Oceans hold a lot of mystery, even for people who study them. But it’s no mystery why they’re in trouble. We’ve been using them to hide our waste, such as pouring oil, plastic, and poisonous chemicals into them for decades. We’ve over exploited (剥削) many fish stocks to levels so low that they can no longer be harvested.
Oceans are also a primary source of protein for millions of people worldwide. If we want to continue to enjoy what oceans provide, we need to do everything we can to protect them and the life they support. We should ensure the seafood we eat is sustainable.
Of course, not everyone is lucky enough to be able to catch their own fish, which means having sustainable options at the store is critical. As public and companies awareness about the risks caused by overfishing and uncontrolled sea farming expansion has grown, food tradesmen in Canada have developed sustainable seafood policies and commitments.
Seafood Progress, an online resource, is designed to help provide rewards to tradesmen and information to seafood lovers. It makes it easier for consumers in Canada to find out tradesmen’s policies on sourcing sustainable seafood, whether they’re sticking to those policies and how they’re performing compared to their peers.
But tradesmen must do more to ensure their seafood products are environmentally sustainable and socially responsible. This means expanding the scope of their commitments to cover all seafood products they sell, in all their stores. It also requires continuing to work with suppliers and producers to improve practices and make sure the sustainable seafood supply meets consumer demand.
It’s no mystery that if we want to continue to eat fish, we must do it responsibly. Seafood Progress has invited seafood tradesmen, suppliers and consumers to join in pushing to this goal.
1. What’s the cause of oceans’ being in trouble according to paragraph 1?| A．The ever-changing of the global climate. |
| B．The mystery that people haven’t studied. |
| C．The over exploitation and use of the oceans. |
| D．The continuous decrease of fish stocks. |
| A．Provide rewards to them. |
| B．Urge them to stick to policies. |
| C．Provide them with enough seafood. |
| D．Let them know about tradesmen’s policies. |
| A．Millions of people rely on oceans for protein. |
| B．People fail to note the consequence of overfishing. |
| C．Seafood Progress helps American customers to be informed about tradesmen’s policies. |
| D．Tradesmen can sell seafood products without limit. |
| A．Through expanding seafood production. |
| B．By protecting all the tradesmen’s profit. |
| C．By making policies to control seafood consumers. |
| D．By joint efforts of people involved in seafood. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】We all know it isn't healthy to stay up late but many people still cannot get enough sleep, especially the young. Over 60 percent of Chinese youths aged 6 to 17 sleep less than eight hours a day, according to a report showed by the Chinese Sleep Research Society (CSRS) on March 17. Among 13- to 17-year-olds, the figure is more than 81 percent.
The study covered nearly 70,000 children and tens aged 6 to 17 across the Chinese mainland，Hong Kong，Macao and Taiwan. According to the study，too much homework is a major cause for a lack of sleep among young people. Another major cause is the frequent use of electronic devices(设备)，such as phones.
Primary school student Li Li said she goes to bed each day around midnight after finishing her homework and playing mobile games for a few hours.
Lack (缺乏)of sleep among children and teenagers has raised concern. “It can lead to weakened immunity(免疫力) ，and memory，and can also influence physical growth, ”Wang Zan, a member of the CSRS, told People’s Daily.
To reduce students’ homework, the Ministry of Education suggested that junior high students should spend no more than 90 minutes on homework and senior high students must do their homework in a proper time limit.
1. ______ of 13-to 17-year-olds could sleep less than eight hours a day.| A．Over 6 percent | B．Over 60 percent |
| C．Over 81 percent | D．Over 90 percent |
| A．serious sleeping problems | B．a great deal of housework |
| C．too many after-school activities | D．much use of electronic devices |
| A．Growth problems. | B．Poor memory. |
| C．Impolite behavior. | D．Weak immunity. |
| A．Needed: More Time in Bed! | B．Say Goodbye to Mobile Game! |
| C．Keep Away from Your TV! | D．Needed: Fewer Morning Classes! |
【推荐2】To control the nation’s growing problem with food wastage, the South Korean government has started a special initiative (倡议) ---“Pay as You Trash”. According to the initiative, the South Korean government has three methods in place to charge citizens for the food thrown away. One is through an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) card — when users tap this card over a specially designed food waste bin, the lid will open. This waste is automatically weighed and recorded in the user’s account. The user needs to settle this bill every month.
