Many wildflowers of spring in eastern North America bloom thanks to ants. The tiny six-legged gardeners have partnered with those plants and about 11, 000 others to spread their seeds. The plants，in turn, “pay” for the service by attaching a calorie-loaded appendage (附属物) to each seed, much like fleshy fruits remunerate birds and mammals that desert seeds or poop (排泄) them out. But there's more to the ant-seed relationship than that exchange, researchers reported last week at the annual meeting of the Ecological Society of America, which was held online.
Many ants eat seeds. Certain plants attach a nutritive globe called an elaiosome to their seed coats, which serves as a favorite lunch for the ants’ young and gives ants a handle on seeds that can be bigger than their heads. Until now, researchers assumed the ants simply carry the seeds to their nests, feed the elaiosome to their young, and deposit the seed either outside or inside at the colony's “garbage dump”, which provides a rich environment for shooting.
In both the field and the lab, Chelsea Miller presented ants with seeds from various trillium (延龄花) species and found the ants were quick to pick up some species’ seeds while leaving others to rot, Miller said. To find out how ants make their choices, Miller and Susan Whitehead at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) used techniques to analyze the chemical makeup of elaiosomes. They found that ants pick seeds based on the specific combination and concentrations of acid and other compounds (化合物) made by the plant, 20 of which are unique to trilliums. The ants’ tastes may affect plant species’ distributions, say Kirsten Prior, an ecologist at Binghamton University: “Widespread trillium species are preferred by seed-dispersing ants compared to rare trillium species.”
Melissa Burt, an ecologist at Virginia Tech, hopes these studies bring ants new respect. “Many people who talk about ants only know them as insects that are taking over their kitchens, but many ants perform important functions in ecosystems,” she says. “Seed dispersal is just one of those.”
1. What does the underlined word “remunerate” probably mean?| A．Attract. | B．Track. | C．Free. | D．Reward. |
| A．It's a tasty treat for young ants. | B．It's no smaller than ants’ heads. |
| C．It is used as young ants’ new nest. | D．It can be used as a weapon to protect ants. |
| A．To analyze the specific combination affecting the plant growth. |
| B．To find out the reason for ants preferring some seeds to others. |
| C．To prove the accuracy of their lab techniques applied in the field. |
| D．To understand the way of ants distributing different plant species’ seeds. |
| A．Annoying. | B．Greedy. | C．Creative. | D．Hardworking. |
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【推荐1】The Smithsonian National Zoo in Washington began a six-month celebration on March 16 of the 50th anniversary of the arrival of two giant pandas, celebrating the close cooperation between China and the United States in panda exchanges and preservation. On April 16, visitors can enjoy lion dance performances, and calligraphy exhibitions. They also can speak with the zoo’s scientists and watch the pandas receive special nutritious treats.
In 1972, then-US President Richard Nixon and his wife, Pat, made a historic visit to China. At an appreciation dinner before they left China, Premier Zhou Enlai told Pat that China would present the US with two pandas, which surprised and delighted her.
The pandas, Ling Ling and Hsing Hsing, arrived at the National Zoo on April 16, 1972. They lived there for more than 20 years, before passing away in the 1990s.
A new panda couple, Mei Xiang and Tian Tian, arrived at the zoo in 2000. They still live at the zo0 with their cub, Xiao QiJi (Little Miracle). The couple’s other three cubs, Tai Shan, Bao Bao and Bei Bei were returned to China.
“After 50 years, giant pandas remain an iconie species for our zoo,” said Brandie Smith, director of the national zoo. “More importantly, they show how great conservation outcomes can be achieved through great partnerships with our Chinese colleagues.”
Usually, Smith and her coworkers visit their Chinese partners several times a year to share knowledge about pandas. Chinese experts also go to the US. During the pandemic, they have communicated through emails and video calls. Smith said it has been “as good as it always is” as they have had a good relationship for many years. She said she hopes the program will last at least 50 more years. Chinese Ambassador to the US Cui Tiankai said “We are connected again in the growth of our little ambassador.”
The pandas have been seen by tens of millions of US people, Brooklyn, a 3-year-old girl, said she wanted more panda mommies and panda babies to come to the zoo.
