Crowded.

D．Large.

4. What‘s the last paragraph mainly about?

A．The result of people’s behavior.

B．The relationship between people and trees.

C．The fact that the roots of city trees have more room.

D．The reasons why the street trees in Boston died young.

5. Where is the passage most likely from?

A．A travel journal.

B．A story book.

C．A science magazine.

D．A medical report

【推荐2】Plants are very important living things. Life could not go on if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight.

Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. Therefore animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us. If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Flowering plants can make seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit. Most non-flowering plants do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores (胚芽). Spores are very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as seeds. When these spores are all on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants.

1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ________.

A．plants are important for life	B．plants cannot grow without air
C．there are many plants in the world	D．we can not live without water

2. Plants can make food from ________.

A．flower, water and air	B．water, sunlight and air
C．air, water and soil	D．air, sun and light

3. What can we infer (推断) from the passage?

A．Of all living things animals are most important.

B．Spores are seeds.

C．All fruits of flowering plants have seeds.

D．Without plants, man will die out.

【推荐3】The vast Caspian Sea, though sometimes classed as a lake, is the largest landlocked body of water in the world. The gateway between Europe and Asia, it is bordered by Iran to the south, Azerbaijan and Russia to the west and Turkmenistan to the east, while Kazakhsta’s Mangystau region lies to the northeast. Many visitors crowd to Caspian Sea every year to experience its beauty.

FISHING

Fishing is a popular pastime and important industry throughout the waters of the Caspian Sea. From the shores of Mangystau in Kazakhstan, it is possible to rent fishing boats or join fishing tours to spend a day fishing on the water.

SAILING

The Caspian Sea is filled with boats, ferries and ships. It is a popular way to travel from other major port cities such as Baku in Azerbaijan to Aktau, or down the mighty Volga Canal. Meanwhile, on a smaller scale, boats can be rented from Aktau for a day on the water.

WATERSPORTS

The beaches of Mangystau, lapped by the waters of the Caspian Sea, are the jumping off points for many popular water sports. In the summer months especially, visitors enjoy sunbathing and taking a refreshing dip, while more active holidaymakers can windsurf and parasail to their hearts’ delight.

1. How many countries are there circling around the Caspian sea?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

2. What can you do if you want to fish on the Caspian Sea?

A．Buy your own boat.	B．Employ a local fisher.
C．Rent a fishing boat.	D．Buy fish on the boat.

3. What will you do if you are an adventurous person?

A．Go swimming.

B．Go diving.

C．Go sunbathing.

D．Go windsurfing.

【推荐1】Now is the best time for Hong Kong shopping lovers, as most shops and markets are having their seasonal sales. With the same amount of money, you can find different kinds of foods in this city. Women, young and old, rarely resist the attraction of this shopping paradise(乐园,天堂) at this time of year. Lovers will surely have an exciting Christmas and   New Year’s Eve celebrations at the Time Square or in the western styled bars. Spending your holiday in Hong Kong will be easy too, as several package tours are available from GZL Travel Service, with four-day tours for less than 15 000yuan.

● Tour package 1(3200yuan):a four-day-tour including three nights’ accommodation(膳宿供应), scenic helicopter flight, night ferry tour of Victoria Harbor and shuttle bus to the Peak to view the city at night.

●Tour package 2 (1880yuan): a four-day-shopping-tour including three nights’ accommodation, tours to Golden Beach and the Vexwork Museum, shuttle bus to the Peak and shopping opportunities.

● Tour package 3(1480yuan):a four-day-DIY-tour including three nights’ accommodation in a four-star hotel and total freedom to do what you want.

1. This advertisement is given by__________.

A．a Travel Service Company	B．a shopping center
C．a hotel	D．Hong Kong government

2. If you want to decide by yourself you’d better choose________.

A．Tour package 1	B．Tour package 2
C．Tour package 3	D．Tour package 2 and 3

3. According to the text, if you want to visit the Victoria Harbor at night with the tour guide, you can choose _____________.

A．Tour package 2	B．Tour package 1
C．Tour package 3	D．Tour package 1 and 2

【推荐2】It’s said that today more than $ 400 billion a year is spent on advertising worldwide. Beyond that the economic influence of advertising touches just about every consumer-product industry, from No wonder, it is widely recognized that the global economy is heavily being driven by advertisements.

A successful advertisement involves at least three things. The advertisers will first of all single out the market. That is, they need to determine who will buy the product. Then, they will work out the best way to appeal to this market. So they will take into consideration a number of desires or worries the market may have. Finally, they will design the advertising programme. That is, they will study what words and images their advertisement contains and what slogans（广告语）they plan to make use of. They will also consider employing famous people and using scientific data to support e product.

While in everyday life consumers have seen lots of successful examples of advertising like Nike, Coca-Cola, and McDonald’s, there are still some examples that do not reach the expected goal. One soap company had all its advertisements show dirty clothes on the left, its box of soap in the middle, and clean clothes on the right. Then it started its advertising programme in the Middle East. Unfortunately, since Arabic speakers read Arabic from the right to the left, many viewers when seeing the ad, thought to themselves, “Why, this soap makes clothes dirty!”

Therefore, advertisers have to be aware of cultural differences when they want to carry out international advertising programme in a foreign country. Study the cultural background of the customers, or ruin the advertising programme!

1. What should the advertisers do before designing an ad?

A．Conduct market research.

B．Remove customers’ worries.

C．Invite famous people to cooperate.

D．Employ scientific data to give evidence.

2. What can be learned from the text?

A．The global economy is determined by advertising.

B．The profits of advertising are beyond expectation.

C．The soap ad is successful in Arabic countries.

D．Cultural differences should be considered for international ads.

3. What is the best title of the passage?

A．Successful International Ads

B．Awareness of Cultural Differences

C．What Is Advertising?

D．How to Appeal to the Market?

【推荐3】2020 Journalism Workshop

Learn print,radio,television,digital

Washington,DC area high school students are invited to apply to the Washington Association of Black Journalists' annual Urban Journalism Workshop. WABJ has been guiding the next generation of journalists since 1986 through this program. UJW was started by longtime Chicago Tribune and St. Louis Times Dispatch reporter George Curry and former Washington Post reporter Athelia Knight. During the workshop, students learn the fundamentals of print, radio, TV and digital journalism. Current and former professional journalists with The Washington Post，NPR and other media companies volunteer to teach participants. A scholarship is offered for qualifying seniors.

● Sessions are held for eight continuous Saturdays from 29 February—18 April；9 am—4 pm.

● Scholarship criteria includes an essay, stories produced in the workshop, class attendance and participation in all eight sessions.

● High school students, all classifications, in the greater DC area are encouraged to apply.

Students should contact UJW Coordinator Trina Williams at ujwdc @ aol. com for details or check with their high school advisers.

To download an application, read more about available scholarships or learn about the Urban Journalism Workshop, visit www. ujwonline. org, or contact: UJW Coordinator Trina Williams at ujwdc @ aol. com.

Applications and required materials must be received by Friday, 31 January 2020.

1. What can be learned if the students join the workshop?

A．The management of the UJW.

B．The basic skills of digital journalism.

C．The classification of electronic devices.

D．The qualities of environmental journalists

2. Which date is suitable for participants to attend the workshop?

A．Saturday, 11 April.	B．Wednesday, 18 March .
C．Wednesday,29 January.	D．Saturday,22 February.

3. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A．Sports.	B．Education.
C．Science.	D．Entertainment.