Over centuries, kung fu has been used for self-defense and to defend against enemies in war.
In Dengfeng today, ten kilometers from the Shaolin Temple, there are over 60 martial arts schools with more than 50,000 students. They come to the schools for a variety of reasons. The majority hope to become movie stars. Some come to learn skills that will ensure good jobs in the military or police force. A few are sent by their parents to learn self-control and hard work.
Master Hu Zhengsheng teaches at a small school in Dengfeng. Recently, he was offered an important role in a kung fu movie. It would have been good publicity for his school, but he did not accept. He doesn't agree with how kung fu is often shown in movies. Unlike many large schools, which teach acrobatics (杂技) and kickboxing, Hu teaches his students traditional kung fu forms. He teaches them the way his master taught him. But attracting new students to this style of kung fu has become a problem. Hu's afraid his art will soon die out. He has to remind his students that kung fu was designed for fighting, not to entertain.
“There are no high kicks or acrobatics here,” he says. “It is hard to convince boys to spend many years learning something that won't make them wealthy or famous.” Hu's students sleep in unheated rooms and train outside no matter what the temperature is. They hit trees with their bare hands and take turns sitting on each other's shoulders to build leg strength. To master kung fu, they must learn respect, and how to “eat bitterness”, a Mandarin expression meaning to “enduring suffering”. The life of a Shaolin master, Hu belives, is not easy or attractive.
Master Hu is in a difficult position. For old traditions to survive, the young must learn. Gradually, he has begun offering a few courses in kickboxing and the acrobatic kung fu forms, hoping to attract new students. Then, maybe, he'll be able to convince them to learn Shaolin kung fu the traditional way.
1. Which is the main reason why most people study kung fu?| A．To learn self-control. | B．To win fame and fortune. |
| C．To get hight-paid jobs. | D．To build up their strength. |
| A．In kung fu movies. | B．In the city of Dengfeng. |
| C．In master Hu’s school. | D．In the art of kung fu. |
| A．Traditional kung fu needs protection. |
| B．Kung fu can function as entertainment. |
| C．The life of a kung fu master is more than attractive. |
| D．The hardship in learning kung fu is discouraging. |
| A．Positive. | B．Doubtful. | C．Concerned. | D．Reserved. |
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【推荐1】Along the rocky Algerian coast, just east of where the bulky shape of Mount Chenoua slides into the Mediterranean, the sea and indifference may finally do what the Vandals did not. There, for more than 2,500 years, has stood Tipasa. It is considered as one of the most important archaeological sites in North Africa.
Tipasa fell into ruin in the sixth century. Both its main complex on the coast and an inland monumental tomb were all but forgotten in the olive trees and thin pines. Most of the ancient city, in fact, remains buried beneath sediment (沉积物) up to 12 feet thick. For the last few decades, however, what’s left of Tipasa’s past has been increasingly surrounded by the expanding modern town of Tipasa from three sides. And to the north, the waves lap ever closer.
“What’s special about Tipasa, a UNESCO–recognized World Heritage Site since 1982, is the charm of its landscape, the shared presence of history and archaeology, culture, nature, and architecture. It’s the spirit of the place,” said Lynda Aoudia Benali who has studied Tipasa and the ongoing challenges from both rapid urbanization and insufficient Site management.
Now, Tipasa is entering a new chapter, perhaps its last: It’s become a symbol of an entire continent’s heritage in crisis. Recently, a team reported the results of hard work mapping how sea level rise is affecting nearly 300 World Heritage Sites around Africa’s roughly 20,000 miles of coastline. About 20 percent of the sites examined, including Tipasa, are already at higher risk from flooding and erosion (腐蚀). By 2050 that figure is expected to more than twice.
The Site’s 2lst-century problems have only increased in the last two decades. UNESCO has repeatedly threatened to remove the site of World Heritage status. As recently as 2021, the organization noted a lot of problems at Tipasa, such as modern construction, including a proposed port, which threatened the site’s integrity.
