When I worked as a global media coordinator(协调员)for the United Nations several years ago, I organized biweekly conference calls,during which I would ask my colleagues around the world to provide information by particular deadlines. My colleagues almost always responded with a yes. but all too often, the deadlines came and went without the requested material. Finally, my South African boss had to explain what would never have occurred to me: in many cultures, it is rude lo say no. So some people would say yes to anything I asked, regardless of whether they had any intention of delivering.
If communicating internally at the UN was challenging, interacting with the outside world was much harder. How would we reach people in places where newspapers are televisions are still not widely available? How could we generate media coverage there? Communicating globally may require changing the way you interviewing senior communication professionals in 31 countries about how they help clients modify their messages and strategies for particular cultures. I have found that some of the biggest factors to consider when communicating in a new culture involve emotion, context and social expectations.
As an example of emotional differences, if I were to do a media interview in the US and become visibly angry at a reporter’s question, I would be seen as unstable. By contrast, in the Middle East (an area including the countries of Southwest Asia and Northeast Africa),when people are talking about a heated issue, they tend to display powerful feelings—those who stay cool and calm while discussing such a problem may be viewed as untrustworthy.
Another big cultural difference revolves around the level of “context” provided in a conversation. As an American, I am what is known as a low-context communicator (who communicates information in a direct manner that relies mainly on words rather than contextual elements such as tones and body language), so if I want something done, I say so frankly. In high-context cultures, as in Asia, people may do the opposite. You have to pick up on body language, tones, and other contextual cues to realize that your colleague who just said yes to you has actually communicated that she does not agree to your plan.
1. How did the author probably feel about those colleagues according to Paragraph 1?| A．Confused and upset. | B．Ashamed and guilty. |
| C．Satisfied and delighted. | D．Doubtful and uncertain. |
| A．Mild curiosity. | B．Remarkable ease. |
| C．Emotional responses. | D．Confident calmness. |
| A．She may be€ from the United States. |
| B．She may prefer to speak in a direct way. |
| C．She may be a high-context communicator. |
| D．She may he influenced by low-context cultures. |
| A．The main content of the author's book. |
| B．Cultural differences of social expectations. |
| C．Different meanings of yes in different cultures. |
| D．Important skills of communicating with colleagues. |
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【推荐1】Experts praise the virtues of social connectivity. It’s linked to better resistance to stress and even longer life.
Relationships are often strongest when each person takes time to take care of themselves. Even when it comes to friendships, the old saying may be true. A little absence might really make the heart grow fonder. Having friendships and a strong social support system is important for your mental health and well-being.
| A．Being alone is harmful if it feels like a punishment. |
| B．Being alone gives you time to focus on your interests. |
| C．Being alone, on the other hand, is often associated with loneliness. |
| D．Research has shown that many people actually prefer being on their own. |
| E．However, research is increasingly showing that doing things alone does pay off. |
| F．Brainstorming together is often seen as one of the best ways to generate new ideas. |
| G．But being alone occasionally may make you appreciate those connections even more. |
【推荐2】Looking back, Geoff Banks of Devon, England can hardly even remember how he first started writing to his American friend, Celesta Byrne.
Geoff and Celesta were given each other's names and addresses as part of a school pen pal program back in 1938. They're both now 100 years old, and a lot has changed in the past 84 years: their age changed: their appearance changed; but one thing has not—they still use the traditional way to contact.
“I honestly struggle to remember something, but I was talking to Celesta recently and I think it was something to do with an American school's scheme, Geoff said.” They matched us up with Americans for a pen pal relationship, and somehow I ended up with this letter from an American girl, and we've just kept corresponding（通信）ever since. "
Geoff and Celesta's relationship never turned romantic, but they shared a lot over the decades. They kept up their correspondence through World War II, sending updates about their families, friends, and work. In 2002, they finally got a chance to meet in person during a trip to New York City. Two years later, they met up again, but ever since then they've gone back to pen and paper.
Recently, they've switched to digital forms of communication to stay in touch, something that's easier has been easier on their eyes and hands. Their children have helped them set up email accounts.
“I've known this new thing called Zoom, I think, now to chat with her, but I leave all the technology to younger people. Deep down, I refuse to use Zoom. Writing to Celesta has been a source of great satisfaction'for me over the years,” said Geoff.
Celesta says their relationship is “like people who live next door”. “You know how they're doing, you say a few words, and then you both go to work,” she explained. “She's always been there to write to, even if it was just birthday cards and Christmas cards,” Geoff added.
