Pets are popular. They’re good listeners, they encourage us to exercise, and they’re always on our side when we argue with others. They can bring people comfort and pleasure.
But it is important to keep in mind that pets can carry diseases that can make you sick. Washing your hands often — especially after you touch, feed, or clean up a pet — is the best way to keep yourself healthy and prevent the spread of disease. Be sure to clean your fingernails (指甲) carefully every time you wash.
You also can protect your health by wearing gloves while cleaning animal cages or cat litter boxes. Avoid washing your pet in the bathtub (浴缸), but if you do, always disinfect (消毒) the tub immediately afterward.
Be sure to bring your pet to the hospital for examinations every two weeks or month and whenever your pet is sick or injured.
You can do a few other things to keep yourself and your pet healthy. Only give your pet food that has been planned ahead for them. It’s not a good idea to share your food with your pet. Human food (like chocolate) can make animals sick. Never feed your pet raw (生的) meat because it can carry germs (细菌) that cause serious illness.
And funny as it can be to see your dog or cat drinking from the toilet, don’t let pets do this. It’s bad for your pet’s health! Give them clean, fresh water to drink at all times.
Never give milk to cats. The only milk an animal should drink is from its mother. Cow’s milk is not for pets, especially for cats, as it makes them sick.
Finally, some animals aren’t pets. Don’t take in a wild or abandoned (被抛弃的) animal as a pet because it may have diseases that could make you or your family sick. Instead, turn to an animal rescue group that is trained in helping sick or abandoned animals.
1. The first paragraph mainly tells us that pets can ________.A.be great friends | B.bring us pleasure |
C.help us keep healthy | D.do harm to us |
A.the cow | B.the mother cat | C.cow's milk | D.mother cat's milk |
A.Sharing your chocolate with your dog. | B.Letting your dog drink from the toilet. |
C.Feeding your little cat with raw meat. | D.Giving your cat cooked fish. |
A.call an animal rescue group | B.bring it back to your home |
C.give it first aid in time | D.help to find its owner D.help to find its owner |
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【推荐1】Dopamine (多巴胺) is often considered as the source of pleasure. But that’s not quite what it does. Dopamine is what makes us desire things. And it’s that desire that gives us the motivation to get up and do things.
In fact, your brain considers something more important than others mainly depending on how much dopamine it’s expecting to get. If an activity releases a lot of dopamine, you’ll be motivated to repeat it, over and over. So which behavior releases dopamine? Any activity where you expect there’s a possible reward releases it.
And in today’s digital society, we are flooding our brains with unnaturally high amounts of dopamine on a daily basis, even if we don’t know it. Some examples of high dopamine behavior include: visiting social media websites, playing video games, etc.
And you might think, “Oh so what? It’s not like it’s harming me in any way.” But you’d be wrong. Our bodies have a biologically balanced system. Whenever an imbalance occurs, our body adapts to it. Basically, your brain gets used to having high levels of dopamine and those levels become your new normal. Thus, you develop a dopamine tolerance. This can be a huge problem because the things that don’t give you as much dopamine don’t interest you any longer. That’s why people tend to prefer playing video games or surfing the Internet, compared to studying or working on their business.
But it is possible to make doing difficult things feel easier. Separate yourself from the unnaturally high amounts of dopamine, or at least expose yourself to it far less frequently. Only then will normal, everyday, low dopamine activities become exciting again and you’ll be able to do them for longer. That’s why you might want to limit your phone and computer usage, along with other high dopamine-releasing behavior.
We are all dopamine addicts to a certain extent. And that’s a good thing because dopamine motivates us to achieve our goals and improve ourselves. But it’s up to you to decide where you’re going to get your dopamine.
