A new batch of young women—members of the so-called Millennial (千禧的) generation — has been entering the workforce for the past decade. At the starting line of their careers, they are better educated than their mothers and grandmothers had been — or than their young male counterparts are now. But when they look ahead, they see roadblocks to their success. They believe that women are paid less than men for doing the same job. They think it’s easier for men to get top executive jobs than it is for them. And they assume that if and when they have children, it will be even harder for them to advance in their careers.
While the public sees greater workplace equality between men and women now than it did 20-30 years ago, most believe more change is needed. Among Millennial women, 75% say this country needs to continue making changes to achieve gender equality in the workplace, compared with 57% of Millennial men. Even so, relatively few young women (15%) say they have been discriminated against at work because of their gender.
As Millennial women come of age, they share many of the same views and values about work as their male counterparts. They want jobs that provide security and flexibility, and they place relatively little importance on high pay. At the same time, however, young working women are less likely than men to aim at top management jobs: 34% say they’re not interested in becoming a boss or top manager; only 24% of young men say the same. The gender gap on this question is even wider among working adults in their 30s and 40s, when many women face the trade-offs that go with work and motherhood.
These findings are based on a new Pew Research Center survey of 2,002 adults, including 810 Millennials, conducted Oct. 7-27, 2019. The survey finds that, in spite of the dramatic gains women have made in educational attainment and labor force participation in recent decades, young women view this as a man’s world — just as middle-aged and older women do.
1. What do we learn from the first paragraph about Millennial women starting their careers?| A．They can get ahead only by striving harder. |
| B．They expect to succeed just like Millennial men. |
| C．They are generally quite optimistic about their future. |
| D．They are better educated than males counterparts. |
| A．They are the target of discrimination. | B．They find it satisfactory on the whole. |
| C．They think it needs further improving. | D．They find their complaints ignored. |
| A．A sense of accomplishment. | B．Job stability and flexibility. |
| C．Rewards and promotions. | D．Joy derived from work. |
| A．The welfare of their children. | B．The narrowing of the gender gap. |
| C．The fulfillment of their dreams in life. | D．The balance between work and family. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling(叛逆)．I wish it were so．At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents．You should be learning to stand on your own two feet．But take a good look at the present rebellion．It seems that teenagers are taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents．Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching(紧握）at one another's hands for reassurance．
They claim they want to dress as they please．But they all wear the same clothes. Then set off in new directions in music．But somehow they all end up with listening to the same record together．Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that many people are doing it．They have come out of their cocoon(茧)into a larger cocoon．
It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and go his or her own way．Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market．These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be．
And many of today's parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children．All this adds to a great barrier(障碍） for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path．
But the barrier is worth climbing over．The path is worth following, You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party．You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records．You may have some thoughts 'that you don't care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it．Find yourself．Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are．That is the only kind of popularity that really counts．
1. In this passage, the author wants to tell ________.| A．teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselves |
| B．readers how to be popular with people around |
| C．parents how to control and guide their children |
| D．people how to understand and respect each other |
| A．have much difficulty understanding each other |
| B．lack confidence |
| C．dare not cope with （处理） problems single-handed |
| D．are much afraid of getting lost |
| A．There is no popularity that really counts． |
| B．What many parents are doing is helping their children find their own paths． |
| C．It is bad for a teenager to disagree with his or her classmates． |
| D．Most teenagers claim that they want to do what they like to, but they are actually doing the same． |
| A．Convincing． | B．Influential. |
| C．Instructive． | D．Authoritative（权威的）． |
| A．differ from others in as many ways as possible |
| B．get into the right reason and become popular |
| C．find one's real self |
| D．rebel against parents and the popularity wave |
【推荐2】Government surveys show girls and boys take roughly the same number of science and math class in high school. Over half college graduates are woman. In college, men are twice as likely to major in science, although it varies by field. Women are likely to study biology in college, for example. Men are more likely to study engineering of computer science.