1. What do Geoff and Celesta insist on doing over the 80 years?| A．Enjoying telling jokes. | B．Writing to each other. |
| C．Creating a program. | D．Keeping a secret. |
| A．How they got in touch. | B．Why they liked writing. |
| C．What they both liked to do. | D．When they ran a scheme. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Unclear. | C．Doubtful. | D．Disapproving. |
| A．To introduce a way to make friends. | B．To teach us skills of writing letters. |
| C．To tell us a tale of lifelong friends. | D．To stress the power of technology. |
【推荐3】Studying abroad is complicated. Apart from academic matters that needed to be dealt with, you also need to maintain a great many personal relationships.
In the first half year, we had no big conflicts.
After enduring for half a year, I told my parents I wanted to change to a Chinese host family, so that there would be less incompatible living habits.
In the end, I chose to stay with that family and I gradually realized that they were actually nice people.
| A．Another thing was about housing. |
| B．Luckily, my parents were of timely help. |
| C．But sometimes I did feel like fish out of water. |
| D．Therefore, we have to force ourselves to mature quickly. |
| E．From then on, I learned to communicate more with them. |
| F．Instead, sometimes I felt as comfortable there as at home. |
| G．However, my proposal was strongly rejected by my father. |
【推荐1】The Four Famous Embroideries (刺绣) of China refer to the Xiang embroidery in Hunan Province, Shu embroidery in Sichuan Province, Yue embroidery in Guangdong Province and Su embroidery in Jiangsu Province.
Xiang embroidery
The earliest piece of Xiang embroidery was unearthed at the No. 1 Tomb of Mawangdui, Changsha City of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. —A.D. 220). The weaving technique was almost the same as the one used in modern times, which shows that embroidery had already existed in the Han Dynasty. In its later development, it absorbs the characteristics of traditional Chinese paintings and reaches a high artistic level. Xiang embroidery crafts include valuable works of art, as well as products for daily use.
Shu embroidery
Shu embroidery has formed its own unique characteristics: smooth, bright, neat, etc. The works choose flowers, animals, mountains, rivers and human figures as their themes. The craftsmanship of Shu embroidery involves a combination of fine art and practical uses, such as the facings of quilts, pillowcases, coats and screen covers.
Yue embroidery
Influenced by national folk art, Yue embroidered pictures are mainly of dragons and phoenixes (凤凰), and flowers and birds, with neat designs and strong, contrasting colors.
Gold-and-silk thread embroidery is widely used, even for crafts of daily use.
Su embroidery
The weaving techniques of Su embroidery are characterized by the flat surface, dense lines, even pictures and harmonious colors. Su embroidery products fall into 3 major categories: costumes, decorations for halls and crafts for daily use. Double-sided embroidery is an excellent representative of Su embroidery.
1. The unearthed embroidery at Mawangdui shows Xiang embroidery’s _______.| A．time-honoured history | B．excellent designs |
| C．artistic value | D．advanced techniques |
| A．Xiang embroidery | B．Shu embroidery |
| C．Yue embroidery | D．Su embroidery |
| A．All are rooted in folk art. | B．All are valuable artworks. |
| C．All share the same themes. | D．All have practical use. |
The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of citied and towns. It started from eastern China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea. It was used from about 200 B, C, to about A, D, 1300, when sea travel offered new routes(路线) , It was sometimes called the world’s longest highway. However, the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through what are now 18 countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe.
The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia. Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China. Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods. Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West. Apples traveled from central Asia to Rome. The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁接) different trees together to make new kinds of fruit. They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to world-wide business 2,000 years before the World Wide Web.
The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning, diplomacy(外交), and religion (宗教)
1. It’s probable that traders along the Silk Road needed .
| A．to remember the entire trade route | B．to know the making of products |
| C．to receive certain special training | D．to deal with a lot of difficulties |
| A．it was made up of different routes | B．silk trading became less popular |
| C．sea travel provided easier routes | D．people needed fewer foreign goods |
| A．learned from one another | B．shared each other’s beliefs |
| C．traded goods along the route | D．earned their living by traveling |
| A．The Silk Road ; Past and Present | B．The Silk Road; East Meets West |
| C．The Silk Road; Routes Full of Dangers | D．The Silk Road; Pathways for Learning |
【推荐3】Welcome to the Civic Art Museum's Exhibit of West African Art, showing pieces from our collections.