The second billing method is through pre-paid garbage bags. These specially designed bags are priced based on the amount of space. For instance, in Seoul, a 10-liter garbage bag costs around 190 won (less than $1). There’s also a bar code management system in place, in which residents (居民) throw food waste directly into dustbins and pay for it by buying bar code stickers attached to the bin.
Even before the pay-by-weight system was introduced, South Koreans were still being charged for food waste — the cost was simply divided equally among the residents of each apartment block. The new system is not only fair, but is also designed to make consumers really feel the pinch of too much waste. The more food they throw out, the more they end up paying.
Thanks to the initiative, residents like Seoul housewife Ms. Kwan are now adopting creative methods to avoid food waste. She makes sure to pour all the liquid out of leftover food before throwing it away. While preparing vegetables, she tries to use as much as the eatable parts as possible in order to reduce waste.
1. Why does the South Korean government decide to launch the initiative?| A．Food waste is worsening the environment. |
| B．More and more food wastes are produced. |
| C．People are complaining about food waste. |
| D．People have little knowledge of saving food. |
| A．didn’t pay for their food waste |
| B．paid for their food waste by weight |
| C．had to pay for their food garbage bags |
| D．paid for food waste equally in their blocks |
| A．joy | B．amount |
| C．pain | D．cause |
| A．is working effectively | B．was thought to be unfair at first |
| C．has a quite high running cost | D．is being performed all over the country |
【推荐3】“Why is he writing that way?” a girl asked her dad Daniel Funke, pointing to a picture of a football player. The photo showed the man writing his name with his pen turned upside down.
Of course, the photo was not the original one. It had been changed to look like him using the pen the wrong way. Funke quickly pointed out the mistake, and his daughter got an on-the-spot education in false information. By then, however, many people had already shared it on social media.
“The results of sharing false information can be very serious,” says Laeeq Khan, who heads the Social Media Analytics Lab at Ohio University in Athens. Sharing something that’s not true can cost people their lives, he says. Last year, people in India used a messaging app, WhatsApp, to spread false stories about a crime. The lies caused serious attacks in which people died. False information stories hurt people in other ways, too. For example, false reports lead some parents to refuse vaccines (疫苗) for their children. Yet without vaccines, children can get serious diseases or even die.
“About seven in ten Americans are telling us that false information has a big influence on the confidence in our government,” says Jeffrey Gottfried. He’s a news and media-research expert at Pew Research Center in Washington, D. C. Researchers there did a survey (调查) in the United States about the influence of made-up news. About half the people in the survey said they had shared false information online. Most of them said they didn’t realize it at the time.
Besides causing serious results, sharing a false story makes it harder for people to tell what’s real. And when people find out a story is not real, they may not trust other information from a person who spread it. Therefore, it’s of great significance to do fact-checking before sharing news stories. Only when we are more cautious (谨慎) about sharing news can we avoid being hurt.
1. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?| A．Many people believed the photo. |
| B．The football player wrote with his pen turned upside down. |
| C．Funke was not sure whether the picture is true. |
| D．The girl found the trick of the photo when she saw it. |
| A．By making comparisons. | B．By using numbers. |
| C．By giving examples. | D．By sharing reasons. |
| A．False reports lead some parents to refuse vaccines for their children. |
| B．Made-up news spread faster than expected. |
| C．70% Americans doubt whether false news has a big influence on the confidence in the government. |
| D．Many Americans shared false information without knowing it. |
| A．Supporting. | B．Doubtful. | C．Worried. | D．Cautious. |
【推荐1】If the words “starting at a new school” make you feel sick or upset, you’d be pretty normal. Well, it most likely won’t be easy. There are a few things you can do to make yourself feel better.
It probably won’t be amazing straight away.
It’s normal to feel strange and different in a new place, and to miss your old friends. Try to be patient, good things take time.
It helps to keep doing the things you like to do.
Whether it’s playing music, sports, writing, drawing or anything else, keep it up. They will help you feel good and they might help you meet new people too. If there are clubs for what you like to do (bands, drama, sports, etc.) for them.
Talking to new people is hard but worth it.