Men also are more likely to get a job in STEY(科学、技术、工程、数学). That may be due, in part to those stereotypes (旧习) that women aren’t as good at science or as smart as men. Indeed, there is some research pointing to this impact. A 2015 study in Science, for example, survey more than 1,800 researchers. They worked in more than 30 areas, including 18 science and math fields. Women, it found. were most poorly represented in fields that were most likely to consider intelligence a requirement for success.
Eresto Reuben studies human behavior at Columbia University In New York City. His team showed how those stereotypes could affect decisions on who gets a job. They asked volunteers to pretend to “hire” a new employee to do a mathematical task. The choice was between a man and a woman. When the volunteer knew nothing about the employees except for their appearance, men were twice as often offered the job.
Two years earlier, researchers at Yale University in New Haven, Conn., had published a related study in PNAS. It asked scientists to review job applications from equally qualified (有资格的) students. The only difference on the applications was whether the candidate’s name was male or female. Overall, both men and women scientists judged the male candidates as better qualified based only on their apparent gender. Even when a woman was selected to get a job, the review committee offered her a salary $4000 less than what had been offered to men they said they would hire.
1. What does the 2015study in Science want to imply?| A．Intelligence is a necessity of success. |
| B．Men can get more achievements than woman. |
| C．Women cannot do well in science and math fields. |
| D．Men are considered more intelligent than women. |
| A．Work experience. |
| B．The sex of the employee. |
| C．Whether the name sounds good. |
| D．Whether the employee looks pretty. |
| A．Stereotypes about women should be removed. |
| B．High school had better offer more science classes. |
| C．Men are better qualified for jobs in the science field. |
| D．Women should be more confident about themselves. |
| A．Poster. | B．Dairy. | C．Magazine. | D．Tourist brochure. |
【推荐3】Your next car might drive itself. After years of trials on city streets, driverless vehicles are now on the way. Last month, a driverless bus began carrying passengers through Lyon, France. Most in the automobile industry think self-driving vehicles will be on the road by 2020 or earlier.
Driverless cars will first be huddled with human-driven cars. But the first places where they will become dominant (统治的) are highly populated in urban areas. Many advanced cities are already reducing the role of human-driven cars. Driverless cars will quicken that process and will bring us enormous benefits.
Driverless cars will reduce accidents by around 90 percent. That’s big—the annual deaths on the world’s roads are about 1.2 million a year. Pollution and carbon emissions will drop, because urban driverless cars will be electric.
On the other hand, driverless cars will cause problems. Over the next 20 years, the mostly low-skilled men who now drive trucks, taxis and buses will see their jobs reduced. Traditional carmakers are especially scared. The cars of the future might be made by tech companies such as Apple, Baidu and Google. Imagine Germany, where automobile making is the largest industry.
Dramatic changes are coming, and driverless cars could arrive by 2020. But governments have barely begun thinking about it. Only 6 percent of the biggest US cities have taken them into their long-term planning. A decade ago anyone hardly saw the Smartphone coming. Now what about the driverless cars?
1. The underlined phrase “be huddled with” in Paragraph 2 is the closest in meaning with .| A．turn up | B．make up for |
| C．exist together | D．take over |
| A．they will reduce the number of cars |
| B．they will be powered by electricity |
| C．they will be energy-saving by driving themselves |
| D．they will avoid many accidents from human errors |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Disappointed. |
| C．Negative. | D．Objective. |
| A．They will not hit the road until 2020. |
| B．They will only be used in urban areas. |
| C．They will not cause any road accident. |
| D．They aren’t still seriously taken by leaders. |
【推荐1】There is a paradox improving education in America: The system is failing to prepare many kids for success, but we have spent so much on the system that isn’t practical. We have a big influence on teaching and learning within our existing schools: on the playground during recess.
Most elementary school headmasters will tell you that recess is the toughest time of the school day. It’s when most problems happen, and too often problems from the playground come over into the classroom, creating distractions for students.