1. What can we know about Tipasa?| A．It was built one thousand years ago. |
| B．It is the most important archeological site in Africa. |
| C．It is considered as a well-known tourist attraction. |
| D．It suffered complete damage in the sixth century. |
| A．Tipasa has its unique characteristics. |
| B．Tipasa has experienced quick development. |
| C．Tipasa became a World Heritage Site in the 1990s. |
| D．Tipasa has been paid much attention to for its management. |
| A．The overdevelopment. | B．The abundant tourists. |
| C．The natural disasters. | D．The severe pollution. |
| A．Its modern construction will be completely stopped. |
| B．Its problems have been solved. |
| C．Its effects of climate change will be avoided. |
| D．Its World Heritage status is under threat. |
【推荐2】The discovery of Liangzhu Culture
From December 1936 to March 1937, three archaeological diggings were carried out in the suburbs of Hangzhou,where loads of black ceramics and stoneware were brought to light.
Inspired by these relics, an archaeology lover named Shí Xingeng, who came from West Lake Museum in Hangzhou, wrote several detailed reports on the digging. However, he had to put his work aside when China started to fall into Japan's military aggression. Shi joined the resistance movement against Japanese invasion and died of disease in 1939. What passed away along with him during the war were many of Liangzhu's precious relics.
Fortunately, Shi's reports were finally published in Shanghai in 1938, which caught considerable attention of archaeological circles, In 1959,the name Liangzhu Culture was given to the independent regional culture by archaeologist Xia Nai. It represented an earlier civilization that had remained unknown to historians. The culture, as the radiocarbon dating applied to the relics proved, existed between 3,300 and 2,200 B.C.
It is commonly believed that the earliest known Chinese written language dates back to more than 3,000 year ago; when oracle bone script appeared in Shang Dynasty. But Liangzhu Culture might provide evidence of a written language that appeared in China at least 1,000 years ealiler.
In 2007, Liangzhu Ancient City was reported to be discovered in Hangzhou, where archaeological diggings revealed a large and early walled city in Chinese history. There were man-made hills and streams in the city area, which were very likely part of the early designed urban landscape. To protect the urban space which was formed by waterways and entrances both Inside and outside the city, a flood control system was connected to the river networks and 11 dams. In the fields outside the wall, archaeologists discovered rains of the residences, tombs, workshops, and docks with wooden boats.
1. What can we learn about Liangzhu Culture?| A．It was well preserved. | B．It was named by Shi Xingeng. |
| C．Many of its relics were lost during the war. | D．It was discovered In 1959. |
| A．It proved that Chins has a long history. |
| B．It unearthed a great number of relics. |
| C．It showed the professionalism of Chinese archaeology. |
| D．It might prove the existence of an earlier Chinese written language |
| A．It was e well-designed city. | B．It showed the rules left by flood. |
| C．There were no hills or streams in the city. | D．It was the largest city in Chinese history. |
| A．A travel brochure. | B．A history lecture. |
| C．A cultural website. | D．An archaeological report. |
【推荐3】Six “sacrificial pits (祭祀坑)”, dating back 3,200 to 4,000 years, were newly discovered in Sanxingdui Ruins site in Guanghan, Southwest China’s Sichuan province. Over 500 artifacts, including gold masks, bronze wares, ivories, jades, and textiles, were unearthed from the site.
Sanxingdui site, first found in 1929, is generally considered as one of the most important archaeological(考古) sites along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. However, the work of excavation on the site only began in 1986, when two pits — widely believed for sacrificial ceremonies — were accidentally discovered.
Investigation in the area around No. 1 and 2 pits was relaunched in October 2019, and No. 3 pit was found in December 2019, according to Lei Yu, a researcher of Sichuan Provincial Cultural Relics and Archaeology Research Institute who heads the ongoing excavation. Thirty-four research universities and research institutes have cooperated in this project. He said the new discoveries will help to better understand many unexplained findings in 1986.
