If you've ever had a dog, you know just how deep a connection you can develop with “man's best friend”. But a dog's life is much shorter than humans, about 12 to 15 years long, which means every dog owner has to go through the heartbreaking moment when their loving pet passes away.
Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation. The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs, mostly for US customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005. Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business to UK dog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.
To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died. Meanwhile,another dog is selected to supply an egg. Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that from the skin cell and implant the egg into the womb (子宫) of a female dog. The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months. The whole process takes less than a day, but it comes at a shockingly high price — around £63,000.But if you can't afford it now, you can also save the cell in a laboratory and access it at a later date.
However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one. Just like identical twins of humans, they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them. “The spots on a Dalmatian (斑点狗) clone will be different, for example” Insung Hwang, head of Sooam Biotech, told The Guardian.
Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “cloneable”. Apart from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing and environment, which are both random elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome, Professor Tom Kirkwood at Newcastle University, UK, told The Telegraph.
Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all. Kirkwood, a dog owner himself, pointed out, “An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”
1. What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer?A.Making copies of pet dogs. |
B.Giving pet dogs identical twins |
C.Helping dogs give birth to more puppies. |
D.Helping dog owners love their dogs more. |
a. An egg is taken from another dog.
b. A skin cell is taken from the pet dog.
c. The egg grows into a puppy in two months.
d. The egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.
e. The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.
A.a→d→b→e→c. | B.a→e→b→d→c |
C.b→a→d→e→c. | D.b→a→e→d→c. |
A.It has not been put into practice until recently. |
B.It is very popular among US and UK pet owners. |
C.It might not give the owners an exactly same dog. |
D.It is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete. |
A.He disagrees with it. | B.He supports it. |
C.He is curious about it. | D.He thinks it unbelievable. |
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【推荐1】George Mason University looks like any other big college with its tall buildings, student housing and green lawns (草坪)—except for the robots.
This Northern Virginia university recently set up several dozen meal delivery (递送) robots from Starship Technologies to make it easier for students to get food.
Many colleges across the country have set up delivery robots—including University of the Pacific in Stockton, California, and Northern Arizona University—but George Mason University is the first college in the United States to include robots in its student dining plan. The school is partnering with food service provider Sodexo for the program.
"We were amazed by the volume of orders (订单量) that we had when we turned the service on," Starship Technologies manager Ryan Tuohy says. "But what's really touching is how the students in the university have accepted the robots."
Student Grace Pereira-Plaza says she finds the robots "pretty cute" and at first students were crazy about them - taking pictures, dressing them up for holidays. But they slowly got used to them. “We find it normal now. When we see them go by, it’s like ‘Oh there they are,”" Pereira- Plaza says.
How does it work? Students can place an order through an app for food from any restaurant that is part of the program. The cost is $1.99 per delivery. Then, they wait. The goal: a 30- minute delivery. Students can watch robot as it travels toward them- at 4 miles an hour.
The robot is equipped with nine cameras and sensors to navigate (导航) its surrounds. Humans are still needed to put the food into the robots and they can monitor (监控) them from far away and step in if there are any problems. But these are self-learning machines that can adapt. So, if they see a student start across the road they’ll know what to do, "Mark Kroner, head of the school's food operations, says. " So they are learning and its fun to watch them progress. "
1. What is the purpose of the robots?A.To send food. | B.To cut lawns. |
C.To cook tasty food. | D.To teach cooking courses. |
A.Nervous. | B.Regretful. | C.Disappointed. | D.Surprised. |
A.The orders will be canceled immediately. |
B.It will return using the way it came. |
C.It will signal the customers for help. |
D.The human monitors will help. |
A.Robots Deliver Food to Students |
B.Robots Are Changing with the Times |
C.Robots Are Putting People out of Jobs |
D.Robots Make Colleges More Attractive |
【推荐2】Think “art”. What comes to your mind? Is it Greek or Roman sculptures in the Louvre, or Chinese paintings? Have you ever imagined it’s a dancing pattern of lights?
The artworks by American artist Janet Echelman look like colourful floating clouds when lit up at night. Visitors could not only enjoy looking at them but also interact with them literally — by using their phones to change the colors and patterns. But are they really art?
Whatever your opinion, we cannot deny art has existed for thousands of years and art and technology have always been two separate things.
