Cetaceans(鲸目动物) communicate through sound to find food and to interact socially. Their sounds vary between species and within communities. The long-finned pilot whales can mimic（模仿） artificial noise, but nobody had previously recorded them. A new study, however, found overlap in the cetacean sound book.
Pilot whales and orcas, the two largest species of cetaceans, are often seen in the same environments and are similar sizes, and both live in social groups with strong union, says Charlotte Curé, a bioacoustics researcher at CEREMA Lab in France, who was not involved in the study. Orcas compete for food with long-finned pilot whales and are potentially their predators.
Evidence from orca stomachs shows they do occasionally eat pilot whales. But pilot whales can mob and chase them away, the only cetaceans seen defending themselves from the strong enemies in this way.
Mimicry could serve as an additional defense: “One assumption is that if they use similar sounds, they may not be recognized as prey,” Erbe says. Pilot whales eating orcas’ food remains might go unnoticed if they use orca-like calls. “This is all underwater,” she adds, “so these animals rely on sound for detecting their prey and predators.” Long-finned pilot whales have shown an ability to distinguish between orca calls with different meanings; Curé suggests that instead of tricking orcas, the callers could instead be presenting a new orca sound to other group members.
Additional work would confirm whether mimicry is actually occurring. Researchers could pair their listening data with direct observations of the animals’ interactions in the wild or perhaps even play orca sounds and watch the whales’ reactions.
But if a future experiment used predatory sounds, it would need to be done very carefully. “A reaction to a predator can be very strong,” Curé says. “In some protected areas, you are not allowed to do more than two predatory playbacks per year.”
1. Which of the following is not the pilot whales and orcas share in common?| A．They communicate through sound. |
| B．They always live together with other group members. |
| C．They often live in the same environments. |
| D．They can defend themselves through mimicry. |
| A．The pilot whales mimic the sounds to detect their prey. |
| B．The pilot whales can pretend to be orcas to share the food remains. |
| C．The pilot whales only mimic one kind of the sounds of the orcas. |
| D．The pilot whales can distinguish different meanings of orcas calls to trick them. |
| A．By mimicking the sounds in the experiment. |
| B．By analyzing the data from the cetacean sound book. |
| C．By listening or playing the sounds and watching the whales’ reactions. |
| D．By observing the whales from the distance. |
| A．Pilot Whales: Copy Orca Calls |
| B．Pilot Whales and Orcas: Two Largest Animals |
| C．Orcas: Predators in the Sea. |
| D．Pilot Whales: Ways to Defend Themselves |
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SPECIES DIRECTORY | ||||
| Scientific Name | Neophocaena asiaeorientalis ssp. asiaeorientalis | Lycaon pictus | Ateles paniscus | Ursus arctos |
| Common Name | Yangtze Finless Porpoise | African Wild Dog | Black Spider Monkey | Brown Bear |
| Facts | The Yangtze River, the longest river in Asia, used to be one of the only two rivers in the world that was home to two different species of dolphin—the Yangtze finless porpoise and the Baiji dolphin. However, in 2006 the Baiji dolphin was declared functionally extinct. This was the first time in history that an entire species of dolphin had been wiped off the planet because of human activity. Its close cousin, the Yangtze finless porpoise, is known for its mischievous smile and has a level of intelligence comparable to that of a gorilla. | The wild dog is one of the world’s most endangered mammals. The largest populations remain in southern Africa and the southern part of East Africa. Wild dogs are social and gather in packs of around ten individuals, but some packs number more than 40. They are opportunistic predators that hunt medium-sized ruminants(反刍动物), such as gazelles. In a sprint, African wild dogs can reach speeds of more than 44 miles per hour. | The black spider monkey—also known as the Guiana or red-faced spider monkey— is found in eastern South America in areas north of the Amazon River. They are one of seven species of spider monkeys found in Latin America and one of the largest primate(灵长目动物的)species in South America. | Few animals have captured the imagination like brown bears. They can stand on two legs, walk on the soles of their feet, pick things up with their "fingers,” and often eat what we eat. This—coupled with their ability to communicate with one another through scratch marks left on trees, smells and sounds—establishes a similarity to our own way of life. Some of the largest living carnivores, brown bears have fallen prey to hunting and other conflicts with humans. |
