【推荐2】Summer Leadership Programs for High School Students

Do you see yourself as a leader?Strong leadership skills are a great way to set yourself apart on a college application as well as in your future career.Below are four summer programs that will give you a head start on improving your leadership abilities.

The Brown Leadership Institute

Brown University's pre-college summer programming includes The Brown Leadership Institute,a month-long leadership training session for high school students.The program aims to apply leadership skills to social issues. Through case studies, discussions and debates, students examine complicated global issues and learn to come up with effective solutions.

Students Today Leaders Forever

Students Today Leaders Forever, a national non-profit student leadership association, offers this live-in summer experience for high school students. Students participate in leadership workshops and team-building activities with a focus on organization, teamwork, communication, and an overall commitment to effecting positive change. There are two six-day sessions hosted on the campuses of Hamline University.

Leadership in the Business World

Rising high school seniors interested in exploring undergraduate business administration and leadership are encouraged to apply to this program,sponsored every summer by the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.The two-week program is offered at both of Wharton's campuses in San Francisco and Philadelphia.

National Student Leadership Conference

This program offers a five-day course on Mastering Leadership.It includes a series of workshops that emphasize the"Pillars of Effective Leadership",including goal-setting,group brainstorming,team building,people-convincing communication,and community service,as well as taking field trips,meeting with leadership professionals,and completing a day of service in the local community.Dates and locations vary.

1. What can students do in the program offered by Brown University?

A．Meet with leadership professionals.	B．Participate in community service.
C．Analyze difficult world issues.	D．Take several field trips.

2. Which program is located at Hamline University's campuses?

A．Students Today Leaders Forever.	B．The Brown Leadership Institute.
C．Leadership in the Business World.	D．National Student Leadership Conference.

3. How long does the program focusing on business administration last?

A．Five days.

B．Twelve days.

C．Two weeks.

D．One month.

【推荐2】The Master Gardener Foundation

Aim

The Master Gardener Foundation provides free information to the public on environmentally   safe gardening practices and water conservation. The information is research-based and encourages limited use of farm chemicals and fertilizers.

Donation Activities

The master gardeners here did much donation work. They donated over 35,000 volunteer hours, serving 40,000 adults and more than 5,200 children. They did this through about 35 plant clinics, 6 demonstration gardens, 4 youth gardens, as well as a classroom program and dozens of workshops. The Master Gardener Foundation provides roughly two-thirds of the financial support for all these valuable activities.

Washington State University currently provides the salary and benefits of the Master Gardener Program. The foundation funds office space and supplies, as well as a part-time program assistant.

The Master Gardener Program

Safe and green gardening and water use practices are vital to preserving our environment. The Master Gardener Program seeks to provide this kind of education and information to the citizens for free. It is a highly successful example of cooperation between a foundation and volunteers.

Waiting for Your Donations

The Master Gardener Foundation is a non-profit organization, and all donations are allowed by law and support the Master Gardener Program and activities.

Please consider a donation to the Master Gardener Foundation and help keep our environment green!

1. What does the underlined word "this" in paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Science research.	B．Adopting children.
C．Donation work.	D．Sparing volunteer hours.

2. What do we know about the Master Gardener Program?

A．It's very expensive.

B．It proves to be unsuccessful.

C．It provides education just in producing farm chemicals.

D．It's a bridge between the foundation and volunteers.

3. What is the main purpose of the text?

A．To encourage donations.

B．To describe volunteer work. '

C．To spread the agricultural knowledge.

D．To give some suggestions to gardeners.

【推荐3】In order to help customers find what they want quickly, it’s important to keep the thousands of titles in the Main Street Movies store organized properly. This section of the Employee Handbook will tell you how to organize videos.

Each Main street Movies store has three main sections:

.1.New Releases Wall.
.2.Film library.
.3.Video Games.
New Releases Wall. Almost 70 percent of movie rentals are new releases, and that is the first place where most customers go when they enter the store. The center section of shelves on this wall holds Hottest Hits. When new titles come into the store, place them on this wall in alphabetical order. The shelves beside Hottest Hits are called Recent Releases. The New Releases Wall, including the Hottest Hits and Recent Releases shelves, holds about 350 titles.

Film Library. The thousands of titles in the Film Library are organized into categories. The films within each category are displayed alphabetically. Here are the categories and their two-letter computer codes:

AC	Action	DR	Drama	HO	Horror
CH	Children	FA	Family	MU	Music
CO	Comedy	FL	Foreign Language	SC	SCIENCE Fiction

Foreign Language titles include films that were originally made in a foreign language and films with foreign language subtitles. A sticker on the back of each box tells which type of film it is.