Americans are usually pretty nostalgic about recess, but a lot has changed since we were kids. When I was growing up in Washington, D.C., I had the chance to play outside, every day after school, during weekends and all summer long. The older kids taught the younger kids a lot of rules — from how to pick teams to how to quickly end quarrels — and as the younger kids became the older kids, we passed on this culture of play to the generation behind us.
But kids don’t get to play outside and be unsupervised the way we used to. And so when kids come to school, they don’t bring those skills with them. The fights and quarrels that have replaced the recess we remember can be discouraging for kids and educators.
Schools generally put up with the problems on the playground because they don’t know how to deal with them, but it turns out that rescuing recess is pretty easy. All it takes is one grown-up who has a love for play and the skills in creating an environment where students can play happily.
1. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?| A．How can kids enjoy their recess |
| B．Why do kids need recess |
| C．A misunderstanding about improving education |
| D．Ways to get rid of the problems caused by students in the classroom |
| A．It will make students too excited in the classroom. |
| B．It will make students do damage to the playground. |
| C．It will make teachers discover their students’ problems. |
| D．It will make students pay less attention to their lessons. |
| A．had no time to play outside |
| B．often got involved in quarrels with the younger kids |
| C．could manage the younger kids successfully |
| D．passed on this culture of play to their parents |
【推荐2】To accept that the world’s average temperature might rise by more than 1.5℃, declared the foreign minister of the Marshall Islands in 2015, would be to sign the “death warrant” of small, low-lying countries such as his. In a climate conference in Paris, attendees agreed to limit global warming to about 1.5℃ in the Paris Agreement.
However, the same countries that signed the Paris Agreement have not cut their emissions enough to meet its targets. The consequences are catastrophic. Climate-related disasters are proliferating, from Pakistan, much of which was flooded by this summer’s unusually intense season wind, to Florida, which in September endured its deadliest hurricane since 1935.
The response to all this should be a dose of realism. Many activists are reluctant to admit that 1.5℃ is a lost cause. They need to be more practical and face up to some hard truths.
First, cutting emissions will require much more money. Roughly speaking, global investment in clean energy needs to triple from today’s $1bn a year, and be concentrated in developing countries. So their governments will have to work with the rich world to mobilize private investment, which will involve big improvements to the investment climate and an acceptance that they will have to cede some control over energy policy. Another truth is that fossil fuels will not be abandoned overnight, especially in some poorer countries, precisely because they cannot come up with any immediate alternative.
The third truth is that greater efforts must be made to adapt to climate change. Adaptation has always been the neglected step-child of climate policy, mistrusted by activists as a distraction from cutting emissions or, worse, an excuse not to make any cuts. But no matter what, the world now faces more floods, droughts, storms and wildfires. For developing countries especially, but also for rich ones, preparing for these disasters is a matter of life and death.
1. What is the purpose of the conference in Paris?| A．To revise the Paris Agreement. | B．To assist the low-lying countries. |
| C．To analyse the average temperature. | D．To approve the new climate change policy. |
| A．Increasing. | B．Disappearing. | C．Varying. | D．Responding. |
| A．Power over energy policy. | B．Investment and cooperation. |
| C．An instant ban on fossil fuels. | D．Less involvement from developing countries. |
| A．It is a cost-cutting measure. | B．It has failed to be noticed. |
| C．It has been widely accepted. | D．It is a distraction for emission cut. |
【推荐3】Although Mark Twain is widely regarded as one of the greatest American writers, the world-renowned author once indicated that he would have preferred to spend his life as a famous Mississippi riverboat pilot. Though the comment was probably not entirely serious, Twain so loved life on the river that as a young man, he did in fact work as a riverboat pilot for several years.
Twain, whose real name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens, felt so closely tied to the Mississippi River that he even took his pen name, Mark Twain, from a river man’s call meaning “two fathoms deep.” When he was eleven, his father died, and he left school to become a printer’s apprentice. He worked as a printer in a number of different cities before deciding at age twenty-one to pursue a career as riverboat pilot.