| Population | 1,000-1,800 | 1,409 | / | 110,000 |
| Length | 6.2 feet | 30-56inches | 16—24 inches(body), 24—32 inches(tail) | 6.5 feet |
| Habitats | Lakes & Rivers | Deserts, Forests, Grasslands | Tropical and subtropical moist broad-leaf forests | Forests, Tundra |
| Conservation Status | Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable | Least Concern |
| A．A government report on rare animals. | B．A popular science fiction about animals. |
| C．A website about world wildlife. | D．A book about endangered animals. |
| A．Yangtze Finless Porpoise. | B．African Wild Dog. |
| C．Ateles paniscus. | D．Ursus arctos. |
| A．Yangtze Finless Porpoise. | B．African Wild Dog. |
| C．Ateles paniscus. | D．Ursus arctos. |
Their cheery song brightens many a winter's day. But robins are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much. Robins are singing all night一as well as during the day, British-based researchers say.
David Dominoni, of Glasgow University, said that light from street lamps, take away signs and homes is affecting the birds' biological clocks, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.
Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of sleep could put the birds’ health at risk. His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.
He told people at a conference, "There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy. So by increasing their song output, there might be some costs of energy."
And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said, "In Glasgow where I live, gulls are a serious problem. I have people coming to me saying `You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls?'.During the breeding(繁殖)season, between April and June, they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep."
Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution, other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.
However, some birds thrive(兴旺)in noisy environments. A study from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery. It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators(天敌)fleeing to quieter areas.
1. According to Dr Dominoni's study, what cause robins to sing so much?
| A．The breeding season. |
| B．The light in modern life |
| C．The dangerous environment. |
| D．The noise from heavy machinery. |
| A．The environment might be polluted. |
| B．The birds' health might be damaged. |
| C．The industry cost might be increased. |
| D．The people's hearing might be affected. |
| A．Active at night. | B．Inactive at night. |
| C．Active during the day. | D．Inactive during the day. |
| A．Because there are fewer dangers. |
| B．Because there is more food to eat. |
| C．Because there is less light pollution |
| D．Because there are more places to take shelter. |
【推荐3】Shark attacks are usually rare but their in recently years has been put down to one major factor —us.
Scientists believe that humans are directly to blame for man-eating sharks taking a great interest in our bodies lately. Researchers at Bond University in Queensland, Australia, believe that human interference with their habitat--like scuba diving and coastal development —is the reason.
Last year there were 98 reported shark attacks, which is an 11% increase on the previous record of 88 in 2000. Overall, there has been a staggering 69% rise over the last ten years and warmer seas because of global warming are thought to be to blame.
Dr Blake Chapman and Dr Daryl McPhee, who conducted the study, said: Coastal development and infrastructure can have major environmental implications on the distribution of sharks, and this can flow on to the number of unprovoked shark bites. Citing the construction of a new port in Recife, Brazil, the scientists believe the sharp rise in the number of sharks attacking people is down to the destruction of their habitat and forcing them closer to humans.
The researchers added: Unprovoked shark bite was virtually unheard of in Recife prior to the construction and operation of the Suape Port. “However, due to environmental changes displacing local shark species and the presence of increased shipping activity, Recife is now renowned for having one of the highest rates of shark bites per unit area in the world.”
Most attacks on humans are carried out by great white shark, bull sharks and tiger sharks, with 84% of bites taking place in just six countries or territories, including the US, South Africa, Australia, Brazil, the Bahamas and Reunion.