Today, however, technological advances have led to a combination of art and technology, changing the art world greatly. Now art is more accessible to us. For example, people used to queue six hours but spend limited time admiring the famous 5-metre Chinese painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival. Thanks to technology, however, viewers can leisurely experience a digital version of this painting, where the characters can move and interact with their surroundings.
The art-tech combination is also changing our concepts of “art” and the “artist”. Not only can we interact with art, but take part in its creation. With new technological tools at our fingertips, more people are exploring new art forms, such as digital paintings and videos. However, it has also raised questions over its overall quality. Can a video of someone slicing a tomato really be called “art”?
Similarly, such developments are making the line between art and technology less distinct. Can someone unfamiliar with traditional artists’ tools really call themselves an “artist”? And is the artist the creator of the art itself, or the maker of the technology behind it?
Where technology will take art next is anyone’s guess. But one thing is for sure — with so many artists exploring new possibilities, we can definitely expect the unexpected.
1. How could viewers interact with Janet Echelman’s artworks?A.By talking to her on the phone. | B.By lighting up the artworks. |
C.By touching their phone screens. | D.By coloring the patterns. |
A.Achievements of China’s technology. |
B.The influence of art on technology. |
C.Interaction between viewers and art. |
D.Easier access to art caused by technology. |
A.It lowers the quality of artworks. |
B.It involves common people in innovation. |
C.It shortens the time of painting. |
D.It makes scientists the real creators of art. |
A.Regretful. | B.Objective. |
C.Disapproving. | D.Conservative. |
【推荐3】At the end of 2019,I learned that Here After AI, whose goal is to let the living communicate with the dead, was looking for applicants of its new AI project. Interested in what it was promising, I applied to experiment the software on my very-much-alive parents.
At first, I thought it would be just a fun project to see what was technologically possible. Then their health condition added some urgency to the experiment. I was frightened that my parents might die since my father had been diagnosed with cancer and my mother was recently developing symptoms of early Alzheimer’s disease, and that with the distance between us, I might never have the chance to say goodbye.
The first step was an interview. My parents were asked questions by a techician for hours-about everything from their earliest memories to what they believe will happen after they die. Whether through illness-generated concerns or a willingness to humor their daughter, my parents put up zero resistance. The company then took their responses and started to create the voice assistants. A few months later, my virtual parents arrived via email attachment.
When I communicated with them through the app on my phone, my hands were shaking. I hadn’t seen my actual, real parents for six months. They told me personal stories I’d never heard. They gave me life advice and told me things about their childhoods, as well as my own. It was mesmerizing.
Personally, I have mixed feelings about my experiment. I’m glad to have my virtual parents. They’ve enabled me to learn new things about my parents, and it’s comforting to think that those softwares will be there even when my parents aren’t. On the other hand, I can’t help but find it sad that it took a stranger interviewing my parents for me to properly appreciate the complex people they are. But I feel lucky to have had the chance to grasp that-and to still have the precious opportunity to spend more time with them and learn more about them, face to face, no technology involved.
1. Why did the author initially join the AI project?A.To test out the new technology. |
B.To preserve her parents’ voice. |
C.To learn more about her parents’ life. |
D.To remove the worry about her parents’ health. |
A.They liked talking a lot. |
B.They died from the illnesses. |
C.They opposed joining the project at first. |
D.They provided data for the project. |
A.Alarming. | B.Fascinating. | C.Inspiring. | D.Disgusting. |
A.AI means never saying goodbye to our parents. |
B.The advances in AI technology have pros and cons. |
C.The real connection with our parents matters most. |
D.AI allows us to learn more about our virtual parents. |
【推荐1】Senior high can be a very hard time for students. These tips can help keep high school stress at a minimum before it becomes too hard to handle
Get organized. By becoming more organized, you can reduce your stress level. Make a daily schedule of all your activities. Another way to become more organized is by getting your supplies and desk in order. Arrange your notes and assignments by topic or date so you can easily find information.
Don’t put off. Delaying doing your schoolwork will only make you more stressed. If you get an assignment that is due in a month, and you don’t have any other assignment to finish, go ahead and begin working on it.
Exercise. Performing some sort of physical activity for thirty minutes three times a week will largely lower your stress level. Taking the time to exercise will help get your mind off the stress in your life.
Get plenty of sleep and eat healthily. You need between seven to eight hours of sleep per night in order to rest your mind and body so they can perform well during the day. Eating well-balanced meals will provide you with enough energy to finish your daily activities.
Take a positive attitude. If you are always negative, then stress will control you. By looking at things in a positive light, you will not only reduce your stress, but you will also feel better about yourself.