When the Civil War closed traffic on the Mississippi, Twain went to Nevada. There he worked as a journalist and lecturer, developing the entertaining writing style that made him famous. In 1865, he published “The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,” which made Twain became an international celebrity. Following the publication of The Innocents Abroad, a successful book of humorous travel letters, Twain moved to Hartfort, Connecticut, where he was to make his home for the rest of his life. There he began using his past experiences as raw material for his books. He drew on his travels in the western mining region for Roughing It and turned his childhood experiences on the Mississippi into The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Life on the Mississippi, and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The latter title in particular so greatly influenced other writers that Ernest Hemingway praised it with these words.
“All modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn.”
Twain traveled widely throughout his career, and his adventures abroad were fuel for a number of books. After living in Europe for several years, he returned home with his family. Following the death of his wife and three of their four children, Twain’s writing depicted an increasingly pessimistic (悲观) view of society and human nature. His work, however, continued to display the same masterful command of language that had already established him as one of America’s finest fiction writers.
1. Why did Mark Twain prefer to be a riverboat pilot?| A．He was paid well. | B．He loved life on the river. |
| C．He missed the Mississippi River | D．His father wanted him to do the job. |
①An apprentice ②A printer ③A journalist ④A lecturer ⑤A riverboat pilot
| A．①②⑤ | B．②③④ | C．②④⑤ | D．①②③④⑤ |
| A．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. | B．Roughing It. |
| C．Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. | D．The Innocents Abroad. |
| A．Humorous. | B．Ridiculous. | C．Inspiring. | D．Negative. |
【推荐1】Bedtime stories play an important role in your child's development. Not only do bedtime stories create an opportunity to increase the closeness between parents and their kids, but reading a little one at the same time night after night can help them form a healthy sleep routine. Child psychologists also point to the cognitive benefits for young people who are raised with bedtime stories, including the higher-than-average ability to read and write and an emotional connection to reading. Let’s look at some of the most popular bedtime storybooks that are available in print.
Goodnight Moon by Margaret Wise Brown
Considered one of the greatest bedtime stories of all time, this classic has a lovely narrative and lively illustrations(插图) by Clement Hurd. Goodnight Moon celebrated the 70th anniversary of its original publication in 2017, a three-dimensional version is also available on YouTube.
The Very Hungry Caterpillar by Eric Carle
First published in 1969, this beloved tale features striking illustrations and finger-sized cutouts(剪成的图样) that allow children to physically participate in the story. If your kids enjoy this one, check out the other titles from author and illustrator Eric Carle; his 50-year career includes a bibliography of more than 70 titles.
Guess How Much I Love You by Sam Mcbratney and Anita Jeram
This heartwarming tale explores the bond between Big Nutbrown Hare and his son, Little Nutbrown Hare. The book—which celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2015—was followed by four books.
The Cat in the Hat by Dr. Seuss
The Cat in the Hat spins a tale about a naughty cat that entertains a pair of children for the afternoon. Roughly 10 million copies have been printed since its original publication in 1957, and the book has been translated into more than a dozen different languages.
1. What benefit do bedtime stories have?| A．Help children get a higher education. | B．Help kids form a good reading habit. |
| C．Help children sleep and get up early. | D．Help parents bond with their kids. |
| A．Margaret Wise Brown | B．Sam McBratney |
| C．Eric Carle | D．Dr. Seuss |
| A．The Cat in the Hat | B．Goodnight Moon |
| C．Guess How Much I Love You | D．The Very Hungry Caterpillar |
【推荐2】Israeli researchers say they have invented a reusable face mask that can kill the coronavirus with heat by drawing power from a mobile phone charger.
The disinfecting(消毒)process takes about half an hour-and users should not wear the mask while it is plugged in, said Professor Yair Ein-Eli, who led the research team at Technion University in Haifa. TI new mask has a USB port that connects to a power source such as a standard cellphone charger that heats an inner layer of carbon fibres to 70 degrees Celsius, high enough to kill viruses.
Ein-Eli said disposable masks, in high demand globally during the health crisis, were not economically or environmentally friendly. “This is our solution,” he said.