1. What can visitors do during the celebration?| A．Communicate with the zoo’s experts. | B．Treat the pandas to special nutritious food. |
| C．Take part in lion dance performances. | D．Enjoy exhibitions about the pandas. |
| A．2. | B．3. | C．5. | D．8. |
| A．They have trouble in adapting to a different living environment. |
| B．They have been living in the zoo for at least 100 years. |
| C．They show joint efforts made by experts from both two countries. |
| D．They are the most popular animals at the American National Zoos. |
| A．American experts lost touch with Chinese partners during the pandemic. |
| B．Pandas in the Smithsonian’s National Zoo are not taken good care of. |
| C．All of the new panda couple’s cubs were sent back to China after their birth. |
| D．Sending pandas to the US developed friendship between the two countries. |
【推荐2】More than half of the world’s wild tiger population are threatened by roads built dangerously close to their habitats, and giant projects planned across Asia could put tigers at even greater risk.
Tigers’ habitats have reduced by 40% since 2006, leaving fewer than 4000 of the animals in the wild. Those living near roads are particularly attacked because they are at risk of being hit by vehicles, have more difficulties finding food, and are easier to be killed. Using a global dataset, Neil Carter at the University of Michigan and his colleagues calculated that the tiger’s current range, which mostly distributed in south and south-east Asia, contains 134,000 kilometres of roads. They estimated that 57% of tigers live within 5 kilometres of these roads, which is considered dangerously close.
This close to roads could be decreasing the world’s tiger population by more than20%, the researchers’ modelling suggests. Nearly 24,000 kilometres of new roads are planned for construction within the tiger’s range by 2050, which will make it even harder for the animals to avoid these risks.
“New roads could be made more tiger-friendly by building them away from key tiger populations, banning overnight traffic, installing road signs to warn drivers of the presence of tigers, and building tiger-friendly crossings so that wild animals can safely cross forests on both sides of the road,” says Carter. These have been built on roads and highways in Malaysia.
In 2010, all 13 countries with wild tiger populations committed to a plan to double the tiger population by 2022. By 2016, research suggested that the global wild tiger population stopped declining and had increased. “Building tiger-friendly roads will be crucial to reaching this goal,” says Carter.
1. What does paragraph 2 mainly show?| A．Tigers are endangered species. |
| B．Tigers are too lazy to go around. |
| C．Tigers’ habitats have been threatened. |
| D．The tigers’ population has decreased a lot. |
| A．Building fewer new roads. |
| B．Building protection areas for tigers. |
| C．Building special roads for tigers to go through. |
| D．Improving the living conditions of tigers. |
| A．Worried. | B．Optimistic. |
| C．Conservative. | D．Critical. |
| A．How to protect tigers. |
| B．How to build tiger-friendly roads. |
| C．Wild tiger population will increase. |
| D．Road-building threatens the tigers’ habitats. |
【推荐3】An estimated 60 percent of cats and 50 percent of dogs in the U. S. are overweight or obese, so chances are that your pet needs to lose weight rather than pack on some pounds. It's not always easy to tell if your pet could afford to lose few, but there are some other signs that can tip you off. One important factor the waist, "Most people don't know what a normal cat should look like," says Romine. "But cats should have waists, too." The vet says you should be able to feel your pet's ribs（肋骨） through its coat, and when you look down at them, they should have an hourglass（沙漏）shape---just like person.
"For some overweight pets, you may want to switch to new food entirely; foods with 'light' or 'healthy weight' labels usually have an increased fiber content to help the dog or cat feel fuller," Romine notes. "Another option is to feed them less of the food they currently cat," Freeman suggests. "Make sure you're reducing table scraps（残羹剩饭）and high-calorie treats like pet biscuits," she says.
It's important to figure out what your pet's ideal weight is as you're helping them to lose. Romine advises working with your vet to get the right number, and if you're following the portion guidelines often printed on food labels, feed them the amount of food associated with the weight you want them to be, rather than the weight they currently are.