Video Game. All the video games in Main street Movies are arranged in alphabetical order. Although video games represent only a small percentage of our inventory(库存), they are stolen more often than any other type of goods in our store. Therefore, video games are never displayed on the shelves. Shelves in the Video Game section hold cardboard with pictures and information about each game. When a customer wants to rent a particular game, you then find the game from the locked case behind the counter.

1. Whom do you think this passage is most probably addressed to?

A．The readers in the store.

B．The manager of the store.

C．The customers in the store.

D．The salespersons of the store.

2. In which order are the new movies moved in the store?

A．From Hottest Hits to Film Library to Recent Releases.

B．From Film Library to Hottest Hits to Recent Releases.

C．From Recent Releases to Film Library to Hottest Hits.

D．From Hottest Hits to Recent Releases to Film Library.

3. Why can’t video games be seen on the shelves?

A．Because they’ve been sold out.

B．Because they’re in the storehouse.

C．Because they’re in a locked case behind the counter.

D．Because they represent a small percentage of the inventory.

4. How can a customer find a film with foreign language subtitles?

A．Check the computer.

B．Look at the back of the box.

C．Check the center section.

D．Watch a few minutes of the film.

【推荐1】Devote yourself to the work you do, not the prize you might get. Hao Jingfang, a Tsinghua University alumna, is pursuing her passion for writing and education.

In 2016, she won the prestigious Hugo Award with her novella, Folding Beijing, which made her the first female writer in China to bring home this prize. Later on, the author turned to education. She set up Tongxing Academy for public welfare education and WePlanets to foster children’s creativity after school.

“The major task for society is to help people get better education, to improve their skill set in line with future technological advancements, and to broaden their horizons,” Hao said.

Since founding her company, Hao has been carrying out voluntary teaching programs in rural areas. “We really want these kids to have better education resources like kids from the cities,” she said. “We hope that the children from rural China, if one day they manage to live in the cities, can do more than car maintenance, for example. They will have the skills to take on other jobs.”

Different from the typical Chinese parents so ambitious for their children, Hao suggests giving kids more space for trial and error. “I do believe the best mentality for parents is to stand behind your children,” Hao said. “Let the child cope with the reality and decide for themselves. If they struggle with obstacles, you can offer them some guidance or encouragement.”

“I’ve had a wide variety of interests since childhood. I’ve got used to doing different things,” says the 35-year-old.

Being an economic researcher, a writer and entrepreneur herself, she encourages all women to discover their passions. “We live in a big, big world with boundless possibilities, various trades and different vocations. Don’t be too afraid to try something new. When you find the one thing that you want to commit to, you will become fearless to follow your dream.”

1. Why does Hao set up Weplanets?

A．To develop children’s creativity after school.

B．To offer better education resources to children.

C．To encourage children to face obstacles bravely.

D．To give suggestions on children education.

2. Which of the following statements about Hao Jingfang is true?

A．She is a professor in writing and education of Tsinghua Universtiy.

B．She is the first Chinese writer to win Hugo Award with her novella.

C．She is engaged in voluntary teaching programs in the countryside.

D．She is interested in limited aspects owing to her parents’ requirements.

3. What’s the advice Hao gives to Chinese parents?

A．They should encourage children to get better education.

B．They should urge children to form various habits.

C．They should help children to avoid the obstacles in reality.

D．They should inspire children to make decisions themselves.

4. Where is the passage taken from?

A．A textbook.

B．A newspaper.

C．an autobiography.

D．A fiction.

【推荐2】

BookWorm Cultural Homestay Program STAY IN THE ASIAN COUNTRY OF YOUR CHOICE POR 3 MONTHS
Our program gives you the chance to improve your Asian language skills (or start learning a new language) as well as discovering more about the country you are visiting. You will live with a local family specially chosen for you based on yours shared interests. In return for teaching the family’s children English for around 2 hours each day, you will be given the chance to experience the local language and culture. You will also receive 400 dollars pocket money each month, as well as free plane tickets to and from the country you visit.
ABOUT THE PROGRAM TO TAKE PART YOU MUST: ·Have a current passport ·Be a senior middle school or university student ·Be between 16 and 25 years old ·Have excellent English language skills ·Be open to other cultures ·Be interested in Asian culture	BOOKWORM WILL GIVE YOU: ·Free return ticket to the country you choose ·Local language lessons (6 hours per week) ·Your own Private bedroom with free Internet ·Pocket money ($400 a month) ·A local phone card ·Airport pickup, welcome dinner and 3-day city tour
For a full list of participating countries and details about how to apply please visit our website at www.bookwormasia.org

1. Why would a homestay family probably want to take part in this program?

A．They are eager to share their interests.

B．They want their own children to learn English.

C．They are paid to do so by the company.

D．They wish to travel to other countries later.

2. Who CANNOT take part in the program as a homestay visitor?

A．Someone who already speaks an Asian language.

B．A student that has taken part in the program before.

C．A student born in a non-English language speaking country.