Background
The peoples of West Africa, including the Yoruba, the Dogon, the Igbo, and the Akan, have a long art tradition. Tribes (部落) in the area have developed different styles of art and architecture that are suited to the climate and available materials and based on their traditions.
Gallery A: Photographs of Traditional West African Architecture
This section shows historical and contemporary photographs of traditional West African architecture. Of particular interest are the photographs of the Dogon village. The design of the Dogon village is based on the human figure. Certain types of buildings are placed in particular areas according to the Dogon's complex philosophical tradition. For example, the men's houses are placed in the “head” of the village, the leader's house is in the “chest,” and the women's houses are in the “hands.”
Gallery B: West African Masks
The art of mask making is well developed in West Africa. Masks are important to West African traditions and have clear social, political, and economic roles. However, most masks are worn only at particular times or on special occasions. For example, among the Dan and the Kota, certain people wear special masks to show their power when they act as judges and policemen within the community. Among the Bambara of Mali, headdresses are worn during planting and harvest celebrations.
Gallery C: West African Sculptures
West African sculptures are made from materials such as metal or wood. They are based on tribal traditions and are quite different. The Dogon are especially known for making figures of their ancestors (祖先). They believe their ancestors, called Nommo, came down from the sky at the beginning of time. Nommo figures are often shown with their hands reaching out to the sky. The collection contains several wonderful examples of Nommo sculptures.
1. What is special about Dogon houses?| A．They are shaped like human beings. |
| B．They are designed by the village leader. |
| C．They are grouped according to tradition. |
| D．They have many photographs inside them. |
| A．have recently developed |
| B．play many different roles |
| C．are mainly worn at harvest time |
| D．show the everyday life of the Dan |
| A．They are afraid of Nommo figures. |
| B．They make statues of their ancestors. |
| C．They believe they will return to the sky. |
| D．They straighten their arms to show respect. |
【推荐1】A first-year undergraduate student in Chengdu, recently complained online that her mother refused to raise her monthly allowance to 4, 500 yuan （ $ 633） even when she said her current allowance 2,000 yuan was not enough to cover her expenses, sparking a debate on how much money a college student needs per month. One expert shares his views on the issue with China Daily: Students should pursue education, not comfort.
Even for a college student studying in a first -tier city in China, 2, 000 yuan is enough to cover all his or her monthly expenses. In fact, for a college student in Chengdu a monthly allowance of 2, 000 yuan is more than enough. According to a survey conducted by a bookkeeping platform, the average monthly expense for an undergraduate in cities other than Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou was less than 2, 000 yuan in 2019; for Chengdu, it was 1, 900 yuan.
Claiming that she can hardly afford new clothing and cosmetics with her 2, 000 yuan monthly allowance, the undergraduate student in Chengdu criticized her mother for refusing to raise her pocket money. Her “meager” allowance, she said, prevented her from buying branded goods that her hostel-mates enjoyed.
By the time a person enters a college, she or he should have developed a healthy consumption habit. And a youth should adjust her or his consumption according to her or his family income. On a deeper level, the money they spend in college should depend on how much they value their parents’ hard work. Besides, some college students could take up part-time jobs to meet their monetary needs if they feel their parents don't or can’t send them enough money. In this way they can also learn to meet the requirements of life in the future and develop healthy consumption ion habits. More importantly, they should always bear in mind that education is their top priority in college.
1. What's the expert' s attitude to the issue about the undergraduate student?| A．supportive. | B．neutral. | C．He was critical. | D．He was unconcerned. |
| A．less than 2, 000 yuan | B．633 dollars | C．more than 2, 000 | D．1, 900 yuan |
| A．Empty. | B．Fruitful. | C．Mean. | D．Pitiful. |
| A．College students should keep their expenses in line with their family conditions. |
| B．College students should deal with their living expenses problems reasonably. |
| C．College students consumption level is determined by their parents. |
| D．College students should take up a part-time job to cover their expenses. |
【推荐2】Driving to a friend’s house on a recent evening,I was attracted by the sight of the full moon rising just above my friend’s rooftops.I stopped to watch it for a few moments,thinking about what a pity it was that most city people,myself included,usually miss sights like this because we spend most of our lives indoors.
My friend had also seen it.He grew up living in a forest in Europe,and the moon meant a lot to him then.It had touched much of his life.