Food isn't the only factor that can impact your pet's weight. Romine stresses the importance of exercise in keeping your pet healthy. For cats, just 10 minutes of indoor play each day can make a difference. For dogs, letting them out in the backyard to do their business is not enough. You'll have to exercise with your dog to really get them moving.
1. What is the problem with the pet from the text?| A．It needs to lose weight. | B．It needs have waists |
| C．It needs to pack on pounds. | D．It needs to be more energetic. |
| A．The food with an decreased fiber. | B．The food from table scraps. |
| C．The food with "light" labels. | D．The food with new label. |
| A．A partner. | B．Exercise. |
| C．Pet biscuits. | D．Protein. |
| A．A biology textbook. | B．A travel brochure. |
| C．A recipe book. | D．pet magazine. |
【推荐1】“THE ANT AND THE ZEBRA” sounds like the title of a Aesop’s fable. Like all good fables, this one has a moral, which is that tinkering with nature has unpredictable consequences. Unlike the Greek originals, though, this fable is real.
The story plays out in Laikipia county, Kenya. The characters include big-headed ants, an invasive species, the native acacia ants, these invasive ants have gradually been replacing, the whistling-thorn trees where both sorts of ants live, a cast of elephants, lions, zebras and buffalo, and Douglas Kamaru, a Kenyan biologist in the University of Wyoming. As Mr Kamaru reports this week in Science, the ant invasion has set off a complicated chain of consequences which has helped zebras at the expense of buffalo — thus illustrating a phenomenon called “trophic cascade”.
It works like this. Whistling-thorns have co-evolved with the local ants. The trees provide the ants with shelter and food, in the form of large, hollow thorns into which they produce nutritious nectar. The ants, meanwhile, protect the trees by seeing off the chief threat to them, the local elephants, which are not keen to feed on trees crawling with biting insects.
Acacia ants’ habitat are thickly carpeted with whistling-thorns. Big-headed ants, however, are not good at keeping the elephants at bay. The elephants move in and bite the trees, removing much of the area’s cover. That upsets the local lions, which often use this cover to hide when hunting zebra. To compensate, the lions switch to hunting buffalo, which are more dangerous, but less fleet of foot.
Mr Kamaru has put numbers to the process, too. In invaded areas, elephants break trees five to seven times as often as in uninvaded ones. And in those uninvaded places, zebra kills are almost three times as frequent as in the invaded ones. Indeed, between 2003 and 2020, as the big-headed ants have spread, the percentage of local lion kills where the victims was a zebra fell from 67% to 42%. Over the same period, the percentage of kills that were buffalo rose from zero to 42%. Whether the buffalo blame the ants for their misfortune, no one knows.
1. What does the underlined phrase “tinkering with” probably mean in the 1st paragraph?| A．making changes to | B．paying attention to |
| C．finding fault with | D．showing respect for |
| A．animal habitat in a specific area was preserved |
| B．an invasive species suffered a lack of food supply |
| C．certain plants were affected by human activities |
| D．a particular species in the food chain was replaced |
| A．Because it becomes less risky to hunt the buffalo. |
| B．Because greater visibility makes it hard to hunt zebra. |
| C．Because they are not good at keeping the elephants away. |
| D．Because they are upset by the presence of big-headed ants. |
| A．How ants and buffalo defeated lions. |
| B．How elephants landed zebra in trouble. |
| C．How trees changed lions’ dinner menu. |
| D．How ants persuaded lions to eat buffalo. |
【推荐2】All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy and happy, and to live longer.
Many people like to watch others play games. They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games. Often they get very excited when “their” player or team wins.
Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake, whether in China, Egypt or Italy! And think of people in cold countries. Think how many people love to skate or ski in Norway or Canada.
Some sports or games go back thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese wushu, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet. People are inventing new sports or games all the time. Waterskiing is one of the newest in the family of sports.
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other. But after a game together they may become good friends. Sports help to train a person’s character. One learns to fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace (风度).