More excavation followed in March 2020, and five more pits were found last year. And detailed research began in October. Excavation capsules with hi-tech equipment were set up in the pits in order to prevent the site from further damage.
Sanxingdui site covers an area of 12 square kilometers, and its core zone of an ancient city covers nearly 4 square kilometers. According to the National Cultural Heritage Administration, studies of Sanxingdui site will become a crucial project in an ongoing program Archaeology China, which tries to explain the origins of Chinese civilization and how diverse cultures communicate and come together.
1. What does the underlined word “excavation” in paragraph 2 probably mean?| A．Check | B．Dig |
| C．Exploration | D．Extension |
| A．By dividing the task of excavation into several parts. |
| B．By cooperating with research universities and institutes. |
| C．By using excavation capsule armed with hi-tech equipment. |
| D．By conducting more experiments around the site. |
| A．All sacrificial sites were discovered in the meantime. |
| B．The discovery of Sanxingdui site only began in 2019. |
| C．There are 6 sacrificial pits discovered in Sanxingdui site in all. |
| D．The size of the core zone is about 1/3 times of Sanxingdui site. |
| A．Sacrificial pits were unearthed in Sanxingdui Site. |
| B．Sanxingdui Site needed to be protected. |
| C．Sanxingdui discoveries tell us more about ancient China. |
| D．Hi-tech helped to explore Sanxingdui Site. |
【推荐1】Many people assume Egypt is, and always has been, a desert. But considering that climates and landscapes can change over time and that humans have been known to change natural environments, was ancient Egypt a desert?
The simple answer is no. Not all of Egypt, ancient or modern, qualifies as a desert. Areas near the Nile River tend to be lusher (草木繁茂的), and Egyptians — in both ancient and modern times — have had a successful system of agriculture. However, the environment has changed over Egypt’s history, and the construction of the Aswan High Dam (坝) across the Nile between 1960 and 1970 changed the landscape greatly.
Some areas of Egypt that are now desert were wetter in the past. One famous example is the “Cave of Swimmers” in southwestern Egypt. Today, the area is very dry, but thousands of years ago, it was wetter, and some of the rock art found in caves in the area appears to show people swimming, according to the British Museum.
The Aswan High Dam caused some areas in southern Egypt to flood, leading to the creation of Lake Nasser. Many people had to move, and some archaeological (考古的) sites ended up underwater. The construction of the dam also ended the natural flooding of the Nile. The creation of Lake Nasser also led to more moisture (水分) in the air in some areas of southern Egypt.
One effect of the generally higher Nile River levels during the Bronze Age is that around 2500 B. C., when the pyramids at Giza were constructed, the “Khufu branch”, a vanished (消失的) branch of the Nile River, came right next to the pyramids (金字塔). This branch allowed for materials to be transported to the site by boat, aiding in pyramid construction.
The ancient Egyptians who lived by the Nile in some ways viewed themselves as living on an island in the Nile Valley, with the deserts as a sort of great sea.
1. What can we know about “Cave of Swimmers”?| A．It used to be very dry. | B．The rock art shows it used to be wet. |
| C．It’s near the British Museum. | D．It shows ancient Egyptians loved art. |
| A．It saves some Egypt archaeological sites. |
| B．It brings in too much trouble for Egyptians. |
| C．It affects Egypt both positively and negatively. |
| D．It leads to more moisture in the air in the whole Egypt. |
| A．By making Nile River water level higher. |
| B．By helping people build pyramids more easily. |
| C．By making ancient Egyptians live on an island. |
| D．By leading some branches of the Nile River disappear. |
| A．Was Ancient Egypt a Desert? | B．Do You Know Deserts in Egypt? |
| C．Was Egypt a Great Country? | D．Do You Know Ancient Egypt? |
【推荐2】Yellow fever began to spread in Brazil in 2016. More than 2,000 people got sick, and 750 died. The disease is also severely threatening the golden lion tamarin, a little monkey, living in the rainforest of southeastern Brazil. The disease killed about one-third of its population, which was small even before the outbreak. So, scientists created a vaccine to protect the monkeys.