1. Which reason is Not true for shark attack on the basis of researchers at Bond University?| A．Sharks are hungry |
| B．Scuba diving |
| C．Coastal development |
| D．Human interference with their habitat |
| A．Deliberate | B．Unreasonable |
| C．Invariable | D．Continuous |
| A．Australia | B．The Bahamas |
| C．South Africa | D．China |
| A．To save more sharks | B．To ask people to keep away from sharks |
| C．To catch more sharks | D．To decrease shark attacks |
【推荐1】An estimated 70 percent of cats and 60 percent of dogs in the U.S. are overweight or obese, so chances are that your pet needs to lose weight rather than pack on some pounds, It's not always easy to tell if your pet could afford to lose a few, but there are some other signs that can tip you off, One important factor: the waist. ''Most people don't know what a normal cat should look like,'' says Romine. ''But cats should have waists, too, '' The vet says you should be able to feel your pet's ribs (肋骨) through its coat, and when you look down at them, they should have an hourglass (沙漏) shape- just like a person.
''For some overweight pets, you may want to switch to a new food entirely; foods with 'light' or 'healthy weight' labels usually have an increased fiber content to help the dog or cat feel fuller,'' Romine notes. ''Another option is to feed them less of the food they currently eat, '' Freeman suggests. ''Make sure you're reducing table scraps (残羹剩饭) and high-calorie treats like pet biscuits, '' she says.
It's important to figure out what your pet's ideal weight is as you're helping them to lose.Romine advises working with your vet to get the right number, and if you're following the portion guidelines often printed on food labels, feed them the amount of food associated with the weight you want them to be, rather than the weight they currently are .
Food isn't the only factor that can impact your pet's weight. Romine stresses the importance of exercise in keeping your pet healthy. For cats, just 10 minutes of indoor play each day can make a difference. For dogs, letting them out in the backyard to do their business is not enough, You'll have to exercise with your dog to really get it moving.
1. What can we learn about most cats in America from the text?| A．They need to lose weight. | B．They need to be fed more food. |
| C．They need to pack on pounds. | D．They need to be more energetic. |
| A．The food with an decreased fiber. | B．The food from table scraps. |
| C．The food with ''light'' labels. | D．The food with a new label. |
| A．A partner. | B．Protein. |
| C．Pet biscuits. | D．Exercise. |
| A．A biology textbook. | B．A travel brochure. |
| C．A pet magazine. | D．A recipe book. |
【推荐2】An ancient, interdependent relationship that contributes to food systems and ecosystem stability across the globe could be changing.
Many flowering plants can self-pollinate (自花传粉), or transfer pollen between their own blossoms for seed generation and reproduction, but most of these plants have relied on pollinators such as butterflies and bees to reproduce. Now — during declines reported in many pollinator populations — a new study on the evolution of one flower species’ mating system has revealed a remarkable change that could worsen the challenges faced by the plants’ insect partners.
The flowers reproductive evolution may be linked to environmental changes such as habitat destruction and rapid ongoing decreases in pollinator biodiversity, according to Samson Acoca-Pidolle, who led the study published December 19 in the journal New Phytologist.
Comparing seeds of wild field pansies (三色堇) collected decades ago in France with the plants’ modern descendants. Acoca-Pidolle and his colleagues discovered that today’s flowers are smaller and produce less nectar (花蜜) as a result of increased self-pollination, which has direct impacts on pollinator behavior.The pansies of the past self-fertilized less and attracted far more pollinators than those of the present, according to the study.
“It seems that it’s only traits (特性) that are involved in plant-pollinator interaction that are evolving, ” said Acoca-Pidolle. The changes could restrict the plants’ ability to adapt to future environmental changes and have implications for “all of floral biodiversity” — potentially decreasing flowering plants’ genetic, species and ecosystem variation.
“This may increase the pollinator decline and cause a negative feedback cycle,” study coauthor Pierre-Olivier Cheptou told CNN.” If plants produce less nectar, there will be less food available to pollinators, which will in turn accelerate the rate at which the animals’ numbers decrease“, he explained.