1. Why do people all over the world enjoy sports?| A．Because they keep people healthy. | B．Because they keep people happy. |
| C．Because sports help to keep them to live longer. | D．All of the above. |
| A．Because their favorite team wins. | B．Because they win the game. |
| C．Because they get the good news. | D．Because they can’t help themselves. |
| A．people | B．all countries | C．some sports | D．fans |
| A．Waterskiing. | B．Basketball. | C．Sailing. | D．Jumping. |
| A．People like catching fish |
| B．People are interested in jumping |
| C．People enjoy themselves swimming in the water |
| D．People feel happy when washing in the water |
【推荐3】Whether you’re interested in green agriculture and rainforest conservation or supporting sustainable sources, organizations worldwide are investing time and effort into various environmental protection projects. Volunteers are always needed to help with the different initiatives to protect the environment.
The past years has been bothered by an endless report of natural disasters occurring in geographically weak locations. Floods are affecting the places that previously never faced this problem while heat waves, droughts and earthquakes are becoming the norm. Important wildlife and plant species are disappearing and threatening the planet’s biodiversity. According to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), there are other problems: deforestation, pollution, water scarcity, illegal fishing and wildlife trade.
The ongoing industrialization and the lack of awareness are taking its toll (毁坏) and it’s time for that to change. Most people remain inactive, believing small changes won’t make a difference. However, there are many ways to help. Small changes carried out by some people do make a difference.
Excellent examples of this are organizations that believe small initiatives have a significant impact. These projects arc growing steadily and positively affecting the environmental conservation and influencing the local community. They are creating awareness among others and helping them understand the importance of environmental conservation while creating volunteer opportunities to help the environment.
The organizations will learn valuable skills about environmental conservations but most importantly, they are moving towards change. There are enough environmental volunteer opportunities that need your help and there’s no time to waste! Continue reading about environmental volunteer programs abroad and take steps toward environmental conservation.
There are plenty of options once you decide to become an environmental volunteer. The tasks will depend on the project you have decided to volunteer with and can vary greatly. With over 130 projects focusing on the environment, you’ll find projects that match both your skill set and travel preference.
1. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?| A．The threats the earth is facing. |
| B．The influence of natural disasters. |
| C．The need to know natural disasters. |
| D．The difficulty in protecting the earth. |
| A．They try to find ways. |
| B．They keep sitting by. |
| C．They start to get involved. |
| D．They make small changes. |
| A．It’s easier said than done. |
| B．It’ll be all right on the night. |
| C．Where there’s life, there is hope. |
| D．There is no time like the present. |
| A．To call on people to be environmental volunteers. |
| B．To show the serious problems of the environment. |
| C．To discuss the ways of environmental conservation. |
| D．To explain the reasons for protecting the environment. |
【推荐1】One of the best-known American writers of children’s books is Alfred Strong, or Doctor Strong, as he is better known to readers everywhere. Now, an art show called “Doctor Strong From Then to Now” is travelling around the United States. The pictures and drawings show the history of Doctor Strong.
Doctor Strong first became famous almost fifty years ago when his first children’s book was published. Since then, he has written forty-five books that have sold more than one hundred million copies around the world.
Doctor Strong’s books are known for their easy use of words and colorful, hand-drawn pictures. These drawings bring life to his imaginary creatures. The Cat in the Hat, Horton the Elephant, The Grinch Who Stole Christmas, and hundreds of others.
The San Diego Museum, in California, organized the art show. It included about three hundred Doctor Strong’s original(最早的) drawings and some of his writings.
Most of Doctor Strong’s books, although written in a funny way, have serious messages. For example, in Mc Elligot’s Pool, he describes the danger of pollution. He discusses the arms race in The Butter Battle Book, written in nineteen eighty-four.
Doctor Strong is almost eighty-four years old now. He says he never planned to write stories just for children. He says he writes stories that interest people of all ages. He says he uses easy words so that everyone, even a child, can understand.
1. Alfred Strong is a famous _______ in the United States.| A．doctor | B．artist |
| C．writer | D．reader |
| A．his eighties when an art show was travelling around the United States |
| B．his fifties when his drawings and writings were published |
| C．nineteen eighty-four when his book MeEligot’s Pool was published |
| D．his thirties when his first book was published |
| A．they are stories about animals such as cats, elephants and so on |
| B．they are written in easy words with colorful pictures |
| C．he organized the art show in California |
| D．they are written in a funny way |
【推荐2】Ask a teacher to name the most annoying invention of recent years and they will often mention the mobile phone. Disturbed by the problems they create, many head teachers have ordered that pupils should keep their phones switched off at school. Others have told pupils to leave them at home.