The vaccination campaign began last year. But vaccinating animals to protect their species from extinction is a new idea, which represents a change in thinking among supporters of wildlife conservation and has raised questions about how far humans should go to save wild animas. Historically, conservationists have believed that humans should not interfere directly with wildlife. A traditional saying in the world of conservation work is “Leave it as is.”
However, Tony Goldberg, a scientist and animal doctor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, believes in vaccinating wild animals when possible. “There are people who say we shouldn’t touch nature and that we shouldn’t alter anything. But really, there are no unspoiled natural habitats left.” he said. “People are realizing they have to do something.” he added. “This epidemic moved very quickly from north to south, across the country-no wildlife does that. It’s people. They cross vast distances in buses, trains, planes. They bring the disease with them. We realized that in five years, we could lose the entire population if we did nothing.”
The vaccine led to antibodies in the tested monkeys and caused no harm, the scientists found. So far, about 300 have been vaccinated and are reported to be doing well. Tests show that more than 90 percent of the monkeys have immunity or resistance to the virus since vaccination.
The outbreak of yellow fever is no longer a big problem for the monkeys, and their population is starting to come back. But even with the success of the vaccine program, scientists are still not sure about creating vaccines for other animals. Jacob Negrey, a biologist who studies monkeys, wondered about unpredictable effects of such wildlife treatment. He explained that you might create a treatment that helps one kind of animal but hurts another.
1. What caused moneys to get infected with yellow fever?| A．Human activities. | B．Loss of their habitat. |
| C．Convenient transportation. | D．The development of Science and technology. |
| A．They are resistant to all viruses. | B．They are no longer endangered animals. |
| C．There is an increase in their population. | D．Some of them are harmed by the vaccine. |
| A．Indifferent. | B．Optimistic. | C．Doubtful. | D．Neutral. |
| A．Vaccinating animals: a heated debate. | B．Yellow fever: a threat to monkeys. |
| C．Protecting moneys: a top priority. | D．Vaccine: a blessing for monkeys. |
【推荐3】Research in the US, for the resale site ThredUp, suggests that 70% of women were prepared to buy second-hand fashion in 2019 compared with 45% four years earlier. It predicts that the resale market will be bigger than fast fashion featuring copying high-fashion designs by 2029 as traditional charity shops sell more items and the resale market expands.
Vinted, another resale site, which now has more than 37 million registered members globally across 13 countries, including 1.2 million in the UK, said it saw an increase of between 16% and 17% in listings in its European markets during COVID-19. The company says during COVID-19 shoppers turned to the Internet to clean out unwanted items they could not sell at charity shops.
And there is an impetus that pushes big retailers (零售商) into the second-hand market. According to a report, the fashion industry is responsible for 10% of yearly global carbon emissions (碳排放) — more than all international flights and shipping combined. Companies including Asda have all signed up to an action plan, including enabling clothing re-use and reducing waste.
Individuals who are without jobs or working shorter hours are increasingly selling unwanted goods online, also driving second-hand sales. There’s recognition that useless objects can have a cash value that can be easily realized.
Tracy Diane Cassidy, a fashion expert, says that an appreciation of excellent design and a desire to create a more individual look beyond mass-produced fast fashion are also driving the trend (趋势).
Brands are starting to take notice that there is a sales opportunity here. Their sales will drop when people start to buy second-hand goods. If they don’t join in, where else are they going to make up for the lost income?
1. What does the research find according to Paragraph 1?| A．Fast fashion is bound to suffer great losses. |
| B．People are more willing to buy used items. |
| C．The resale market attracts young women more. |
| D．70% of second-hand fashion buyers are women. |
| A．A real trouble. | B．A weak point. |
| C．A driving force. | D．An economic benefit. |
| A．Fashion taste. | B．A big profit. |
| C．The habit of saving. | D．Environmental protection. |
| A．The future of fashion brands. |
| B．The advantages of clothing re-use. |
| C．The popularization of the resale market. |
| D．The reasons for buying second-hand items. |
【推荐1】A Private Day Trip in Wuhan and Yinshui Cave
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Tour 1 The Yellow Crane Tower
At 8:00 am,your guide will meet you at your hotel and you will be transferred by the private vehicle to the Yellow Crane Tower.