“The major message is that we are currently seeing the evolutionary breakdown of plant pollinators in the wild,” said Cheptou, an evolutionary ecologist at the French National Centre for Scientific Research and professor at the University of Montpellier.
1. Which of the following may contribute to the flowers’ reproductive evolution?| A．Changed behaviour of pollinators. | B．Severe pollution to the habitats. |
| C．Continuing decline in pollinator biodiversity. | D．Increased plant-pollinator interaction. |
| A．They self-pollinated less. | B．They had a better mating system. |
| C．They attracted less pollinators. | D．They were fertilized by themselves. |
| A．The flowering plants may have more variations. |
| B．The evolution of wild plant pollinators is collapsing. |
| C．The numbers of the animals will increase more rapidly. |
| D．The plants will adapt to the environmental changes better. |
| A．Pollinator Populations: Declining. | B．Flowering Plants: Selfing. |
| C．Interdependent Relationship: Maintaining. | D．Floral Diversity: Increasing. |
Phrases like “tiger mom” and ‘‘helicopter parent” have made their way into everyday language．Many of us find ourselves drawn to the idea that with just a bit more parental hard work and effort, we might turn out children with bright futures．But is there anything wrong with a kind of “overparenting style”?
Parental involvement has a long history of being studied．Many of the studies, conducted by Diana Baumrind, a famous psychologist at the University of California, Berkeley, have found that a good parent is the one who is involved and reacts to her child in a positive way, who sets high expectations but gives her child independence．These “authoritative parents” appear to hit the sweet spot of parental involvement and generally raise children who do better academically, psychologically and socially than children whose parents are not strict and less involved, or controlling and more involved．Why is this parenting style so successful?
Authoritative parents actually help improve motivation in their children．Carol Dweck, a social psychologist at Stanford University, has done research that indicates why authoritative parents raise more motivated children．In a typical experiment, Dr．Dweck takes young children into a room and asks them to solve a simple puzzle．Most do so with little difficulty．But then Dr．Dweck tells some, but not all, of the kids how clever they are．As it turns out, the children who are not told they’re smart are more motivated to solve increasingly difficult puzzles．They also show higher levels of confidence and show greater progress in puzzle-solving．
As the experiment suggests, praising children’s talents and abilities seems to shake their confidence．Dealing with more difficult puzzles carries the risk of losing one’s status as “smart”．Dr．Dweck’s work strongly supports that of Dr．Baumrind, who also found that reasonably supporting a child’s independence and limiting interference (干涉) causes better academic and emotional results．
The central task of growing up is to develop a sense of self that is independent and confident．If you treat your young child who is just learning to walk as if she can’t walk, you reduce her confidence．Allowing children to make mistakes is one of the greatest challenges of parenting．It is easier when they are young．The potential mistakes carry greater risks, and part of being a parent is reducing risk for our children．
1. According to the passage, a “tiger mom” ______．
| A．helps her children realize their dreams |
| B．speaks her children’s everyday language |
| C．places reasonable expectations on her children |
| D．pays close attention to her children’s experiences |
| A．face more challenges of children |
| B．foster independence in children |
| C．cause more problems in children |
| D．lead to children’s academic success |
| A．a good game plays a big role in training young minds |
| B．overpraising makes children less motivated and confident |
| C．puzzle-solving can give children the motivation they need |
| D．bright children usually show less confidence in difficult games |
| A．children should not be given much freedom |
| B．parents should not increase the risk of challenging |
| C．parents should allow their children to learn from mistakes |
| D．children should correct mistakes with the help of their parents |
【推荐1】Camp All-Star
One of a Kind Summer Camps for Kids
Welcome to Camp All-Star, your No. 1 summer sports camp for kids! Located on the famous Kents Hill School campus by the beautiful lake, Camp All-Star hosts kids from around the world. When thinking about your next overnight summer camp, consider the best—Camp All-Star!