D．A 24-year-old middle school English teacher from Britain.

3. What will each homestay visitor receive for free as part of the program?

A．A return airplane ticket.	B．A mobile phone.
C．Three restaurant meals a day	D．Citywide bus and train travel.

【推荐3】Humans have always been curious about what Earth was like thousands of years ago. To learn more about the plants and animals that lived during that time, scientists examine their fossils or other remains. In recent years, genetics, and in particular the the study of DNA, has become an important tool for these scientists. Some people even dream of bringing ancient creatures such as dinosaurs back to life. Although no animals have been brought back yet, scientists have managed to grow a number of ancient plants from seeds. By far theoldest of these plants is a 32,000-year-old plant that has been grown again by Russian scientists.

The plant is a flower called Silenestenophylla, which used to grow in Siberia in eastern Russia. The scientists discovered seeds and fruits of the plant buried deep below the ground. They believe the seeds and fruits were put there by an ancient animal which stored them to eat during the winter. The seeds that scientists found failed to grow because they were damaged. However, the scientists were able to take genetic material from the fruit to grow a new plant. Then, this plant produced new seeds which the scientists were able to use to grow more plants.

A modern relative of the original flower still grows in Siberia, but when the ancient flower was grown, it had some important differences from the modern flower. The petals on the ancient flower were much longer and also spaced further apart. Studying the ancient flower will allow the scientists to learn more about how plants have evolved.

Before this, the oldest seed to have been grown was from a 2,000-year-year-old tree in Israel. The Russian scientists believe the reason why the Siberian seeds were preserved for so long is that they were buried in permanently frozen earth, which protected the genetic information in the seeds. The scientists believe that the permanently frozen soil in Siberia contains many other ancient seeds, so they may be able to bring back even older plants. This will help them better understand the history of plants and how they have changed over time.

1. Recently, scientist have ________.

A．been able to bring a number of ancient animals back to life

B．begun using genetics to learn more about ancient plants and animals

C．started to create a dinosaur that could live on Earth today

D．tried to create new types of fossils to study how animals used to live

2. How were Russian scientists able to grow Silenestenophylla?

A．They used genetic material from an ancient fruit they discovered.

B．They used ancient seeds that they had found deep below the ground.

C．They planted the seeds deep in the ground to protect them during the cold winter.

D．They planted fruit in a new kind of container that they had specially designed.

3. What is one thing the Russian scientists learned by comparing the ancient plant with its modern relative?

A．The plant used to produce fewer flowers than it produces now.

B．The plant has evolved to have shorter petals on its flowers.

C．The ancient plant was a different color from its modern relative.

D．The modern plant is found across a wider area of Russia than the ancient one.

4. The Russian scientists believe that ________.

A．it is unlikely that they can grow plants from seeds that are over 2,000 years old

B．ancient seeds that were kept in Israel will be easier to grow than Russian seeds

C．they will be able to grow plants in areas where the earth is permanently frozen

D．the frozen soil in Siberia is able to keep the DNA of plants safe for a long time

5. Which of the following statements is true?

A．Russian scientists would like to use frozen earth to protect seeds.

B．Human DNA can be used to help scientists learn more about the genetic history of plants.

C．The fruit and seeds of Silenestenophylla may have been buried by an ancient animal.

D．The first plant that had flowers grew in Siberia over 32,000 years ago.

【推荐1】Scientists blame greenhouse gases for being a major cause of climate change around the world. This is because greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere and make the planet warmer.

Now, a team of researchers has announced a successful experiment that turned carbon dioxide into useful liquid fuel. The researchers created a device, called a reactor, which changes bon dioxide into a pure form of formic acid(甲酸). Formic acid is a substance (物质) found in ants and some other insects, as well as in many plants. It is used as an antibacterial material and in the processing of some kinds of clothing.

Haotian Wang led the research team. He said in a statement that the results of the experiment were important because formic acid is a major carrier of energy. So, the substance can provide a way to reuse carbon dioxide and prevent it from being released into the atmosphere. “It’s a fuel-cell fuel that can generate electricity and send out carbon dioxide which you can grab and recycle again,” Wang said.

“Other methods for turning carbon dioxide into formic acid require intense purification processes,” Wang said. Such methods are very costly and require a lot of energy. The Rice University team said it was able to reduce the number of steps in the traditional process to create a low-cost, energy-saving method.

The researchers reported the reactor device performed with a conversion rate (转化率) of 42 percent. This means that nearly half of the electrical energy can be stored in formic acid as liquid fuel. The team said the reactor was able to create formic acid continuously for 100 hours with little degradation (退化) of the device’s parts.

Wang said the reactor could easily be used to produce other high-value products, including alcohol-based fuels. The researchers noted that the technology could also be a big help in solving another major energy problem—how to store large amounts of power in small places.