1. When is dopamine released?A.When tough things come into being. | B.When we are encouraged to do things. |
C.When we take pleasure in the behavior. | D.When possible rewards can be obtained. |
A.Dopamine does great harm to our body. | B.It’s difficult for our body to keep the balance. |
C.Video games produce more dopamine than study. | D.Dopamine tolerance keeps us away from social media. |
A.To explain why dopamine is harmful. | B.To introduce the effects of dopamine. |
C.To stress the importance of dopamine. | D.To offer solutions to dopamine tolerance. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Objective. | C.Concerned. | D.Negative. |
【推荐2】You’ve made the decision that you want to travel more this year. You’ve realized that experiences are more important than possessions (财产) and you’ve put together a plan to start saving for your next big trip.
Be open-minded.
Haven’t heard of a place?
You want to travel to a certain destination but flights are really expensive? Don’t let this put you off, unlock your creativity and find a solution. Using the example of Ljubljana again, it’s really expensive to fly direct but flights to Venice are cheap and then there’s a 2-hour shuttle (往返) bus from Venice Ljubljana. Problem solved.
Explore travel websites and blogs.
Seek suggestions from locals.
Locals are often the best sources of information when it comes to discovering hidden destinations. Engage (接触) with locals through conversations, or social media groups related to your destination.
A.Be creative. |
B.Can’t even pronounce a place? |
C.Avoid the common misunderstandings. |
D.Can’t find a way to write your journal? |
E.But how are you going to decide where to actually go? |
F.The Internet is a place full of valuable information when it comes to travel. |
G.Ask for their recommendations that might not be widely known but are worth exploring. |
【推荐3】Science labs are a place of great excitement and learning, but it is important to stay safe and alert at all times.
Know about all safety procedures.
Report all spills (溢出), injuries, or broken equipment to your teacher. Immediately after a spill or breakage occurs, it must be reported to your teacher. Never try to clean up a chemical spill without consulting your teacher first.
Dress for lab work. Do not wear bulky (笨重的) clothing as this will be difficult to manage and may come into contact with a flame or chemicals.
Know where to find safety equipment. Familiarize yourself with the location of any and all safety equipment which may be available, including the fire extinguisher (灭火器), first aid kit, and the eyewash station.
A.There are many dangers in a lab. |
B.Wear proper protective equipment. |
C.Listen carefully to your teacher at all times. |
D.Roll up your sleeves and keep long hair tied back. |
E.Listen to all instructions before beginning any experiments. |
F.If an emergency does occur, you must know the correct way to act. |
G.If you have access to an emergency shower, know where this is located. |
【推荐1】Jackdaws (寒鸦) switch between two sets of flocking (聚集) rules with differing results, new research has found. Flocks flying to winter roosts (居住地) are orderly no matter how many birds they contain; those trying to fight off enemies are initially disorganized when their numbers are small and then suddenly flip to order once enough birds join in.
Swimming bacteria, marching locusts, schooling fish and flocking birds all function as units. This phenomenon can emerge when individual agents following the same rules come together, says Alex Thornton, who studies cognitive evolution at the University of Exeter in England. “We got used to thinking of collective behavior as this almost physical phenomenon,” he says. “So the idea that animals might actually change the rules that they use when their environment and what they’re trying to achieve are different is quite novel and exciting.”
The researchers filmed flocking wild jackdaws in Cornwall, England, with four high-speed cameras, charting individuals’ positions and flying courses. Of the 16 flocks recorded, six were “transit flocks”— jackdaws returning to their roosts on winter evenings. In these groups, regardless of size, each jackdaw adjusted its course based on a fixed number of neighbors and always maintained order.
To initiate “mobbing flocks,” the researchers presented to groups of jackdaws a fake fox holding a fake, flapping bird and played alarm calls that the birds commonly use to warn other birds against enemies. In this context, jackdaws instead navigated by tracking all birds that were within a fixed distance. “With these rules, you have emergence of order from mess,” Thornton says. “Small flocks are disorganized. When the density of the flock reaches a certain level, suddenly there is order — much like how a gas transitions into a liquid.” These transitions have never been observed in birds before, he adds.