Great Sports Summer Camps for Kids
Camp All-Star stands out among the successful camps in the U.S. We have the best sports fields and courts to make your child’s sports camp experience a successful one. Your child can enjoy playing for hours in any of our more than 30 sports and activities each day. Our camper to staff rate is three to one, which makes it possible for children to receive more careful instruction.
We have a wide variety of activities and sports to choose from: fishing, dance, basketball, soccer, baseball, and tennis. Boys and girls, aged 8-16, can customize their own schedules in our 2, 3, 4 or 6 week summer camp session for kids.
The aim of Camp All-Star is to develop athletic skills, encourage abilities in leadership, fair play and team work, and provide a fun, rewarding and memorable summer sports camp experience. Our staff have the experience and qualified training necessary to ensure that your child has a successful, memorable and enjoyable time at our summer camp.
Call Today About Our Overnight Summer Camps for Kids
Don’t let your kids waste another summer playing video games and sitting around. Let them enjoy their time and get some exercise at our exciting and friendly summer sports camp. Information for our upcoming camps can be found on our website. For additional information or questions, contact us today. We hope your kids can join us at Camp All-Star!
1. Camp All-Star stands out among the others because it ______.| A．is surrounded by a beautiful lake |
| B．provides various activities and sports |
| C．offers timely information on its website |
| D．allows children to play outside all day long |
| A．fire kids’ imagination | B．build up kids’ confidence |
| C．develop kids’ leadership skills | D．promote kids’ self-control |
| A．parents | B．coaches |
| C．staff | D．campers |
【推荐2】People are always looking for lost cities and occasionally one is found: Borobudur in Indonesia, for example. But perhaps some of the places people look for never existed—or did they ? Here are just a few famous mythical(神话里的) cities.
El Dorado
El Dorado is a story that began in 1537, when Spanish explorers found the Muisca people in the mountains of what is now Colombia. They heard the story of a man who covered himself with gold and dived into a lake. Then people began to talk of El Dorado— “the golden man". Soon people started to think of El Dorado as a place, too—a city of gold and amazing riches. Nowadays, the name “El Dorado" is still used to mean "a place where you can get rich quickly”.
Atlantis
There was once an island in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. It was the mythical island of Atlantis. The people of the island were very rich, thanks to the natural resource on the island. For hundreds of years, they lived simple lives. But slowly they began to change. They started to want power. So the gods decided to destroy Atlantis. Suddenly, the island and its people were swallowed (淹没)by the sea and were never seen again.
Shambhala
In Tibetan Buddhist traditions, Shambhala is a mystical country that is hidden somewhere behind the Himalayas. Shambhala is a word from an old language that means “a place of peace” or “a place of happiness”. It is said that there is no war in Shambhala, and in the future, when the world is full of war, a huge army will come out of Shambhala, destroy the world’s bad rulers, and start a new Golden Age. Some people say this will happen in 2424.
1. Nowadays, the name“ El Dorado” means“ ______”.| A．Colombia | B．the golden man |
| C．a place of great wealth | D．a city with mountains |
| A．the gods | B．its people |
| C．its powerful enemies | D．its neighboring country |
| A．The Himalayas will disappear. | B．The world will be full of peace. |
| C．Shambhala will save the world. | D．There will be a war in Shambhala. |
【推荐3】In 1987, a mountain on Mercury (水星) got a name--Li Qingzhao, the name of a Chinese female poet. According to the International Astronomical Union, all new mountains on Mercury must be named after a litterateur (文人) or an artist who was famous for more than fifty years, and dead for more than three years, before the date they are named. Of the total of 310 names, fifteen are named after famous Chinese writers and artists, and Li Qingzhao is one of them, together with Li Bai, Bai Juyi ,Cao Xueqin and Lu Xun.
