The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the shore hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we stay here.
Tibetan antelopes live mainly on the plains of Tibet. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty. I'm also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted illegally for their valuable fur.
My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a safe place for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We're not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we're trying to save ourselves.”
In the 1980s and 1990s the population of Tibetan antelopes dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make money. Their living places were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save Tibetan antelopes, the Chinese government placed them under national protection. Zhaxi and volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection program since the threat to the Tibetan antelope has not yet disappeared. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
1. What can we learn from Zhaxi's words in paragraph 3?A.Protecting the animals can make money. | B.Protecting the animals is protecting ourselves. |
C.He is not fond of protecting the animals. | D.The reserve is only safe for wild animals. |
A.Why hunters hunt Tibetan antelopes. | B.Why antelopes' living places changed. |
C.Why antelopes' number dropped greatly. | D.Why the 1980s and the 1990s are unusual. |
A.Deleted. | B.Changed. | C.Migrated. | D.Recognized. |
A.They will be over-populated. |
B.They will be a threat to man and other wildlife. |
C.They will be on the endangered species list again. |
D.They will be in harmony with nature and humans. |
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【推荐1】Sharks have been swimming in the ocean for millions of years. They were on Earth even before dinosaurs! At the top of the world’s ocean’s food chain, sharks help keep the population of other ocean animals in balance. A large drop in the number of sharks can cause serious problems for all ocean animals. Saving sharks makes sense!
Many people are afraid of sharks. But most sharks are harmless. Only a small percentage of sharks are known to attack humans. They adapt well to new habitats and eat whatever is available. However, today, sharks are in trouble. Nearly one third of the 400 shark species are in danger of extinction, largely due to over-fishing. Each year, tens of millions of sharks are caught and killed just for their fins. The fins are used to make shark fin soup.
Humane Society International(HSI) joined with the Jane Goodall Institute’s Roots and Shoots program and Beijing Zoo to protect sharks. An exhibit at the zoo, “The Price Behind the Taste — Protect Sharks. Don’t Eat Shark Fins”, was designed to tell people that shark finning is cruel and unnecessary. It’s hoped that the activity will help put an end to the practice.
Shark fin soup is also eaten in the United States. In fact, the numbers of some shark species in US waters have dropped 90 percent in the last 30 years. To slow the fall, laws against the sale of shark fins have been passed in several states, including Hawaii, Oregon, Washington, and California.
1. What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?A.Ocean animals are at the top of the food chain. |
B.Sharks play an important role in the ocean. |
C.Sharks are an old species in the ocean. |
D.Sharks are being caught and killed. |
A.they often attack humans |
B.their food is being polluted |
C.they are being caught for food |
D.their habitat is being destroyed |
A.shark finning |
B.shark protection |
C.the program of HIS |
D.the exhibit at Beijing Zoo |
A.There are 400 shark species in the United States. |
B.It’s illegal to eat shark fin soup in the United States. |
C.Most sharks are not interested in a human for dinner. |
D.Sharks are very particular about their habitats and food. |
【推荐2】I have seen how having an animal in your life can make things much better for all concerned. Here are some reasons.
A pet’s love never stops.
Caring for something other than yourself is emotionally healthy.
Giving and getting a little love, even if you have to say “sit down” 270 times a day, can take your mind off your troubles and help you to see what really matters.
If you have a dog, you need to take it (and yourself) on walks. Dogs are happiest when they are walking. And it’s common knowledge that taking regular walks is also good for your heart and brain health.
Just the act of petting a creature lowers your blood pressure and helps you relax.
The next time you are feeling uncomfortable, I suggest going to your local shelter and giving some love to an animal there.
Saving a life will make yours better.
Maybe you think you don’t have enough room in your heart.
You may already have a family to love, and that is totally wonderful.
A.You won’t have to take it home |
B.Some people want lovely pets |
C.Having a pet is also physically healthy |
D.If you want more love in your life, consider a pet |
E.Taking your dog for a walk can make your dog happy |
F.Some people prefer their new puppy to be from a pet store |
G.No matter what, your pet will always love you and remember you |
【推荐3】As any cat owner will tell you, talking to your cat is totally normal. And even though feline(猫) friends may seem distant to these adoring talks, a new study in Animal Cognition suggests they are really listening.
Researchers in France exposed house cats to recordings of their owner or a stranger saying phrases in cat-or human-directed speech. Like baby talk, cat-directed speech is typically higher pitched with short, repetitive phrases. The team found that felines tended to react to their owner speaking in cat-directed speech—but not to their owner speaking in adult tones or to a stranger using either adult-or cat-directed speech.