“What our work shows is that you cannot ignore the external environment in trying to model collective behavior in biological systems,” says Nicholas Ouellette, a physicist at Stanford University and co-author on the study. Drawing inspiration from jackdaws, he says, engineers could someday use context-dependent responses to build teams of drones that work together for firefighting, surveying and search-and-rescue missions: “It allows you to think about designing systems that are more flexible, that can change the rules to make the behavior more proper.”
1. What does Alex Thornton’s new research find about Jackdaws?A.They vary the rules with which they gather. |
B.They function as units while flying to winter roosts. |
C.They tend to fly apart when meeting with enemies. |
D.They get disorganize to wait for more birds to join in. |
A.They are normally big in size. |
B.They are always in good order. |
C.The members seldom changed their courses. |
D.The members find direction by tracking faraway birds. |
A.mess turns into order |
B.density remains the same |
C.changes often happen slowly but steadily |
D.molecules keep a fixed distance from each other |
A.highlight the flexibility of flocking birds |
B.reveal how context-dependent responses occur |
C.show how the research findings can be applied to different fields |
D.call attention to the importance of the external environment |
【推荐2】Drug development is a risky and costly business. Many possibly effective drugs fail to cut the mustard during the experiments. One reason is that drugs which work on lab animals may not work quite so well in human tests. Being able to pick winners and losers as early as possible would save money, and the One Health Company thinks it may have found a way. It is offering to help medical groups test their cancer drugs on sick pets.
There are several benefits. By treating animals with existing cancers, it hopes to avoid a problem with modern animal research, which is that the “model” animals and diseases that are used to test drugs are not always good stand-ins (替身) for the natural illness. For example, mice used to test cancer drugs may have had their tumours (肿瘤) placed into their bodies, or their immune systems weakened with drugs.
Another plus is that pet owners tend to be great caretakers who are very knowledgeable about their four-legged friends and are likely to report even small changes in behaviors. Lab animals are checked far less often.
Perhaps the most useful aspect of using pets for drug experiments, however, is that there is no law on animals’ medical records. One Health has been able to get 98% of records on animals from hospitals—a number that is impossible for humans. That allows the company to find the right animals for a drug experiment.
Based on the benefits above, the company hopes that pets will prove useful in other diseases in addition to cancers. Horses, for example, seem to be good stand-ins for humans when it comes to arthritis (关节炎). Cats, meanwhile, may prove instructive in breast cancer research.
1. What do the underlined words “cut the mustard” in Paragraph1 probably mean?A.Meet the requirements. | B.Reduce the pain. |
C.Affect the test results. | D.Tell the differences. |
A.It makes sure the animals with natural diseases are used. |
B.It makes sure the model animals are checked regularly. |
C.It makes sure most animals’ medical records are available. |
D.It makes sure the model animals are in healthy condition. |
A.How to help sick pets at a low price. | B.How to improve drug experiments. |
C.How to save the drug business. | D.How to treat some pet diseases. |
A.![]() | B.![]() | C.![]() | D.![]() |
【推荐3】Dogs, and sometimes cats, have long been used as support animals to help humans deal with various physical conditions, but ducks, not so much.
Daniel made international headlines after photos of him accompanying his human on an airplane were posted online. It’s uncommon that you can see a duck on an airplane. So it’s no surprise that he caught people’s eye-both those on the plane and those looking at his photos online. Mark, whose photos got the most attention, says that everyone on the plane was delighted to have such a lovely duck on board, and couldn’t stop taking photos of him.
Daniel is a support animal for his owner, Carla, who is recovering from stress disorder. In 2012, Carla adopted Daniel as a pet, but being involved in a terrible accident a year later, he became her support animal. She was a horse-and-carriage driver, when a car crashed into her carriage from behind, injuring the horse and her.