Professor Allon Moses, an infectious diseases expert at Jerusalem’s Hadassah Medical Center, said there was “no question” that a half hour’s exposure to 70-degree heat would kill the coronavirus. But he cautioned that repeated heating could “damage the masks paper or fabric and spoil its ability to protect from diseases in the future.”
During testing, the prototype was exposed to 20 heating cycles, each for half an hour, with no damage on durability, Ein-Eli said. “We can guarantee it up to a few dozen cycles, without any risk,” he added.
The prototype looks like a standard N95 face mask, with a valve(阀) at the front and bands to hold it in place around the head. The researchers submitted a patent for the mask in the United States in late March and say they are discussing commercializing the product with the private sector. It will likely sell at a $ l premium over the price of a typical disposable face mask, the researchers say.
1. How long does the disinfecting process usually take?| A．Around 20 minutes. | B．around 30 minutes. |
| C．Around 60 minutes. | D．Around 70 minutes. |
| A．To kill viruses thoroughly. | B．To spread a novel idea. |
| C．To replace the traditional ones. | D．To make reusable and friendly ones. |
| A．The reusable face masks were unhealthy. |
| B．70-degree heat would hurt people in a way. |
| C．The cost of reusable face masks may be high. |
| D．The function of mask to prevent diseases was ruined. |
| A．Fine. | B．Extra. | C．Currency. | D．Face value. |
【推荐3】“I’m sorry,” the bank teller said. “Your check has bounced (拒付).” Her words took a moment to sink in. This year had brought so much pain. A divorce (离婚), losing my house, then the loss of my job right before the holidays… and now the check for my car insurance had bounced!
Leaving the bank, I wondered what I would do. My unemployment (失业) checks were delayed, and everything seemed to be piling up. How long could I last without money? How I missed my parents in the faraway Los Angeles, whom I had not seen for five years.
December in Michigan meant it was not only dark, but cold and snowy. Despite (尽管) that, I had an urge to take a walk on my favorite trail. Being cold and dark also meant there was a good chance no one else would be out, so I decided to go.
On the trail, I was grateful for sounds of rushing water coming from the little river. They covered my soft sobs while I walked. Tonight, it all felt like too much to bear.
Eventually, when my tears dried up, I headed home. Approaching my apartment (公寓) door, I noticed something bulky hanging on the it. Probably another bill, I thought. While I struggled with my boots, I could see a card with my name on it through the clear plastic bag. Reaching in, I took out a very small, white envelope. Inside the envelope was a beautiful card with no name written on it, but it was stuffed with gift cards --- hundreds of dollars of gift cards that could meet my urgent needs!
I was in shock and awe. The timing of this amazing anonymous (匿名的) gift, arriving at exactly the right moment, was almost too much to comprehend. Again, I began crying, but now they were tears of joy. I felt so loved.
I would go to Los Angeles tomorrow!
1. What happened to the author?| A．Something was wrong with her check. | B．She had to sell her car for lack of money. |
| C．Her divorce made her house taken away. | D．She didn’t succeed if finding a new job. |
| A．in the early morning | B．in the late morning |
| C．in the late afternoon | D．in the deep night |
| A．The bank teller | B．Her former husband | C．Her parents | D．Her friend |
| A．Angry crazy calm grateful |
| B．Disappointed sad surprised warm |
| C．Disappointed moved surprised grateful |
| D．Crazy sad calm joyful |
1. What is Alan Chen?
| A．A news editor. | B．A magazine reader. |
| C．A radio host. | D．A retired teacher. |
| A．Widely use plastic bags. | B．Buy food from a dispenser. |
| C．Purchase packaged food. | D．Avoid shopping at a grocery. |
| A．To advertise a magazine. | B．To give tips on writing articles. |
| C．To subscribe to a magazine. | D．To offer responses to the articles. |
Society tends to think of high school dropouts as kids who just can’t cut it. They are lazy, and perhaps not too bright. So researchers were surprised when they asked more than 450 kids who quit school about why they left.