What did Li Qingzhao do to deserve such an honour? Li is a poet of the Song Dynasty. Compared with other male poets in China, who have left hundreds or even thousands of poems, Li has only eighty-seven, like a drop in a bucket of water However, her talents and artistic creativity as shown in her eighty-seven works have earned her a lasting place in the Chinese literary circle.
Li was born into a scholar-official family in 1084. Like other young women in a rich family, she was well-read and trained in Chinese calligraphy (书法) and musical instrument. Most young women of rich families were taught to follow the "Three Obediences and Four Virtues" at that time, while Li was free in both character building and artistic development.
When it was time for her to start another stage in life--marriage, Li married Zhao Mingcheng. a student at the supreme academy of the imperial court. The couple devoted their spare time to their common interests --literature and the collection of calligraphy and painting.
Unluckily, their happiness didn't last long. The power struggle at the very top of the government destroyed everything. Li first followed her husband to Qing Zhou, and spent the next ten years there. It turned out that the ten years in Qing Zhou was the most productive period for her artistic creativity. Then in 1127, when the North Song Dynasty ended, Li followed her husband to Lin'an. Soon her husband died. And the worst part was that not only did she lose her loved husband but she also lost most of her accumulated (积累的) works.
Later, Li remarried a government official, who turned out to be a total liar and treated her badly. She died in 1155 in loneliness and pain.
1. With the strict rules set by The International Astronomical Union in naming mountains on Mercury,_____________.| A．Li Qingzhao is the only female poet |
| B．310 of them are named after famous Chinese figures |
| C．15 of them are named after well-known Chinese writers and artists |
| D．none but Li Qingzhao, Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Cao Xueqin and Lu Xun are chosen |
| A．Because she wrote eighty-seven poems. |
| B．Because she was like a drop in a bucket of water. |
| C．Because she was a famous female poet in the Song Dynasty. |
| D．Because she had great talents and artistic creativity shown in her poems. |
| A．She grew up in a quite relaxed family. |
| B．She was free to do whatever she wanted to. |
| C．She was forced to follow the "Three Obediences and Four Virtues". |
| D．She showed little interest in Chinese calligraphy and musical instrument. |
| A．Praise from an international union. | B．The family background as a child. |
| C．Change of the dynasties. | D．Her second marriage. |
| A．In time order. | B．By listing facts. |
| C．In space order. | D．By giving examples. |
【推荐1】Many of you have probably had this experience: You get on a train and are ready to take a nap or read a book, only to find that the passenger in front of you is watching a TV show on his cellphone without headphones. The child next to you won't stop crying. And the old lady behind you talks on her phone during the whole trip.
Wish the train could be less noisy? There might be a solution for you. The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, one of China's busiest high-speed rail lines, will have “quiet” carriages starting from Dec 23, Xinhua reported.
In quiet carriages, onboard videos will be muted and announcements will be made at a lower volume. Doors at the ends of the carriage will be kept closed to reduce noise from other carriages, CGTN noted. Train attendants will be responsible for making sure that passengers remain quiet and follow the rules.
Passengers who are willing to obey the rules can choose the quiet carriages when booking their tickets, according to China's national railway operator.
Some people have pointed out that this kind of quiet environment should be offered in all carriages. They say that having quiet carriages might give people the impression that they don't need to be quiet in non-quiet carriages.
While some Internet users are upholding the new service, it has also sparked discussion about just how quiet travelers should be in quiet carriages. Many people have raised questions such as “What if I snore?” and “Can we talk to our travel companions if we need to?”