It took Carla four months to learn how to walk again, but apart from physical pain, she also had to deal with stress disorder. However, Daniel was there for her when she needed him. Carla wouldn’t be able to leave the house after the accident if it weren’t for Daniel. Since the accident, the duck has accompanied her everywhere, mostly on car rides. This time marked his first airplane flight. Carla had a letter from her doctor in which he states that it is in her best interest to have Daniel around as a support animal. She presented it to the flight crew so they allowed the duck on board.
Daniel is apparently smarter than your average bird, too. When he’s at home and he needs his diaper(尿布) changed, he just walks to the changing table. When he’s hungry, he walks to the refrigerator or to his feed bowl. “Some people have dogs. Others have cats. I have a duck,” Carla said “I hope more people can accept that a duck can make a very good, loving and loyal companion and support animal.”
1. Daniel, a support animal, _________.A.brings good luck to his owner |
B.can cure people of their disease |
C.helps the owner out of an accident |
D.also can help people handle physical conditions |
A.they were shocked |
B.they showed great respect to him |
C.they were deeply attracted by him |
D.they refused to stay together with him |
A.She likes taking car rides. |
B.She crashed into a car last year. |
C.She physically and mentally suffered after the accident. |
D.She didn’t expect to have Daniel aboard. |
A.The Special Characters of a Duck |
B.A Famous Emotional Support Duck |
C.An International Animal Star |
D.A Kind Companion for the Disabled |
【推荐1】As the commercialization of 5G accelerates in China, more companies are exploring what smart cities will look like in the 5G times.
US chip giant Intel Corp, for instance, is teaming up with partners such as China Unicom to build a 5G smart park in Nanjing, to offer a peek into the future of such smart cities.
The future smart city must be data-centric (以数据为中心) and intelligently interconnected. So how to better capture, transmit, store and analyze data will be the center of the future. Intel’s advantages can be found in its hardware and software solutions which can meet demands of multiple scenarios (多情景分析). The company will be devoted to opening cooperation, creating an innovative ecology and working with partners to create an intelligent future.
The company’s project, the Future Technological Smart Center in Nanjing, aims to gather a wide range of domestic and foreign partners around artificial intelligence, internet of things, 5G, cloud computing and other technological innovations to explore what future cities will look like. Intel said the Nanjing project is designed to build industry benchmarks, implement excellent solutions, and offer experience for the construction of smart cities and parks in the Yangtze River Delta region and even the entire country.
A Deloitte report said that China has already included the smart city initiative in its national strategy and made significant investments in these projects.
Both first-tier cities and small and medium-sized cities are home to smart city projects. The nation has formed many smart city groups across the eastern and southern coastal areas of China, Deloitte said.
Deloitte senior partner Ma Jionglin said in an earlier interview that China is one of the most active countries in the world in building smart cities. With advances in urban management and the increasing emphasis on the work and lifestyle of people, smart cities will be entering a new stage of development.
1. Why is the US Intel company mentioned?A.To show Intel is a high technical company. |
B.To accelerate 5G commercialization in China. |
C.To offer a peek into the future of such smart cities. |
D.To prove many companies are exploring 5G smart cities. |
A.Through intelligent interconnection. |
B.Through the help of foreign partners. |
C.Through teamwork and innovative ecology. |
D.Through advanced hardware and software technology. |
A.Negative. | B.Positive. | C.Critical. | D.Indifferent. |
A.The construction process of smart cities. |
B.Intel’s exploration to build smart cities in China. |
C.Chinese national strategy and investments on smart cities. |
D.China’s leading role in building 5G technology in the world. |
【推荐2】Portland, Oregon, just got another reason to call itself “Bike City USA”.
UPS has started a trial program to deliver packages there using an electric-powered bicycle. The environmentally friendly Cargo Cruiser is a tricycle with a large brown box on the back. Like any electronic bike, the Cargo Cruiser can be powered by foot, motor, or a combination of both.