1. What factor is the main cause of climate change?

A．Greenhouse gases.	B．Chemistry waste.
C．Formic acid.	D．Liquid fuel.

2. What do we know about formic acid?

A．It is a large amount of power.	B．It can be found in ants.
C．It is high- value equipment.	D．It is a substance in clothing.

3. What is Wang’s attitude towards his own research?

A．Doubtful.	B．Aggressive.
C．Optimistic.	D．Uncaring.

4. In what magazine can you read this text?

A．A travel magazine.	B．A sports magazine.
C．A music magazine.	D．A science magazine.

【推荐2】March 23, 2016 — Rescue workers found a family in their RV on Tuesday after 17 snowy days in the mountains near the Oregon coast.

Peter Stivers, Marlo Hill Stivers, their two children Sab, 9, and Gab, 8, and Hill Stivers's mother and stepfather, Elbert and Becky Higginbotham, were in the vehicle. On their way home from a trip along the coast, the family got lost in the mountains at an elevation of about 3,800 feet. What’s worse, they were trapped in four feet of snow.

“We had fuel and food, but we were running short,” said Elbert Higginbotham. “We were rationing (定量配给).” When the family was reported missing, rescue teams from Oregon and California searched likely routes to the coast. But with no leads and no idea where the family was heading, those conducting the unsuccessful search eventually called it off.

In the evenings, Sab and Gab entertained the adults by reading jokes from Reader’s Digest aloud. The family members survived mostly on dehydrated (脱水的) food.

On Monday, Hill Stivers and her busband decided to go for help. They packed a tent, wool blankets, tuna fish, honey, and hand-warmers to take into the wilderness with them. The children stayed safe in the RV with their grandparents.

The couple were found the following day by a US Bureau (局) of Land Management worker. A rescue team in a helicopter located the rest of the family. The family was driven out of the snowbound area on snow machines. Parents and children were happily reunited.

“They enjoyed it,” Peter Stivers said of his children’s experience. “They didn’t know we were in trouble.” For the adults, it was quite an ordeal (考验). They had to worry about survival and rescue, and about keeping everyone calm. “I’m so proud of my family,” said Elbert Higginbotham. “They stuck together. They didn’t lose it.”

1. What was the major cause of the family’s bad situation?

A．They ran short of fuel.

B．It snowed heavily.

C．They couldn't find their way.

D．Their RV couldn't move in the snow.

2. Which of the following can NOT be learned from the passage?

A．The rescue search failed for lack of necessary clues.

B．The children felt no fear when the family were trapped.

C．On Tuesday, the couple were found by a rescue worker.

D．The adults performed well in the face of trouble.

3. This passage was probably chosen from a newspaper's column of      .

A．Journal

B．Environment

C．News

D．Exploration

【推荐3】Driverless technology will soon enter another major global industry: shipping. Several companies recently announced plans to launch self-sailing ships to improve safety and efficiency.

One of them is Norwegian chemical company Yara International. Yara has designed to build an autonomous ship expected to launch next year. The ship is fully electric to reduce air pollution. It is designed to carry containers normally transported by truck. This means the ship will also improve road safety by replacing about 40,000 truck trips a year.

Yara plans to operate the ships by remote control beginning sometime next year. By 2020, the ships should be loading and sailing themselves. Another company focusing on self-sailing ships is the world’s largest mining company, Australia’s BHP Billiton. The company’s Vice President of Freight, Rashpal Bhatti, recently spoke about the technology. He said, “I believe automation will be one of the biggest changes for shipping in the future.” Autonomous ships offer important chances to improve safety and provide better efficiency outcomes to the marine supply chain.” He added that self-sailing ships could become a reality within the next decade.

Rolls-Royce, the British automobile and engine manufacturer, is also developing unmanned shipping technologies. Oskar Levander is the company’s head of marine operations. He told a conference last year, “This is happening. It’s not if, it’s when.”

Several shipping companies have invested hundreds of millions of dollars to develop self-sailing ships expected to be used by 2025. These ships will be equipped with technology to collect weather and sea data. They will then use the data to plan out the safest, shortest and most fuel-efficient route.

1. What advantages does the driverless ship have according to the passage?

A．Environmental friendly.	B．Without noise.
C．Low cost.	D．Having stronger ship body.

2. What can we learn from paragraph 3?

A．Australia’s BHP Billiton is the world’s largest ship company.

B．The ships will work almost automatically by 2020.

C．Bhatti isn’t sure of the future of driverless ship.

D．Self-sailing ships will be used in a couple of years.

3. What attitude does Oskar Levander have to the new driverless ship?

A．Unsure.

B．Doubtful.

C．Sure.

D．Objective.

4. Where is probably the passage taken from?

A．A physics textbook.	B．A travel booklet.
C．An advertisement.	D．A science report.