Previous research had shown similar findings in dogs, but much less is known when it comes to cats. “Some people still consider cats independent—you cannot have a real relationship with cats,” says lead study author Charlotte Mouzon, a cat behaviorist at the University of Paris Nanterre. Some people might be embarrassed about using special vocalizations for cats, she says, but this research shows “people shouldn’t be ashamed.”
Mouzon and her team recorded 16 cat owners saying such as “Do you want to play?” or “Do you want a treat?” in cat-and human-directed speech. Then they filmed each cat before, during and after playing it a series of recordings of its owner and other owners’ speech. The researchers used software to rate the cats’ reactions from multiple dimensions, making the result more convincing.
“Although cats have a reputation for ignoring their owners, a growing body of research indicates that cats pay close attention to humans,” says Kristyn Vitale, a cat behavior scientist at Unity College in Maine, who was not involved in the study. “Cats can learn that specific speech has certain meanings.” But she notes the study is too small and that future work is needed to expand the research to other cat populations.
1. According to paragraph 2, what do house cats respond obviously to?A.The owner’s cat-directed tone. | B.A stranger’s human-directed talks. |
C.A stranger’s cat-directed recordings. | D.The owner’s human-directed speech. |
A.Strategies. | B.Trainings. | C.Sounds. | D.Rhymes. |
A.Continuous filming of cats’ responses. | B.Comprehensive analyses backed by software. |
C.Multi-dimensional evaluations of cats’ habits. | D.Further reference to previous studies on dogs. |
A.Lack of sample types. | B.Absence of owners’ support. |
C.Absence of scientific tools. | D.Lack of experts’ involvement. |
【推荐1】On Thursday, scientists in Indonesia announced the discovery of a rare frog that has no lungs and takes breath through its skin. Researchers believe that the little animal could provide some information about how environment can cause some animals to change so greatly over time.
The frog was found in a faraway part of Indonesia during a scientific research last summer. The unusual animal is the world’s first know lungless frog species. Only a few amphibians have been found lungless.
David Bickford is a biologist at the National University of Singapore. He led the research team that discovered the rare frog. Its living environment has been polluted by chemicals from agriculture. “These are about the most ancient and bizarre frog you can get on the earth,” he says.
Bickford says it’s possible that the frog may have changed in order to adapt to the cold, fast moving and oxygen-rich rivers in which it lives. The biologist adds that his “extreme change” was probably necessary to reduce the frog’s ability to float. That way, it could keep itself from being swept down the mountain rivers.
Scientists say that the new discovery has made it more important to protect the frog’s river living environment. In the last few years, illegal tree cutting and gold mining have caused the once-clean waters to turn brown with pollution.
“The gold mining is completely illegal and small size,” Bickford says. “But when there are thousand of them on the river, it really has a huge effect. Very soon the frog will be out of the river.”
1. The frog is unusual because .A.it has no lungs at all |
B.it doesn’t use its lungs to take breath |
C.it’s the world’s first lungless species |
D.it can take breath either through its lungs or its skin |
A.Cheap. | B.Expensive. |
C.Unusual. | D.Ordinary. |
A.Illegal tree cutting. | B.Its living conditions. |
C.The gold mining. | D.Changes of the climate. |
A.The frog will have to live on land. |
B.The frog must develop its ability to float. |
C.Industrial waste is the main cause of water pollution. |
D.It’s high time to protect the frog’s living environment. |
【推荐2】We are what we eat, and what we eat reveals something about what we are in return. So it shouldn’t be all that surprising that humans are now apparently eating plastic.
A small trial at the Medical University of Vienna found tiny pieces of it in the digestive systems of people from eight different countries. The study involved just eight people and doesn’t tell us what if any effect eating plastic was having on their bodies. We already knew fish were eating plastic. Did we really think it wouldn’t reach back up to the top of the food chain, that the consequences of our own actions couldn’t return to us?
This goes beyond cleaning up the oceans. Six of the eight subjects of the study ate sea not all of them did. Other possible theories involve drinking out of plastic bottle. eating food that’s been wrapped in plastic, or tiny plastic pieces floating in the air which then land on our food. But our environment is so filled now with plastic that it seems that we were going to absorb it somehow.
Does it actually matter? This study can’t answer that question, because all it tells us is that microplastics were found in human wastes. If it’s just passing through the body, then perhaps there’s no damage done. However, if there were evidence of plastics being absorbed and gathering in our internal organs, as some animal studies have suggested, that would potentially be a red flag.