1. Paragraph 1 is written to show that| A．traveling by train is very common | B．people do all kinds of things on trains |
| C．many people watch TV shows on trains | D．people on trains are sometimes very noisy |
| A．Passengers won't be allowed to watch videos. |
| B．Train attendants won't make any announcements. |
| C．No one will make sure passengers follow the rules. |
| D．The doors at the ends of carriages will stay closed. |
| A．In need of. | B．In support of. | C．In search of. | D．In place of. |
| A．The rules should be made clearer. | B．Most people don't like the service. |
| C．The service is better for solo travelers. | D．It's easy to make trains perfectly quiet. |
Job sharing differs from conventional （常规的） part-time work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment．
Job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people．Job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather, is to provide well-paid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities．
As would be expected, most job sharers are women．A survey carried out in 1988 by Britain's Equal Opportunities Commission showed that 78 per cent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age．Subsequent studies have come up with similar results．Many of these women were re-entering the job market after having had children, but they chose not to seek part-time work because it would have meant lower status．Job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into full-time work after a long absence．
The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional one-position jobs．However, to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position．Moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones．In sum, for a position to be job-shared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals．
1. In what way is work sharing different from job sharing?
| A．Work sharing requires more working hours． |
| B．Work sharing is aimed at creating more jobs． |
| C．Work sharing provides a more satisfactory salary． |
| D．Work sharing depends on the employer's decision． |
| A．they sought higher social status |
| B．they were over ideal working ages |
| C．they had difficulty finding full-time jobs |
| D．they had to take care of both work and family |
| A．enjoy equal social status |
| B．have similar work experience |
| C．keep in touch with each other |
| D．know each other very well |
| A．describe job sharing in general |
| B．discuss how to provide more jobs |
| C．recommend job sharing to women |
| D．compare job sharing with work sharing |
【推荐3】Beijing will provide COVID-19 vaccinations(接种疫苗）for certain groups in nursing homes, including the elderly and caregivers, on a voluntary basis to prevent a renewed outbreak at nursing homes during autumn and winter, the local government said.
Those who will receive the vaccines include nursing home kitchen workers, security guards and cleaners. Beijing Daily reported on Friday.
Xing Yinli ,director of Jingkangyuan, a nursing home in Fengtai district with about 290 elderly residents(居民），said they have received the document(文件）recently and will strictly follow its guidance.
It’s our top duty to strengthen prevention and control.,"Xing said,adding they have been using methods such as keeping detailed records of resident contacts outside the nursing home,and encouraging online visits for family members..
As to vaccinations, she said they will ask for permission from residents,their family members and workers before giving vaccines.
In late October,Shaoxing,Zhejiang province carried out an emergencyCOVTD-19 vaccine program,allowing the public to ask for injections(注射）in advance,with key groups first. A similar program was also organized in Jiaxing,Ningbo and Yiwu in Zhejiang.
Nationwide,emergency use of home grown COVID-19 vaccines was approved in June and launched in late July. China now has four coronavirus candidate vaccines in the third stage clinical trials(临床试验）.
The document from Beijing also said nursing homes should conduct nucleic acid testing(核酸检测） every month among kitchen workers and residents who leave the nursing homes to see a doctor. Tests will cover all people in nursing homes considered at high risk if new infections are reported in the city. Besides, routine disinfections (消毒） should be strengthened in kitchens, storerooms and restrooms, it said. The document also recommended noncontact visits from family members.
1. Where can you probably find this article?| A．In a newspaper. | B．In a fashion magazine. |
| C．In a book review. | D．In a travel journal. |
| A．The nursing home kept detailed records of residents, |
| B．All the members will make preparations for injections. |
| C．The nursing home takes prevention and control seriously. |
| D．Jiaxing is the first city to have carried out an emergency program. |
| A．China is providing vaccinations nationwide. |
| B．China has made great progress in coronavirus vaccines. |
| C．Chain has taken the lead in coronavirus vaccines worldwide. |
| D．The four candidate vaccines have finished clinical trails |
| A．Nursing homes should conduct nucleic acid testing. |
| B．Beijing nursing homes are to be provided vaccines. |
| C．Certain groups will have vaccines first in late June. |
| D．Routine disinfections should be strengthened in kitchens. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Curious. |
| C．Doubtful. | D．Dissatisfied |