I know the feeling.Last December I took my seven-year-old daughter to the mountainous jungle of northern India with some friends.We stayed in a forest rest-house with no electricity or hot water.Our group had campfires outside every night,and indoors when it was too cold outside.The moon grew to its fullest during our trip.Between me and the high mountains lay three or four valleys.Not a light shone in them and not a sound could be heard.It was one of the quietest places I had ever known,a bottomless well of silence.And above me was the full moon,which struck me deeply.
Today our lives are filled with glass,metal,plastic and fibre-glass.We have televisions,cellphones,heaters,ovens,air-conditioners,cars and computers.
Struggling through traffic that evening at the end of a tiring day,most of it spent indoors,I thought:before long,I would like to live in a small cottage.There I will grow vegetables and read books and walk in the mountains.I may become an old man there,and wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled and measure out my life in coffee spoons.But I will be able to walk outside on a cold silent night and touch the moon.
1. The writer felt sorry for himself because .| A．there was too much pollution |
| B．he usually missed the full moon sights |
| C．he didn’t adapt to modern inventions |
| D．there were too many accidents on the road |
| A．No modern equipment. |
| B．Complete silence. |
| C．The nice full moon. |
| D．The high mountains. |
| A．show that the writer likes city life very much |
| B．tell us that people greatly benefit from modern life |
| C．explain that people have few chances to enjoy nature |
| D．show that we can also enjoy nature at home through them |
| A．Touched by the Moon |
| B．The Pleasures of Modern Life |
| C．A Bottomless Well of Silence |
| D．Break away from Modern Life |
【推荐3】When I was a young man, I had a big ego (自负) and very little empathy (同理心). I thought I knew everything. I looked forward to fame and success. I can even remember proudly telling one of my friends in college: “If only everyone listened to me, they would all be happy.” I finally left school, ready to take on the world. Little did I know the world was about to take on me.
In the years following college, instead of success, I found struggles. I had trouble finding work. The jobs I did work at were either temporary or back-breaking and none of them paid well. When my wife and I had children, we were shocked to learn that not one but both of our sons had autis (自闭症) and would need to be taken care of for the rest of their lives. I had no idea why this had happened to us and I was very angry with the world.
In time, however, I began to change. My formerly massive ego was shrinking fast and my empathy was beginning to grow. Instead of finding joy in success, I found it in moments of love. Playing and laughing with my sons brought me so much happiness. My boys taught me more about peace, patience, kindness, joy, and unconditional love than I could have ever learned on my own. I began to share the lessons I learned through my writing and my life.
I finally realized that my purpose in this world had nothing to do with fame or success but everything to do with allowing love and light into my life and sharing it with everyone I could.
1. What was the author like when he was young?| A．He was popular. |
| B．He was a top student. |
| C．He was overconfident about his abilities. |
| D．He was warm-hearted to others. |
| A．found a tiring but well-paid job |
| B．wanted to live a challenging life |
| C．didn’t want to have children early |
| D．suffered many difficulties in life |
| A．The time with his family. |
| B．The books he wrote. |
| C．The difficulties in his work. |
| D．The improvement in his life. |
| A．Life can be very hard for some people. |
| B．Parents need to be patient with their kids. |
| C．It’s important to learn how to be a father. |
| D．The purpose of life is to share love. |
【推荐1】Whether you admit it or not, people's love for Christmas Jumper（毛衣）around Christmas has increased over recent years. And while you may be less willing to get involved in the Christmas jumper trend, Christmas Jumper Day now enables you to do more with your jumper than build up sweat in an incredibly warm office.
The origin of the Christmas jumper can date back to the late 19th century in the USA. Americans in the 1930s knitted（编织）for Christmas to create an item of clothing to keep them “warm” during the Great Depression（大萧条）when people led a poor and miserable life. They copied the jumpers they saw their favorite stars wearing on the big screen. From the 1950s, it was common to see American families wearing festive jumpers as they sat down to eat their Christmas dinner.
Now, alongside wearing a festive jumper for the fun of it, there are other positive outcomes. Christmas Jumper Day has been set up to stimulate people to make the world better and raise funds for save the Children by wearing a Christmas jumper and making a minimum donation of £1. Ladbrokes, a company in the UK, is running a competition in which all you have to do is to take a selfie（自拍）outside of one of their shops while wearing a jumper—the winner will win a good prize and for every submission（提交作品）, Ladbrokes will donate £5 to St. Luke's Hospice charity. For you, it's a win-win situation.