Solving plastic pollution is nowhere near as simple as some campaigners make it sound. Switching away from plastic packaging to other materials would create other environmental dilemmas. Bottling liquids in glass rather than plastic makes them heavier which potentially means more trips to transport them, paper production has a bigger carbon footprint. Even if it were possible to stop using the stuff tomorrow, it would take up to 1,000 years for some of what’s being produced right now to break down.
But just because it’s difficult, it doesn’t mean we shrug our shoulders and do nothing. There is something genuinely mad about a society that is on the one hand crazy about the quality of the food we put in our mouths, and yet also mindlessly eats its own garbage. The war on plastic, it seems, just got personal.
1. What does the study show?A.Food chain is damaged by plastic. |
B.Eating plastic affects human greatly. |
C.Plastic is discovered in human bodies. |
D.Sea fish are the victim of plastic pollution. |
A.A final result. | B.A warning sign. |
C.An expected finding. | D.A similar situation. |
A.It’s impossible to stop using plastic. |
B.It’s challenging to deal with plastic issue. |
C.It’s urgent to choose different wrappings. |
D.It takes time to improve the environment. |
A.Plastic should be replaced by other materials. |
B.The damage towards food chain is long lasting. |
C.The effect of plastic pollution isn’t fully recognized |
D.The causes of environmental issues are complicated |
【推荐3】In an effort to create more environmentally friendly vacations, Norwegian cruise operator (挪威邮轮公司) Hurtigruten is making a plan to power its ships using dead fish. This doesn’t mean that Norwegian cruise liners will be doubling as fishing ships; the dead fish will come from Norway’s good fishing industry, not as any sort of by-product of the cruise industry. But it s a plan that promises to make use of the leftovers and offcuts of the fishing industry to make shipping less wasteful.
So how do dead fish get transformed into fuel? Organic waste of any kind can be mixed to produce a type of fuel known as biogas (沼气). If it sounds smelly, well…it is, and not just because of the dead fish. Biogas can also have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide, a chemical compound, which can give it a bad egg smell. It’s not a particularly attractive process, but don’ t worry: those smells won’t be given off from your cruise ship’s exhaust. The raw materials in the biogas can be cleaned, which creates liquid biogas.
What others see as a problem, we see as a resource and a solution, said Daniel Skjeldam Hurtigruten chief executive. “By introducing biogas as fuel for cruise ships, Hurtigruten will be the first cruise company to power ships with fossil-free (无化石的) fuel”
Biogas is certainly cleaner than heavy oil, but it’s not exactly carbon-free. So while the plan might be a creative way of making use of organic waste, as well as helping to get rid of fossil fuels, it’s not a perfect solution. However, it’s at least a step in a better direction. And the company will also be stopping single-use plastics on its 17 cruise ships. It’s good to see change happening in a dirty industry.
1. What kind of dead fish will be used in the plan?A.Those from tourists. |
B.Those from restaurants. |
C.Those from the cruise industry. |
D.Those from the fishing industry. |
A.Biogas is smellier than heavy oil. |
B.The making of biogas isn’t cost-saving |
C.Biogas burning produces chemicals containing carbon. |
D.The raw materials are not enough to cover the needs. |
A.It is all talk. |
B.It will be of some help. |
C.It is daring. |
D.It will cause a debate. |
A.Dead fish will soon make power |
B.Norway’s fishing industry meets a challenge |
C.Smelly biogas has caused new problems |
D.Hurtigruten points out the world resource issue |
【推荐1】The climate change is already eating into the output of the world's agricultural systems, with productivity much lower than it would have been if humans hadn't rapidly heated the planet, new research has found.
Advances in technology, fertilizer (化肥)use and global trade have allowed food production to keep pace with an increasing global population since the 1960s. But rising temperatures in this time have acted as a handbrake (手刹) to farming productivity of crops, according to the new research, published in Nature Climate Change. Productivity has actually slumped by 21% since 1961, compared to if the world hadn't been affected by global heating.
With the global population set to rise to more than 9 billion by 205, the UN'S Food and Agriculture Organization has estimated that food production will have to increase by about 70%,with annual crop production increasing by almost 1 billion tons and meat production by more than 200m tons a year by this point. Meanwhile, global temperatures are rising at a rate that scientists warn is extremely dangerous for human civilization.
“The impact already is larger than I thought it would be,” said Ariel Ortiz- Bobea, an economist at Cornell University who led the research. “It was a big surprise to me. The worry I have is that research and development in agriculture takes decades to translate into higher productivity. The projected temperature increase is so fast that I don't know if we are going to keep pace with that.”