However, education researchers at The University of Nottingham believe it is time that phone bans were reassessed, because mobile phones can be a powerful learning aid, they say. Dr Elizabeth Hartnell-Young and her colleagues have reached this conclusion after studying the consequences of allowing pupils in five secondary schools to use either their own mobile phones or the new generation of ‘smartphones’ in lessons.
During the nine-month experiment, 14 to 16-year-old pupils used the phones for a wide range of educational purposes, including creating short movies, setting homework reminders, recording a teacher reading a poem, and timing experiments with the phones’ stopwatches. The smartphones, which could be connected to the Internet, also allowed pupils to access revision websites, log into the school email system, or transfer (转存) electronic files between school and home.
The research involved 331 pupils in schools in Cambridgeshire, West Berkshire and Nottingham. “At the start of the study, even pupils were often surprised at the thought that mobile phones could be used for learning,” Dr Hartnell-Young said. “After their hands-on experience, almost all pupils said they had enjoyed the project and felt more inspired.”
Some teachers found that pupils who lacked confidence gained most from the project. However, they recognized that greater use of mobile phones in schools could cause problems.
1. We can infer from the first paragraph that .| A．teachers are strongly against students owning mobile phones |
| B．mobile phones should be developed to meet students’ needs |
| C．students are free to use their mobile phones at school |
| D．mobile phones are usually forbidden to be used at school |
| A．all enjoyed the project very much |
| B．didn’t know what they were used for |
| C．didn’t fully realize the learning functions of mobile phones |
| D．were surprised that they were allowed to use mobile phones in schools |
| A．Older pupils. | B．Pupils who were not confident. |
| C．Younger pupils. | D．Pupils who were confident. |
| A．mobile phones can actually help students learn |
| B．mobile phones begin to be widely used in schools |
| C．too much use of mobile phones in schools can cause problems |
| D．the mobile phone is considered the most annoying invention of recent years |
【推荐3】Crystal Cruisers-Luxury Every Day
What do you plan to do this summer vacation? Do you want to travel over the sea, experience the ocean wave and enjoy the wonderful sea scenery? If that’s what you want ,come and sail on a Crystal Cruise ship (游轮).We have three ships: The Crystal Queen, The Crystal Princess, The Crystal Palace.
Come and sail in Luxury (游轮) on cruisers around the Caribbean Sea for 7 or 14 days.
Our seven-day cruise costs $2,000 and our two-week cruise is $3,500.
A typical one week cruise:
Day One- set off from Miami
Day Two- free day in Nassau, in the Bahamas
Day Three- near Haiti
Day Four- Visit Puerto Rico and Antigua
Day Five- free day in Barbados
Day Six- free day in Port of Spain, Trinidad
Day Seven- travel to Caracas, Venezuela
Day Eight- fly home
All food and drinks is included in the price of your cruise (except for the wines).Our cruise ships all have a cinema, a five star restaurant, a theatre, a library and a gym (健身馆).However, you have to pay extra money to enjoy the films and plays.
If you prefer to go on a cruise in another part of the world, we also organize cruises in the Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean.
Our ships carry over 2,000 passengers and we have nearly 600 crew members in all.
So come on board today for the holiday of a lifetime!
Call immediately: 020-4455832
I’m sure you will enjoy your luxury cruise ship journey very much!
1. What’s the main purpose of the text?| A．To advertise summer holiday cruises. |
| B．To offer instruction on how to sail on a cruise ship. |
| C．To give suggestions on taking summer vacation. |
| D．To share an experience of a sailing journey. |
| A．On the third day. | B．On the fourth day. |
| C．On the fifth day. | D．On the sixth day. |
| A．See films in the cinema. | B．Enjoy plays in the theater. |
| C．Have some wines. | D．Do sports in the gym. |
The theme of the film by itself will not result in a rating greater than PG-13, although activities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in a restricted rating for the film. Any drug use will initially require at least a PG-13 rating. More than brief nudity will require at least a PG-13 rating, but such nudity in PG-13 rated film generally will not be sexually oriented. There may be violence scene in a PG-13 movie, but generally not both realistic and extreme or persistent violence.
