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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.85 引用次数:118 题号:13365829

What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a firiend wants to borrow some money from you. You say “I wish I could help you but I'm short of money myself.” In fact, you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don't want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie?

Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of Southern Califormia has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men. particular when telling a “white lie”, such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they no intention of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.

Research has also been done into the way people's behavior changes in a number of small apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now.” They also tend to touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The up of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure make sit itch.

Another gesture which give liars away is that the writer Desmond Morris in his book Man-watching calls “the mouth cover” He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. Such as gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part of the lair to stop himself or herself from lying.

Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently n this situation. It is not one gesture alone that gives the lair away but whole number of things and in particular the context in which the lie is told.

1. According to the passage, a “white lie” seems to be a lie ________.
A.that other people believe
B.that other people don't believe
C.told in order to avoid offending someone
D.told in order to take advantage of someone
2. According to Professor Jellison, women ________.
A.generally lie far more than men do
B.are better at telling less serious lies than men are
C.lie at parties more often than men do
D.often make promise they don't intend to keep
3. Researchers find when a person tells a lie, ________.
A.he looks very serious
B.his blood pressure increase considerably
C.he uses his unconscious mind
D.there tends to be some small changes in his behavior
4. Which of the following may best betray(出卖)a liar?
A.The touching of the tip of one's noseB.The changes of one's behavior.
C.The circumstances where the lie is toldD.“The mouth cover” gesture.
20-21高二下·上海黄浦·期末 查看更多[2]
【知识点】 社会关系 说明文

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名校

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Concern for Members

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