Weston Anderson, a researcher of food security (安全) and climate at Columbia University who didn't take part in the study, said the new research provides fresh insight into the importance of the impact upon agriculture.
“The regions that this paper highlights as experiencing the largest reductions in agricultural productivity-Central America and the Sahel - contain some of the least food secure countries in the world, which is a real concern,” he said.
1. What does the underlined word “slumped” in paragraph 2 mean?A.Fallen. | B.Gathered. | C.Approached. | D.Benefited. |
A.Fertilizer is used in food production. |
B.Population will rise to over 9 billion. |
C.Global temperatures are rising too fast. |
D.Agricultural research needs many years. |
A.He puts forward a different solution. |
B.He proposes carrying on with the research. |
C.He pays more attention to food insecure regions. |
D.He supports improving agricultural productivity. |
A.The Impact of Growth in Farm Productivity |
B.Productivity in Agriculture is Growing |
C.Causes and Effects of Global Heating |
D.Rapid Global Heating is Hurting Farm Productivity |
【推荐2】With the arrival of winter, the world is covered in a sheet of shining snow, and it brings an invitation to take part in exciting snow sports. Beyond the great wonderland and the great joy of sliding down hills, attending winter sports offers many physical, mental, and social benefits.
Taking part in winter snow sports is an excellent way to stay physically active during the colder months. Whether you’re skiing down a mountainside, or skiing along peaceful paths, these activities provide a full-body workout. Downhill skiing, for example, is known as a way to burn a lot of calories, making it an effective cardiovascular (心血管的) exercise. The combination of cardiovascular fitness and strength training can help keep a healthy weight, improve cardiovascular health, and keep overall physical health.
The connection between outdoor activities and mental health is well-established, and winter sports are no exception. The fresh mountain air, the amazing snowy hills, and the excitement of rushing down the hill all help to improve the feelings. Snow sports also get you in natural sunlight, which helps increase vitamin D levels.
Winter sports offer more than just personal physical and mental benefits—they create chances for social interaction (交流) and community building. Whether you’re hitting the hills with friends, joining a ski club, or taking a family snowboarding trip, these activities form a sense of friendship. Shared experiences on the mountain create lasting memories and strengthen social ties, developing a sense of belonging and connection.
The benefits of winter snow sports spread far beyond the excitement of downhill drops. Winter activities not only keep you physically fit but also benefit your mental well-being and provide chances for social communication.
Winter wonderland is waiting for you, promising a season full of joy, health, and unforgettable experiences. So, when the snow arrives, consider putting on your skis and enjoying the benefits winter sports bring to your body and mind.
1. What is the benefit of downhill skiing?A.Keeping fit. | B.Reducing stress. |
C.Improving athletic ability. | D.Building friendships. |
A.Attending winter sports has lots of fun. | B.Social interaction is very important. |
C.Winter sports are good for relationships. | D.Outdoor activities improve mental health. |
A.To give advice on winter sports. | B.To teach methods of doing winter sports. |
C.To encourage people to join in winter sports. | D.To introduce different kinds of winter sports. |
A.The Beauty of Winter Snow Field | B.Pleasure Created by High Speed |
C.Winter Snow Sports and Mental Health | D.The Benefits of Winter Snow Sports |
【推荐3】The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing--Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn,but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service,which doesn't have any physical product at all.What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate(复杂的)and finely detailed web of its users' friendships and social lives.
Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities,but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through. Even without knowing what was in the messages,the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be.What political journalist,what party whip,would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May's enemies are currently plotting?It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns,but the records of which customers have purchased what.
Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace,to be replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper conceptual problem,too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don't pay for them.The users of their services are not their customers.That would be the people who buy advertising from them---and Facebook and Google,the two virtual giants,dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.
The product they're selling is data,and we,the users,convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids(蚜虫)for the honeydew they produce when they feed,so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield. Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed;Gmail keeps the spammers(垃圾邮件发送者)out of our inboxes. It doesn't feel like a human or democratic relationship,even if both sides benefit.
1. According to Paragraph 1,Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its________ .A.digital products | B.user information |
C.physical assets | D.quality service |
A.should serve the new market powers | B.may worsen the economic imbalance |
C.should not provide just one legal solution | D.cannot keep pace with the changing market |
A.they are not defined as customers |
B.they are not financially reliable |
C.the services are generally digital |
D.the services are paid for by advertisers |
A.a win-win business model between digital giants |
B.a typical competition pattern among digital giants |
C.the benefits provided for digital giants' customers |
D.the relationship between digital giants and their users |