A single use of one of the rude words in a film, though only as an expletive (感叹语), initially requires at least a PG-13 rating. More than one such bad word requires an R rating, as must even one of those words used in a sexual context. The Rating Board nevertheless may rate such a film PG-13 if, based on a special vote by a two-thirds majority, the Raters feel that most American parents would believe that a PG-13 rating is appropriate because of the context or manner in which the words are used or because the use of those words in the film is easily neglected.
1. What is the main goal of this passage?| A．To discuss various movie ratings. |
| B．To explain various movie ratings. |
| C．To explain the difference between PG-13 and R movie ratings. |
| D．To explain the PG-13 movie rating. |
| A．has little impact on its rating |
| B．has a large impact on its rating |
| C．should be entertaining |
| D．should be suitable for children |
| A．should not be allowed in movies |
| B．is dangerous |
| C．makes a PG-13 rating necessary |
| D．is not appropriate for children under 13 |
| A．A PG rating. | B．A PG-13 rating. |
| C．An R rating. | D．An NC-17 rating. |
This was the girl I took to Kleinfeld, the fancy store featured on the television program Say Yes to the Dress. As the trip approached, I asked Marina if she was excited. Sure, Mom. shed say, shrugging. Marina was more excited about getting a tattoo(文身) on her ankle to represent my fight with ALS(肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症) than trying on $ 10,000 wedding gowns.
My sister, Stephanie, had arranged for a car with a wheelchair lift to drive us from the hotel to Kleinfeld. The car driver wheeled me in.
At Kleinfeld with flower arrangements ten feet high, I felt like rolling into a dream. “Wow!” I said. I was wearing a new black outfit. Marina wore jean shorts, a sleeveless(无袖的) shirt, and sneakers.
Marina didn’t say a word. We turned a corner into the storage room, where hundreds of dresses hung in plastic protector sleeves. Marina and I were overwhelmed.
“Want to try one on ?” I said, touching Marina’s hand.
“OK,” Marina said in her sharp, unsure voice.
“Tell them the style you’d like.”
Marina stood silent. I felt bad for bringing her, for forcing such an adult experience on a child.
Marina picked an A-line dress. Or, more precisely, the ladies of Kleinfeld picked it for her. Marina was too shocked to do more than nod. As she took the gown into the dressing room, I tried not to think of my little girl on her wedding day or of her as a baby in my arms. I tried not to think of her with her own baby in her arms one day.
I tried not to think of Marina right now, embarrassed by her mother’s plans, by things she could not and should not yet understand.
I am leaving money in my will for Marina’s wedding dress. Stephanie has promised to bring her back to Kleinfeld to purchase it.
“No pure white!” I said to Stephanie. “Ivory. Not too much tulle(薄纱). Think lace.”
“Think royalty when picking a dress,” I advised Steph as we waited outside the dressing room. “Think Princes Kate. Elegant. Think long sleeves. They make dresses more formal.”
Marina came out, sleeveless, flared(下摆宽大的). She looked like a 14-year-old girl in the middle of a giant cupcake.
“I don’t like the loose gown.” she said.
That’s my girl!
“How about trying on one with long sleeves?” I asked her.
The ladies brought out a dress with long lace sleeves, an Empire collar, a ruched(有褶饰的) fitted waist, and a long, smooth silk skirt.
Marina disappeared into the dressing room. When the door opened, she looked a foot taller and a decade older. I could clearly see the beautiful woman she will be one day. I simply stared.
What do you do when you glimpse a moment you will not live to see?
I dipped my head. Breathe, I told myself. I looked up. I smiled. Marina smiled back.
I worked my tongue into position to speak. “I like it,” I said.
In that dress, Marina stood straight, shining brightly, and tall.
“You are beautiful,” I whispered, my tongue barely cooperating. I don’t know if she heard me. We took some photos. And moved on. A memory made.