Talk to anyone that looks friendly but don’t be upset if you don’t become friends instantly. Friends takes time.
Your old friends will still be there.
Just because you are not seeing them every day doesn’t mean you can’t stay close. To them on the phone all over the internet and make time for regular face to face catch -ups too.
You can reach out if it gets too much.
If all the changes are getting to you find someone to talk to, they could be a friend from your old school, a family member, a teacher or a doctor.
1. How do people usually feel at a new school?| A．Uncomfortable. | B．Angry. | C．Proud. | D．Excited. |
| A．Keep silent. | B．Make new friends. |
| C．Write to a stranger. | D．Forget your old friends. |
| A．How to get along well with your new classmates. |
| B．How to talk with someone around the school. |
| C．Five things to do when starting at a new school. |
| D．Go on doing whatever you like at school. |
【推荐2】People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.”
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
1. The discovery shows that Westerners ______.| A．consider facial expressions universally reliable |
| B．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth |
| C．observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways |
| D．have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions |
| A．To make a face at each other. | B．To get their faces impressive. |
| C．To observe the researchers’ faces. | D．To classify some face pictures. |
| A．examine the eyes more attentively |
| B．study the mouth more frequently |
| C．do translation more successfully |
| D．read facial expressions more correctly |
| A．The Eye as the Window to the Soul |
| B．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills |
| C．Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions |
| D．How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding |
【推荐3】There are three different kinds of friends in our life. I classify (分类) them according to how well I know them and how well they know me.
The first type of friend is just an acquaintance (熟人). This means that you only know their names. You might not even remember what they look like if you go away for a short vacation. You don't miss them when they are elsewhere. It is also this type of friend who gives you the most amount of aggravation(恼怒). Since most of the time you are placed in a position where you have to act friendly. You would not normally tell an acquaintance when he or she is doing something that makes you feel angry, such as tapping the fingers on a table or shouting loudly. I call them "pest friends".
The second kind of friend is a "guest friend". They are just social partners. You meet them at a certain location and at the end of the meeting you go your separate way and they go theirs. You don't talk too often with this sort of friend, and you don't share each other's secrets.
Lastly, we have "best friends". This sort of friend is there when you need them. They know you as a person and they are there through thick and thin. Best friends are the ones that you can lean and depend on no matter what happens. If you need a listening ear, they will be the one to lend support.
Friends come in all different shapes and sizes. Every friend has an impact on our life.
1. What is this passage mainly about?| A．What a true friend is like. | B．Three kinds of friends in our life. |
| C．The role that friends play in our life. | D．Why there are different kinds of friends. |
| A．can tell him/her about it directly |
| B．should stay away from him/her |
| C．should advise him/her to correct his/her behavior |
| D．may find it hard to tell him/her not to do so |
| A．They are only social partners. |
| B．You don't talk very often with them. |
| C．You don't share your secrets with them |
| D．They are called "pest friends" by the writer. |
| A．he/she is your pest friend for sure |
| B．he/she agrees with whatever you say |
| C．he/she is with you even when there are difficulties |
| D．you spend most of your time together |
【推荐1】By 2050, 68% of the global population will live in cities. That’s 2.5 billion more people than today. In Europe, three out of four of us already live in urban areas, and the consequences of that are becoming clear. Researchers estimate that nine million people die every year as a direct result of air pollution. As our cities grow and more people move into already crowded spaces, what do we need to do to transform our urban areas into healthy places to live? An increasing body of research tells us that we should be letting nature back in.
Green spaces in cities mitigate the effects of pollution and can reduce a phenomenon known as the urban heat island effect, which refers to heat trapped in built-up areas. The effect appears in towns and cities where the heat generated by people, transport and industry is trapped in the narrow roads and concrete structures, unable to escape to the atmosphere. This can bring the temperature in urban areas up 3 — 4°C higher than the surrounding countryside, and with that comes a severe cycle. Increased temperatures in summer lead to an increased demand for cooling. This expands our energy consumption, which in turn build up fossil fuel consumption, increasing pollutants in the air and harmful smog on our streets.