If you're still unconvinced that it's about time you bought yourself a Christmas jumper, then maybe the fact that Taylor Swift, Justin Bieber and Snoop Dogg have all been spotted wearing Christmas jumpers will raise your enthusiasm. Retailer（零售商）such as Topshop, Burberry and H&M have also become devoted to Christmas Jumper Day and have their very own types of Christmas jumpers.
1. Which statement is true according to paragraph 1?| A．Wearing Christmas jumpers in the office has been a trend. |
| B．Wearing Christmas jumpers can make you incredibly warm. |
| C．Christmas jumpers have gained huge popularity. |
| D．Christmas jumpers serve many functions. |
| A．To protect them from cold weather. | B．To lift their spirits. |
| C．To follow the stars. | D．To form a tradition. |
| A．demand | B．advise | C．encourage | D．persuade |
【推荐2】Safety and Security Procedures
Your safety and the security of your personal property are of the primary concern to those of us who welcome you as our guest. We urge you to take advantage of the following suggestions.
GUEST ROOM SECURITY
For additional security, use the deadbolt (插锁) provided on your door and make sure the windows are locked. As an additional precautious measure, please secure the secondary locks provided. Do not admit anyone to your room without first making identification. A one-way viewer is provided in your door to assist with identification. If there is any doubt about the person’s identity, please contact the Front Desk.
SAFETY BOXES
Do not leave money or valuables in your room or vehicle. We provide free safety boxes for you. We are not responsible for items left in room valued over $200.
KEYS
Safeguard your key. Please do not leave it in the door. Do not give your key to others or leave it unattended. Please leave your key at the Front Desk when you check out.
FIRE
Please familiarize yourself with the nearest fire exits. Report fire or smoke to the hotel operator. In the unlikely event of a fire, please move quickly and calmly to the nearest safe exit and leave the building. Avoid the use of the elevator.
1. What should you do with a suspicious-looking stranger who knocks at your door?| A．Pretend you are not in the room. | B．Send him to the police station. |
| C．Get in touch with the Front Desk. | D．Let him in to make sure of his identity. |
| A．In your cars. | B．In the room. |
| C．At the Front Desk. | D．In the free safety box. |
| A．Try your best to put out the fire. |
| B．Report fire to your leader first. |
| C．Leave the building through the safe exit. |
| D．Use the electric lift to leave as fast as possible. |
| A．At a gym. | B．At a hotel. |
| C．At a shop. | D．At a bank. |
【推荐3】When something on your fruit or vegetable looks strange, it isn't unusual to throw it to the side. without any hesitation. But some “unusual" parts of fruits and vegetables actually contain abundant amounts of health benefits or they may offer other little known uses. Those stings in your banana are no different.
Often thrown away with its skin, banana strings, which are scientifically called phloem bundles, are just as nutritious as the rest( inner pat) of the fruit. They are packed full of fibre, vitamin A, and vitamin B6 and other nutritional content, Phloem can be found in all plants, which is responsible for the transport of nutrients.“ Phloem bundles are made up of living cells that send food products and sugar to all the different parts of the plant," says Rebecca Lee, a registered nurse and the founder of remediesforme. com. And that is exactly what those strings do in the banana, transporting necessary nutrients throughout the delicious fruit so that it can grow up properly.
“They are not disgusting, and they just help the banana grow and become delicious," Dr. Elizabeth Trattner A. P. DOM, Doctor of Chinese and Integrative Medicine, told Reader's Digest. “It is fine to eat and although is structure is a little different from the inside.
Those phloem bundles can also be used to determine if your banana is ready to eat. If all of the nutrients haven't been transported completely in a balanced way throughout the fruit yet, then the phloem bundles stay on more tightly, meaning the banana is under ripe. Then the opposite occurs with ripe and over ripe bananas, as the strings can be removed more easily. But if your bananas do end up bring over-ripe. throw them away? Absolutely not!
1. What are the strings of a banana?| A．It’s nutrition producers. | B．It’s transporting cells. |
| C．It’s fleshy inner parts. | D．It’s protective skins. |
| A．The banana is not ripe enough. | B．The phloem's structure is tight. |
| C．The nutrients are distributed fully. | D．The phloem bundles become longer. |
| A．The ways to deal with over -ripe bananas. | B．The reasons for bananas being over -ripe. |
| C．The steps of stopping bananas being ripe. | D．The links between phloem and ripe bananas. |
| A．A biology textbook. | B．A research paper. | C．A medical brochure. | D．A health magazine. |
