So many things can keep you from seeing your loved ones in person, from busy schedules to long distances to a rather unexpected pandemic.
A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that communication interactions that included voice, like a phone call or video chat, created stronger social bonds than communication through typing, like text messaging or email. In the study, researchers used various experiments to estimate connectedness. In one, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then assigned people at random to do one or the other.
Sabrina Romanoff, a Harvard trained clinical psychologist based in New York City, says
A.“Texting corresponds information exactly in the way people intend.” |
B.“In reality, texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation.” |
C.People held the view that a phone call was really awkward and reconnected with their friends by email. |
D.Fortunately, thanks to modern technology, the people we miss are often only a phone call or text message away. |
E.According to science, if you want to feel more connected to the people you're talking to, you should call them instead of texting. |
F.In another experiment, the researchers had strangers connect by either texting, talking over video chat, or talking using only audio. |
G.Although people anticipated that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better. |
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【推荐1】“I’ve had my heart broken more badly by friends, than I have by lovers,” says a friend. “Yet people dismiss the end of a friendship so easily, as if it doesn’t matter as much and isn’t as painful as the break-up of a relationship.”
It was her use of the word “heartbroken” that hit me so hard. Two of the most harmful phrases in the English language are “I am so disappointed in you” and “You broke my heart”. Both, in their own way, are unbearable, emotional daggers (匕首) that are not easily removed.
Friends are the foundation that support our lives, the comfort of long continuity, shared emotional confidences, a shoulder to weep on, a hand to hold, a safe and peaceful place during the breakdown of a relationship or marriage. When those friendships end, our hearts are broken. We will lose all those assurances that we too often take for granted.
And too often, we are even not allowed to mourn (哀悼) it. We all believe friendships fade like the mist as we go our separate ways. We might feel a lingering affection, or a faint sense of loss, but they leave no empty spaces in our lives. I once talked to a woman who mourns the loss of her friends. Years later, the space they had left was still harmful in its loneliness. “But when I try to talk about it, people think I’m being ridiculous. You can always make more friends.”
It is not true and, at heart, we all know it. Friendships require history, layer upon layer of intimacy (亲密) and memory. We might not see friends for months, or even years, but the moment we are back in contact it’s as if time stood still.
I lost a good friend recently. I know, it sounds so careless, but it was, truly, nobody’s fault; simply a set of emotional circumstances that meant we both had to step away. It seemed so sensible, and still does, but what I hadn’t expected was the fierceness of the pain. The phone still rings with calls from other friends but within it there is a weird and unsettling silence because she is not there. My heart is broken, even if I wouldn’t have thought of phrasing it in so dramatic, or perhaps bitter, a way. I know the pain will fade eventually. We might, even, at some time in the future be friends again, but not in the same way. Something has been broken and however skillful the mending, the cracks will still be faintly visible. It is a sharp reminder of how much we should cherish our friendships because it is all too easy to take them for granted and forget how much it means to us when they are lost.
1. According to the author, people will feel heartbroken when friendships end because .A.people dismiss the end of a friendship too easily |
B.“heartbroken” is one of the most harmful words |
C.friendships are the basis of a relationship or marriage |
D.friends’ supports thought to be always there are lost |
A.it is normal for a friendship to end without scars left |
B.friendship usually leaves behind a faint sense of loss |
C.we needn’t mourn the lingering affection from lost friends |
D.long-term friendships can be harmful in its loneliness |
A.The woman wanted to talk about her loss of friends. |
B.People thought the woman was being ridiculous. |
C.That people can always make more friends is not true. |
D.Friendships require history, intimacy and memory. |
A.show how heartbreaking the end of a friendship is |
B.appeal to people to cherish their friendships |
C.demonstrate the skillful mending of friendships |
D.illustrate that friends lost are friends lost forever |
【推荐2】We stopped to choose a cake for our daughter. We’d passed several other elderly customers but our daughter Norah seemed drawn to (被吸引) a man. Her face lit up like the sun and she waved excitedly saying, “Hi, old person! It’s my birthday today!” “Hello, little lady! And how old are you today?” He asked. They chatted for a few seconds.
We said goodbye and carried on shopping. A few minutes later, Norah asked me, “Can I take a picture with the old man for my birthday?” I thought the old man couldn’t have gone very far. So we quickly found him. “Excuse me, sir? She’d like to know if you’d take a photo with her for her birthday,” I asked. He looked surprised and then happy. “A photo? With me?” He asked. “Yes! For my birthday!” Norah cheered. And so they posed together and then they hugged each other like they were long lost friends.