The Yellow Crane Tower is regarded as the symbol of Wuhan city, located on the Snake Hill in Wuchang,which is one of the “Three Famous Towers South of Yangtze River”. You may climb up to the tower and enjoy panoramic view of the Yangtze River.
Tour 2 Hubei Provincial Museum
If you like history, this is the best place to visit. It is the center for collecting, studying, preserving and displaying historical and cultural relics in Hubei.
These relics provide precious material data for studying the development of history, culture,art, science and music in ancient China. The most important is the Serial Bells show.
Tour 3 Yinshui Cave Geopark
After the lunch, you will take a private vehicle for about 1.5 hours to Liujiaqiao Village firstly that is living area for over 9000 villagers,and their ancestors were from the royal family of Han Dynasty 2000 years ago. Afterwards you will visit the last spot, the Yinshui Cave Geopark. This 5180-meter cave has two underground rivers, and there are impressive stalagmite, stalactite, waterfall, and rocks etc in the cave. Later you will be transferred back to your hotel in Wuhan where this day tour concludes.
Price Includes
Professional guide
Transport by private vehicle
Bottled water
Price Excludes
Travel insurance
Breakfasts,lunches and suppers
Tips or gratuities for guide and driver
1. If you are interested in knowing about Chinese musical instruments, you may visit ________.| A．Hubei Provincial Museum | B．The Yellow Crane Tower |
| C．Tiujiaqiao Village | D．Yinshui Cave Geopark |
| A．tour guide | B．drinking water |
| C．free meal | D．private vehicle |
| A．in a novel | B．on the internet |
| C．on TV | D．in a report |
【推荐2】Remember switching the radio channels, hoping a tune you liked would pop out? You never had to listen too long to know you’d landed on a hit. Maria Chait, an auditory cognitive neuroscientist （听觉认知神经学家）at London University, and her team recently studied how quick that reaction is. They started by asking 10 volunteers to name a feel-good, familiar song.
Then the researchers selected a second tune that sounded similar but was unfamiliar to the volunteers. They divided both songs into tiny bits — each less than a second long and then randomly inserted them into a six — and — a — half — minute — long track of song pieces. As the pieces played, the scientists measured the volunteers' brain activity and monitored changes in pupil, too — a sign of excitement. And the researchers found that the listeners‘ pupils widened more rapidly when they heard familiar versus （与......对比）unfamiliar tunes — within just a tenth to a third of a second! Familiar tunes also caused a two-step pattern of brain activity where the brain first recognizes something as familiar and then brings back more detailed information about it. That pattern was absent for unfamiliar songs.
The study does have limitations：it used a small number of songs; it was hard to mask the purpose of the study from the participants; and the control group ended up being primarily international students from Asia —since they had to be unfamiliar with every single song — so their native languages and music backgrounds differed from the experimental group from a European background.
Still, for doctors who want to use music as a helpful tool for patients with memory loss, for example, that might be useful in the situation, for participants are not required to indicate anything. They just listen passively. Doctors simply have to observe the neural（神经的） fingerprints of hearing that same old song.
1. How did the researchers conduct the study?| A．They asked volunteers to sing along. |
| B．They separated songs for comparison. |
| C．They observed the listeners’ expressions. |
| D．They took two steps to draw the conclusion. |
| A．It proves to be persuasive. | B．It is based on practical theory. |
| C．It needs further research. | D．It should use Asian language. |
| A．The research is helpful in some medical way. |
| B．Doctors are delighted with the research result. |
| C．It's easy to cure patients with memory loss. |
| D．Patients need treating with music like songs. |
| A．How Gan We Use Familiar Songs |
| B．Music Is Good for Our Brains |
| C．Familiar Tunes Awake Brains Quickly |
| D．Doctors Practice Musical Treatment |
【推荐3】Four Best U.S. Destinations to Travel to in Summer
The Colorado Rockies
Summer is a great time to get outdoors and experience the Colorado Rockies when they're not covered in white. Colorado's national and state parks come alive in a unique way that's rarely seen in winter. During summer, for example, Crested Butte turns into an ocean of wild flowers. The annual Crested Butte Wildflower Festival is a sight to behold and an even better one to photograph.