Realize that it’s okay to say “no”. If you already have a full schedule, don’t attempt to add anything else to it. If your friends want you to go out at the last minute but doing so would conflict with your schedule, don’t feel bad about turning them down. They will understand. They have been stressed before too.
1. According to the tips, your life will be ________ if you study without a proper schedule.A.organized | B.in disorder | C.free | D.busy |
A.The more you sleep, the less stressed you will feel. |
B.A balanced diet will make you energetic. |
C.Regular exercise will help you feel relaxed. |
D.Everything in a mess will increase one’s stress. |
A.Accept the invitation. | B.Say “no”. |
C.Keep silent. | D.Shout out. |
【推荐2】In the age of Amazon and the Internet, the idea of going to a public library to borrow a book may seem ever more unusual and old-fashioned in many parts of the world, but one country, at least, is holding on it tightly:the Czech Republic? There are libraries everywhere you look in the country. There is one library for every 1,971 Czech citizens——four times as many, relative to population, as the average European country, and 10 times as many as the United States, which has one for every 19,583 people.
Why so many Czech libraries? Well, for decades they were mandatory—every community, from a big city down to a tiny village, was required by law to have one. The law was enacted in 1919, soon after Czechoslovakia emerged as an independent country. The library law survived the German occupation and the breakup with Slovakia in the early 1990s. What it couldn't survive was budget pressure. To save money, the requirement was dropped in 2001, when there were about 6,019 libraries in the country;since then, about 11 percent have been combined or closed.
Now, the surviving Czech libraries are doing what they can to stay vibrant (生气勃勃的) and relevant. They serve as local meeting places, They organize reading clubs and art exhibits and offer computer literacy (读写)courses, and they welcome groups of schoolchildren and retirtees during the day. But mostly, they do what 92 percent of Czechs still want them to go on doing: They lend books.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.The rise and fall of Czech libraries. |
B.The difficulties Czech libraries face. |
C.The transformation of library services in Czech. |
D.The amazing number of Czech libraries. |
A.Essential. | B.Available. | C.Compulsory | D.Particular. |
A.The money shortage. | B.The German occupation |
C.The government's policy. | D.The breakup with Slovakia. |
A.admire works of art | B.borrow books |
C.join reading clubs | D.learn computer skills |
【推荐3】Scientists from the National University of Singapore studied how much time twins spent in natural spaces compared with each other and found that they shared a similar level of desire to be in nature.
“The reason we decided to study this in twins is that we could estimate heritability(遗传性)based on the genetic similarities in identical twins(100%)versus genetic similarities in non-identical twins(50%),” said Chia-chen Chang, who led the study. “If a trait(特性), such as the desire to be in nature, is clearly more similar between identical twins than non-identical twins, this will then suggest a trait is heritable.”
Using the TwinsUK registry, researchers surveyed 1,153 pairs of twins—identical and non-identical—about how they experienced nature. They were required to answer questions involving how frequently they visit natural spaces such as public parks and private gardens and rate their familiarity with nature. After comparing and analyzing the collected data, researchers found that identical twins were more similar to each other in their attitudes towards nature.
While previous studies have found that spending time in natural spaces improves mental well-being, this varies from person to person. For the first time, the researchers say, this study has indicated why that is by suggesting there is likely to be a genetic component in our preference for nature and our likelihood to visit natural spaces.
However, heritability declined with age, perhaps showing that environmental factors such as access to nature and green spaces bring about a love of the outdoors as one grows older. That is to say, a person's desire to be in nature and how often they experience it are influenced by both genes and personal experiences. Those who live in urban environments without access to nature could end up having a lesser appreciation of it. Hence, it's necessary that diverse urban planning is needed to provide access to natural spaces-and the benefits they offer—for all.
1. Why were twins chosen as subjects of the study?A.To acquire more accurate results. | B.To confirm the previous studies. |
C.To measure their gene similarity. | D.To identify their specific hobbies. |
A.By analyzing previous data. | B.By referring to online resources. |
C.By asking and answering questions. | D.By doing an experiment in the lab |
A.It takes genes into consideration. | B.It takes advantage of the Internet. |
C.It provides a new insight into the role of nature. | D.It reveals the link between nature and mental health. |
A.One's love for nature is invariable. | B.City planning leaves much to be desired. |
C.It may be a better choice to live in rural areas. | D.Genes are the only factor in shaping one's traits. |