We thanked Mr. Dan for sparing a few minutes of his day with us. He was moved to tears and said, “No, thank you. This is the best day I’ve had in a long time. You’ve made me feel so happy and valuable, Ms. Norah.”
Now, Norah and Mr. Dan often visit each other. While they don’t, Norah makes sure to call him at least once a week. Norah worried about Mr. Dan being alone and brought Mr. Dan a dog on his 82nd birthday. Mr. Dan said that his meeting with Norah helped to heal (治愈) his broken heart as he was having a difficult time before he met Norah that day. Sometimes talking to strangers turns into the most beautiful thing in the world.
1. How did Norah know Mr. Dan?A.By appointment. | B.By meeting in a store accidentally. |
C.By telephone. | D.By chatting online. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Frightened. | C.Surprised. | D.Happy. |
A.He found a hope to live on. | B.He found a true friend. |
C.He no longer felt lonely. | D.He felt he was valued. |
A.Everyone Wants to Make More Friends |
B.Congratulations on Your Birthday |
C.From Strangers to Friends |
D.More Than a Photo Was Taken in a Photo Shop |
【推荐3】When you choose a friend, you should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fair weather (晴天) friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability .
Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other person’s place, and he tries, to think of ways to be helpful. He is, also a good listener.
At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults in others. He notices their good points. In short, good friends will be honest to each other and accept each other.
Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favour, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me.
There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humour, too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.
When I meet someone who is reliable, honest, and understanding, I know I’ve found a friend!
1. If you have fair weather friends, what will happen to you?A.You will become rich. |
B.You can be sure that you get real friends. |
C.You will be refused when you get into trouble. |
D.They will give you all that they have when you need help. |
A.Honesty. | B.Reliability. | C.Understanding. | D.A sense of humour. |
A.Cloudy. | B.Unusual. | C.Unhappy. | D.Pleased. |
A.He will look for faults in others. | B.He will do his best to help me. |
C.He likes to laugh at me. | D.He is funny. |
A.the qualities of a friend | B.where to choose friends |
C.how to get along with friends | D.the importance of having a friend |
【推荐1】Can artificial intelligence uncover a liar? It sounds like science fiction, but such an AI system is possible. The question is: How accurate can it be? Rada Mihalcea, a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of Michigan, has worked on deception(欺骗) detection for about a decade. This is how they constructed one AI deception detector, and how it works.
The first thing that researchers working on artificial intelligence and machine learning need is data. In the case of the work that Mihalcea did, they began with videos from actual court cases. For example, a defendant speaking in a trial in which they were found guilty could provide an example of deceit(欺骗); they also used testimony(证词) from witnesses as either example of truthful or deceitful statements. Altogether, they used 121 video clips and the corresponding transcripts of what they said—about half represented deceptive statements, and half truthful. It was this data that they used to build machine learning classifiers that ultimately had between a 60 to 75 percent accuracy rate.
One thing the system noticed is the use of pronouns—people who are lying would tend to less often use the word ‘I’ or ‘we’, Mihalcea explains. “Instead, people who are lying would more often use ‘you,’ ‘yours,’ ‘he,’ ‘they,’ and ‘she.’” That’s not the only linguistic signal: someone telling a lie would use “stronger words” that “reflect certainty,” she says. Examples of those types of words are “absolutely,” and “very,” while interestingly, people telling the truth were more likely to use words such as “maybe” or “probably.” “I think people who are deceptive would try to make up for the lie they are putting forward,” she says, “and so they try to seem more certain of themselves.” As for gestures, she points out that someone being deceitful would more likely look directly into the eyes of the person questioning them. They also tended to use both hands when gesturing. Instead of just one—also, she suspects, as part of trying to be convincing.
However, Mihalcea’s work is “far from perfection,” she concedes. “As a researcher, we are content that we were able to get to 75 percent accuracy.” But looked at another way, that’s an error rate of one in four. Ultimately, she sees technology like this as being assistive for people—it could, for example, indicate that it noticed something “unusual” in a speaker’s statement, and then perhaps have a person “investigate more.”