Mackinac Island, Michigan
Summer is the ideal time to experience Mackinac Island. With no cars allowed, calm lake waves, and cool weather, it's the closest inlanders can feel to a beach vacation without heading to the coast. July is a prime time to visit as the island's annual Independence Day celebration is among the best in the state, which guarantees plenty of beach-style partying.
Boise and the Rest of Idaho
Idaho appears to be a vast, uninteresting potato farmland to provide the rest of the country with French fries. However, it's one of the most beautiful, adventure-heavy states in the country. July just happens to be the best time of year to visit, particularly if you're not down with snow. For amateur astronomers, it's home to one of the best dark sky reserves in the country; rafting enthusiasts will find no shortage of whitewater challenges on the Snake River; and Boise offers more fun and sunshine than you'd expect the capital of Idaho to.
The White Mountains in New Hampshire
The White Mountains might seem an obvious summer getaway to local people. However, the epic hiking, mountain biking, and cycling opportunities here still attract some adventure enthusiasts from other parts of the country. But, with more than 148, 000 acres to explore in White Mountain National Forest alone, it's easy to escape the town center and find enough green space all to yourself. For a more relaxing getaway, Newfound Lake is the largest freshwater beach in the state, while Squam Lake provides endless boating opportunities.
1. What do the Colorado Rockies and Mackinac Island, Michigan have in common?| A．They are famous for wild flowers. | B．They don't allow cars to run in. |
| C．They are covered in snow in all seasons. | D．They hold celebrating activities in summer. |
| A．The Colorado Rockies. | B．Mackinac Island, Michigan. |
| C．Boise and the Rest of Idaho. | D．The White Mountains in New Hampshire. |
| A．It is a good place for relaxation. | B．It is open mainly to local people. |
| C．It is famous for its boating races. | D．It provides visitors with skiing sites. |
【推荐1】People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5cm. A global study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries 1914 and 2014. The results show that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from l2th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5cm. Larvian women, meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest in the world a century later, with an average height of 169.8cm. James Bentham, a co-author of the research says the global trend is likely but once you average over whole populations, genetics plays a less key role," he added.
But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many countries of north and sub-Saharan Africa causes concern, says Elio Riboli of Imperial College. While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.
"One reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the 1980s," said Professor Alexander. The nutritional and health problems that followed the policy of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential in terms of height.
Bentham believes the global trend of increasing height has important implications. "How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in," he said. "If we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come."
1. What can be learned from Paragraph I?| A．The increase in women’s height is much bigger than men’s in the last century. |
| B．The last century has seen a great increase in people’s height in most countries. |
| C．Genetics plays a key role in the increase of people’s height in the last century. |
| D．Dutch and Swedes are ranked first and second in height in the world nowadays. |
| A．slowed down. | B．gone upwards. | C．changed to the contrary. | D．come to life again. |
| A．The economic situation of some countries should be improved. |
| B．Environment protection should be attached great importance to. |
| C．The global trend of increasing height should be closely watched. |
| D．Children’s proper nutrition and healthcare should be guaranteed. |
【推荐2】Jack's sister gave him a car as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Jack came out of his office, a street boy was walking around the shiny new car, admiring it. ''Is this your car, Mister? ''he asked. Jack nodded. ''My sister gave it to me for Christmas. '' The boy was astonished. ''You mean your sister gave it to you and it didn't cost you anything? Boy, I wish…'' He hesitated. Of course Jack knew what he was going to wish for. He was going to wish he had a sister like that. But what the kid said made Jack quite surprised.