UPS began testing e-Bikes in Hamburg, Germany, in 2012, but this is the first time the technology has been used for package deliveries in the United States.
The e-Bikes support UPS’s efforts to reduce its carbon emissions, ease urban noise levels, and improve air quality. The amount of energy to be saved by using e-Bikes hasn’t been quantified, but the test vehicle in Portland “will probably displace about two gallons of fuel every day”, said Scott Phillippi, UPS’s engineering manager.
Phillippi says that one e-Bike alone won't create a huge difference in UPS’s carbon emissions, but he describes it as “a piece of our overall strategy” as far as environmental impacts and efficiencies.
It also ties into the company’s broader strategy to settle a problem that troubles Portland and other cities around the world: traffic jam. According to UPS, traffic jam costs it hundreds of millions of dollars a year in additional operating costs. The time when the average UPS delivery truck is stuck in traffic is about 16 minutes a day, slowing its deliveries and increasing the company's carbon emissions.
The pilot program is in its early stages and already has hit its first stage: ice storms pulled trees and branches down all over the city, blocking bike lanes and making travel dangerous. How do e-Bikes deal with it?
If the trial proves successful, you may be able to see UPS delivery people wearing bike shorts in other places around the country, “Other cities have expressed some interest,” Phillippi said.
1. What is typical of the e-Bikes in Portland?A.Making less noise. | B.Delivering packages. |
C.Carrying a box on the back. | D.Producing power by foot. |
A.It is powered by foot or motor. |
B.It's easily stuck in the traffic jam. |
C.Obstacles on the lane may hold back the e-Bikes. |
D.The amount of energy to be saved hasn’t been quantified. |
A.A solution to traffic jam. |
B.A pilot program in the USA. |
C.The e-Bikes springing around the world. |
D.The e-Bikes test for deliveries in Portland. |
A.To entertain. | B.To advertise. |
C.To inform. | D.To persuade. |
【推荐3】This year marks the 81st publication anniversary of Ernest Hemingway’s Spanish Civil War epic, For Whom the Bell Tolls. The novel, which drew on the author’s own experiences as a reporter for the North American Newspaper Alliance during the war, was a huge critical and commercial triumph for Hemingway, selling half a million copies in its first few months.
For Whom the Bell Tolls was also a finalist for the 1941 Pulitzer Prize, allegedly chosen as the winner by both the jury and the board, before being vetoed(否决)by Columbia president(and ex-official chairman of the board)Nicholas Murray Butler because he found the book offensive.
In 1943, less than two years after the book was first published, Paramount Pictures released a wildly successful movie adaptation of the book staring Gary Cooper and Ingrid Bergman, both of whom somewhat incredibly, were handpicked for their roles by Hemingway himself.
Let’s look back at one of the earliest reviews of “the first major novel of WWII”:
All that need be said here about the new Hemingway novel can be said in relatively few words. For Whom the Bell Tolls is a tremendous piece of work. It is the most moving document to date on the Spanish Civil War, and the first major novel of the Second World War.
As a story, it is superb, packed with the matter of picaresque(传奇式流浪冒险的)romance: blood, lust, adventure, vulgarity, comedy, tragedy. For Robert Jordan, the young American from Montana, the lust and adventure are quickly drowned in blood. The comedy, as in other Hemingway fiction, is practically indistinguishable from the vulgarity, which in this case is a rich and indigenous peasant brand. The tragedy is present and only too plain...
1. What do we know about For Whom the Bell Tolls?A.It won the 1941 Pulitzer Prize finally. |
B.It was related to its author’s personal experiences. |
C.Its film adaption was not well received at first. |
D.It was published before the outbreak of WWII. |
A.Trained. | B.Criticized. | C.Praised. | D.Chosen. |
A.The heroic spirit presented by Robert Jordan. |
B.The evaluation of the Spanish Civil War. |
C.The literature value displayed in the novel. |
D.The civilians’ eagerness for love and peace |