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．The mother made the payment for the wedding gown for her daughter on the spot. |
| B．The mother was disabled and unable to move around without a wheelchair. |
| C．The daughter well understood why she was asked to try on wedding gowns. |
| D．The mother thought pure white is more suitable for her daughter on the wedding. |
| A．finally picked out her favorite wedding gown herself after careful selection |
| B．amazingly grew taller and older after wearing her new wedding gown |
| C．was a different girl who liked marking pictures on skin to show her uniqueness |
| D．was more concerned about her mother than trying on new wedding gowns |
| A．she was more satisfied with her own clothes than wedding gowns |
| B．she was too excited to say anything seeing so many wedding gowns |
| C．she was quite nervous and uneasy in a place intended for adults |
| D．she was amazed to see so many wedding gowns on display |
| A．heartbroken | B．disappointed |
| C．embarrassed | D．ashamed |
| A．To take memorable photos of her daughter who wears the wedding gown. |
| B．To buy her daughter the most beautiful wedding gown for her wedding day. |
| C．To fulfill her desire to see what her daughter will be like in her wedding gown. |
| D．To choose the most suitable wedding gown as the last gift for her daughter. |
| A．Mother’s Final Wish |
| B．A Particular Wedding Dress Shop |
| C．An Embarrassing Plan |
| D．Daughter’s Wedding |
【推荐3】Although Facebook offers various privacy settings that can be improved, there is no way to guarantee that your photos will not be seen by people you didn't intend to share with. While the risk of sexual predators stalking(跟踪)children after seeing their Facebook photos is small, it cannot be completely discounted. Posting photos of your children also sets a bad example to them about privacy and opens them up to other dangers, such as identity theft.
Exposure to Sexual Predators
Posting photos of your children on Facebook could bring them to the attention of sexual predators, even if you set the privacy settings so that only friends and family are able to see the photos. Well-meaning relatives can republish the photos, with less strict privacy settings. This practice can be dangerous if there are easily recognizable landmarks or information that can pinpoint the location of the child in the photo. Many Facebook games and apps encourage you to increase the size of your friend list, but doing so can expose your personal information to unwanted strangers. This information, in tune with status updates revealing your whereabouts and photos of your children, can make it all too easy for someone to stalk your family.
Set a Bad Example
Young children should be taught from an early age about the dangers of revealing too much information to strangers. With smartphones and other electronic devices making it easy to post photos online, it is important that children understand the dangers of uploading the wrong kind of pictures. If you upload lots of photos of your children to Facebook. they may draw the conclusion that there is nothing wrong with sharing images online. For example, many parents post photos of their children in the bath or in their swimwear. Unless children are taught boundaries about sharing personal photos such as these, it can have a negative effect on them later in life.
Identity Theft
After you post photos of your children online on sites such as Facebook, you no longer have any control over what the images are used for. Even with strict privacy settings these photos can be viewed, downloaded, modified and uploaded elsewhere by other people if they are determined enough. Photos of your child could be used for advertising, as many website owners use photos they find on the Internet to promote their sites. Someone could even use photos of your child to create a fake profile on a teen site with the intention of getting close to other teens.
Open Children To Bullying&Intimidation(恐吓）
While posting embarrassing photos of your children on Facebook might seem like harmless fun, it can expose them to bullying and intimidation. If someone distributes these photos to online forums and websites as a joke it can cause a lot of emotional trauma for your child. In some severe cases, teens have committed suicide after threats and bullying online.
1. Paragraph I is to tell readers that_____| A．the sense of identity can be built by sharing online |
| B．you're likely to be stalked with your photos posted |
| C．posting children's picture online has become a trend |
| D．uploading children's photos may invite potential trouble |
| A．Set the privacy settings before uploading photos. |
| B．Teach children to post conservative photos online. |
| C．Claim controls over children's photos posted online. |
| D．Avoid circulating children's photos containing privacy online. |
| A．gain | B．change |
| C．injury | D．loss |
| A．Posting children's photos online-a Pandora's Box |
| B．Posting children's photos online-a Herculean task |
| C．Posting children's photos online-a good Samaritan |
| D．Posting children's photos online-a God's Eye View |