1. Why did the researchers gather testimony from the court?A.To test the accuracy of AI deception detector. |
B.To provide data base for machine learning. |
C.To help the judges find the guilty people. |
D.To understand how deception works. |
A.Avoiding direct eye contact. | B.Using first-person pronouns. |
C.Gesturing with only one hand. | D.Trying to be sure of themselves. |
A.Flawed but promising. | B.Unsatisfying but helpful. |
C.Accurate and meaningful. | D.Imperfect and impractical. |
A.Will AI Rid the World of Liars? |
B.What Can AI Do for Us in Court? |
C.Where Is AI Leading Us in the Future? |
D.Can AI Become a Convincing Detective? |
【推荐2】Did you know that more than 40 percent of all deadly car accidents occur at night? A recent breakthrough eyeglass technology has made it safe to drive at night. I's almost like having “X-ray” eyesight while driving.
Spend money on your safety and peace of mind behind the wheel with a pair of these cutting-edge night driving glasses. Most car accidents that occur at night are mostly the result of poor visibility. Even with 60% less traffic on the road at night, accidents still happen due to blinding light and just overall bad driving visibility.
Imagine being able to clearly see what's in front of you and what's approaching, even if it's very dark and foggy. Once you start wearing ClearView night glasses, you'll feel much more confident and safe driving when it's getting dark. With ClearView you will notice an instant reduction in strong light from oncoming traffic and bright street lights.
This is because the special yellow lens tint(镜片色彩) can block strong blue light, and increase contrast( 对比). ClearView passes the global traffic light standard for safer sharper vision at night with flying colors.
You can start using ClearView at once even if you wear glasses. Simply place ClearView on top of your glasses and be amazed by the difference this technology makes!
Is it worth it? Absolutely! Keep a pair in each of your cars to make sure you have your glasses at hand when night comes. If you care about your family's safety then this is a no-brainer.
1. What's the main cause of unsafe driving at night?A.Heavy traffic. | B.Poor eyesight. | C.Low visibility. | D.Bad driving. |
A.It provides “X-ray” eyesight for drivers. | B.It reduces the brightness of strong light. |
C.It passes the national standard. | D.It cures night blindness. |
A.To promote. | B.To inform. | C.To explain. | D.To entertain. |
A.What is ClearView? |
B.How does ClearView Work at Night? |
C.Ways of Avoiding Car Accidents in the Dark |
D.Revolutionary Glasses Make It Safe to Drive at Night |
【推荐3】Ever since mobile phones became widely used around the world, there have been concerns about how safe they are. All mobile phones give off a small amount of radiation when in use, which many believe could be a cause of cancer. However, two recently published studies tried to finally answer the question of whether using mobile phones actually brings a dangerous risk to humans.
Carried out by the US government, the studies exposed rats and mice to radiation over the course of two years. A small number of the rats were found to have developed heart tumors (肿瘤) as a direct result of the radiation exposure. However, John Bucher, one of the study’s authors, said that the animals were exposed to far more radiation than even the heaviest mobile phone user would usually be, reported The New York Times. Bucher also added that the findings didn’t make him want to change his or his family’s mobile phone usage habits.
Indeed, the US Food and Drug Administration said it believes that it has “not found enough evidence that there are negative health effects on humans” from mobile phone use. Although mobile phones do give off radiation, it’s a different type of radiation than that given off by dangerous sources.
High-energy radiation – such as that given off by nuclear waste – is known to be very dangerous to humans as it is able to damage our DNA, leading to cancer or even death. On the other hand, low-energy radiation – such as the one given off by mobile phones – is considered to be harmless.
We’re exposed to this all the time, as it’s given off by everyday objects like WiFi routers (路由器), televisions, and even bananas. Some argue that when it comes to human health, however, you can’t be more concerned, even if the risk is only small. For those people, an earphone is advised when they are making phone calls and the time spent using mobile phones can be limited.
But don’t worry: there’s no need to take bananas off the menu.
1. What did the two recent studies by the US government discover?A.Radiation exposure could bring risks to animals rather than to humans. |
B.Too much radiation exposure could lead to health problems. |
C.Using mobile phones only increases the risk of heart diseases. |
D.There is no link between mobile phone radiation and cancer. |
A.To inform people of harmful radiation sources. | B.To explain how radiation affects our lives. |
C.To show mobile phone radiation is not so dangerous. | D.To remind readers to keep away from radiation. |
A.People should use a mobile phone giving off radiation as little as bananas. |
B.It’s unnecessary for people to get rid of the mobile phone due to its radiation. |
C.Bananas should be included in the menu for people to keep health. |
D.Eating bananas can help people against radiation given off by mobile phones. |