“The vast majority actually had passing grades and they were confident that they could have graduated from high school.” John Bridgeland, the executive researcher said. About one million teens leave school each year. Only about half of African-American and Hispanic(美籍西班牙的)students will receive a diploma(证书), and actually all dropouts come to regret their decision. So, if failing grades don’t explain why these kids quit, what does? Again, John Bridgeland: “The most dependable finding was that they were bored.” “They found classes uninteresting; they weren’t inspired or motivated. They didn’t see any direct connection between what they were learning in the classroom to their own lives, or to their career aspirations.”
The study found that most teens who do drop out wait until they turn sixteen, which happens to be the age at which most states allow students to quit. In the U.S., only one state, New Mexico, has a law requiring teenagers to stay in high school until they graduate. Only four states: California, Tennessee, Texas and Utah, plus the District of Columbia, require school attendance until age 18, no exceptions. Jeffrey Grin, another researcher, says raising the compulsory attendance age may be one way to keep more kids in school.
“As these dropouts look back, they realize they’ve made a mistake. And anything that sort of gives these people an extra push to stick it out and see it through to the end, is probably helpful measure.”
New Hampshire may be the next state to raise its school attendance age to 18. But critics say that forcing the students unwilling to continue their studies to stay in school misses the point—the need for reform. It’s been called for to reinvent high school education to make it more challenging and relevant, and to ensure that kids who do stick it out receive a diploma that actually means something.
1. According to researchers’ study, most high school students drop out of school because____________.
| A．they have failing grades |
| B．they are lazy and not intelligent |
| C．they are discriminated against |
| D．they take no interest in classes |
| A．New Hampshire. |
| B．Utah. |
| C．New Mexico. |
| D．The District of Columbia. |
| A．suggest raising the compulsory attendance age |
| B．analyze the reason why students quit school |
| C．raise awareness of reforming high school dropouts |
| D．wish to make laws to guarantee no dropouts |
| A．the grades of most dropouts at school were acceptable |
| B．dropouts’ salary is not as satisfying as graduates’ |
| C．classes don’t appeal to dropouts |
| D．about 500,000 high school dropouts are black and Spanish |
【推荐3】“A lie can travel half way around the world before the truth can put its bots on.” That quote is attributed to Mark Twain. In today’s Internet world of “fake（假的）news”, lies spread even faster than the truth is having trouble finding its boots.
To make matters worse, most young people get news from social media sites where facts are mixed with rumors（谣言）, half-truths and complete lies. This has led to young people becoming confused. In the latest PISA, which tested 15-year-old worldwide on academic subjects, fewer than one in ten of the examinees were reported to be able to distinguish fact from opinion. A Stanford University study showed that students at all levels of education could not tell real news from fake news. In one instance, 80 percent thought that a paid advertisement was a real news story.
Fake news is spread by people who have a prejudice. They want to influence public opinion either for or against something or someone. It is important, then, for young people to recognize when they are being used and to be skeptical of online information.
Traditional media, such as newspapers and television, are still the more credible sources of information. Reporters are professionally trained to look for facts, and editors have the job of making sure those facts are correct. However, if you getting most of your information online, you have to be your own editor. In that case, the first thing to do is to look at the writer of a post. Is this person known to be credible? Does the site where you read the post have a prejudice? Next, look for other sources from mainstream media to confirm the information. In other words, by putting on your truth boots you won’t be fooled into chasing lies.
1. Why is the quote mentioned in paragraph 1？| A．To give a definition. |
| B．To introduce the topic. |
| C．To offer background information. |
| D．To highlight the wisdom of Mark Twain. |
| A．They prefer to real news story. |
| B．They are easily taken in by fake news. |
| C．They can distinguish fact from opinion. |
| D．They get worried about their education. |
| A．Fight against prejudices. | B．Avoid traditional media. |
| C．Be an editor of your own. | D．Believe in trained reporters. |
| A．The truth about fake news. | B．The influence of fake news. |
| C．Problems with online information. | D．Sources of online information. |