''I wish,'' the boy went on, ''that I could be a sister like that.'' Jack looked at the boy in astonishment, and then impulsively he added, ''Would you like to take a ride in my automobile?''
''Oh, yes, I'd love that.'' After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said, ''Mister, would you mind driving in front of my house?'' Jack smiled a little. He thought he knew what he wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big automobile. But Jack was wrong again.
''Will you stop where those two steps are?'' the boy asked. He ran up the steps. Then after a little while Jack saw him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled sister. He sat her down on the bottom step and pointed to the car. ''There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His sister gave it to him for Christmas and it didn't cost him a cent. And some day I’m going to give you one just like it. . . then you can see for yourself all the pretty things in the Christmas windows that I've been trying to tell you about.”
Jack got out and lifted the kid to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older sister climbed in beside him and the three of them began a memorable holiday ride.
That Christmas Eve, Jack learned that it was more blessed to give…
1. Which of the following is FALSE according to the passage?| A．The boy was wishing for a sister like Jack's. |
| B．Jack's sister gave him a car at Christmas. |
| C．The boy wanted to show his car to his neighbors. |
| D．The boy had a disabled sister. |
| A．The steps. | B．The automobile. |
| C．The girl. | D．The woman. |
| A．Kind-hearted and generous. | B．Kind-hearted and thoughtful. |
| C．Honest and generous. | D．Honest and hardworking. |
| A．Having a rich sister is important. | B．It's unlucky to have a disabled sister. |
| C．It's better to give than to receive. | D．God helps those who help themselves. |
【推荐3】When I re-entered the full-time work after a decade of running my own business, there was a top thing I was looking forward to: to make friends with the colleagues once again. As a matter of fact, it wasn't until I entered the company that I realized making friends with colleagues wasn’t the first at all. It is developing interpersonal relationships at work that is vital, which can not only help overcome a range of problems at work but also promote productivity and the quality of work output.
Perhaps my expectations of lunches and chatting with friends were the memory of the last time I was in that kind of office environment. However, as I near the end of my fourth decade, I realize work can be fully functional and entirely satisfying without needing to be the best workmates with the people sitting next to you.
In an academic analysis just published in the very influential Journal of Management, researchers have developed the idea of "indifferent relationships", which is a simple term that summarizes the fact that relationships at work can be less close, unimportant and even replaceable.
Indifferent relationships are neither positive nor negative. The limited research conducted so far shows they're especially obvious among those who value independence over cooperation, and harmony over disharmony. Indifference is also the preferred choice among those who are socially lazy and regard maintaining relationships over the long term takes effort.
As mentioned above, indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful way in solving problems at work. Even so, there are proven benefits on indifferent relationship. One of them is efficiency. Less time chatting and socializing means more time working and producing. Another is self-respect. As human beings, we tend to compare ourselves to each other. Apparently, we look down on acquaintances more than friends. In the process their strengths can raise the sense of self-worth. The third advantage is that the emotional neutrality of indifferent relationships has been found to improve critical thinking, enhance people’s attention to task solving, and make it easier to gain valuable information.
None of those benefits might be as fun as after-work socializing but, hey, I'll take it anyway.
1. What did the author realize when he re-entered the company?| A．Building interpersonal relationships was important. |
| B．Making new friends with workmates was not so easy as he had expected. |
| C．Developing positive interpersonal relationships helped him find his place. |
| D．Working in companies requires more interpersonal skills than self-employment. |
| A．Being in conflict with workmates in the office. |
| B．Spending less time chatting and socializing in the office. |
| C．Having deep and meaningful conversations with colleagues. |
| D．Being the best mates with the people sitting next to you in the office. |
| A．They provide fun at work. |
| B．They improve work efficiency. |
| C．They help control emotions at work. |
| D．They help solve problems during work time. |
| A．Cautious. | B．Doubtful. |
| C．Approving. | D．Indifferent. |