Planning cities to include green spaces wherever possible is the first step in making our urban areas healthier. For example, adding a layer of vegetation to rooftops and creating green roofs has proven to reduce the urban heat island effect. Trees in our streets also play their part, and a variety of tree species can have a profound effect. Simply having access to green spaces in cities can do wonders for our stress levels and concentration at work. “People need to interact with nature whenever the opportunity arises. Something as simple as a five-to-ten-minute break during the workday can improve well-being and boost productivity,” Cecil, an expert studying nature in cities says.
1. How does the author bring in the topic in Paragraph 1?| A．By presenting facts. | B．By listing examples. |
| C．By comparing numbers. | D．By questioning an estimate. |
| A．Overcome. | B．Change. | C．Ease. | D．Shift. |
| A．Lower temperature. | B．Energy regeneration. |
| C．Fuel shortage. | D．Air pollution. |
| A．How to Let Nature Back In |
| B．Why We Need Green Spaces in Cities |
| C．Heat Effect: An Unavoidable Urban Trouble |
| D．Green Roofs: Tiny Urban Forests |
【推荐2】During the last twenty years there has been increasing concern with the quality of the environment. Along with air and water pollutants, noise pollution has been considered as a serious pollutant. As noise levels have risen, the effects of noise have become more obvious.
Noise is described as “unwanted sound”. Causes of noise pollution include traffic, aircraft, rock bands, barking dogs, television, garbage trucks, and noise from neighbors, voices, alarms, and boats. Studies show that over forty percent of Americans are disturbed at home or lose sleep because of noise pollution.
Noise has bad effects on people and the environment. Noise causes hearing loss, interferes (干扰) with human activities at home and work, and is in various ways dangerous to people’s health and well-being.
When we think, talk, listen to music, or sleep, we need quiet. Even low levels of noise can be annoying or frustrating. Sudden increases in volume can make sounds annoying. The quieter the background is, the more penetrating a noise can be.
Noise can also make instructions or warning unclear, resulting in accidents. Louder noise bursts can cause more problems. Continued stress caused by living in noisy conditions can lead to high blood pressure, which is the major cause of some diseases.
Long exposure to noise levels above eighty-five decibels (分贝) can damage inner ear cells and lead to hearing loss. Noise can result in the uncontrolled fear response and can cause adrenaline (肾上腺素) to be pumped into the bloodstream, the heart rate to quicken, muscles to tense, breathing to go up, and the digestive system to slow down.
Local government has the responsibility to fight noise pollution. For example, it can regulate the speed of trains through their community. On the other hand, a responsible citizen will never make noise pollution wherever he is.
1. What does the underlined word “penetrating” in Paragraph 4 mean?| A．High and exciting. | B．Deep and shocking |
| C．Loud and unpleasant. | D．Clear and comfortable. |
| A．Fast digestive system. | B．Low blood pressure. |
| C．Slow heart rate. | D．Fast breathing. |
| A．people who make noise pollution should be punished |
| B．the government should be responsible for fighting noise pollution |
| C．the government should offer its people better education on noise pollution |
| D．people and the government should work together to reduce noise pollution |
| A．Measurement of noise levels. | B．Bad effects of noise pollution. |
| C．Hearing damage from environmental noise. | D．Community reactions to noise. |
【推荐3】Last year, the largest wildfire in California history killed 31 people and removed thousands. Meanwhile, Hurricane Laura was bearing down on Louisiana, causing 16 U. S. deaths and up to $ 12 billion in damages. Twenty years ago, crises like these could have been considered as “natural”. Thanks to climate change, this is no longer the case. We may need a new term to call them “man-made natural disasters”.
People now play a determining role on the planet. By cutting down forests and building cities, we’ve transformed half of the ice-free land. By endless digging and transportation, we move more earth than all the rivers and streams. People now outweigh wild mammals by a rate of more than 8 to 1. As people increasingly destroy other animals’ habitats and move species around the world, outbreaks of disasters and novel diseases become more common.
What’s to be done? According to one school of thought, the best way to deal with human involvement in the natural world is to involve better. Old technologies trapped us into this situation; new ones will help us out. Another school, however, argues that the new world-changing technologies are likely to have the same effect as the old ones, only with higher risks. For example, the solar geoengineering, which is supposed to provide the entire planet with a kind of sunshade, has been criticized as “a broad highway to hell” since unexpected problems could arise.
As a reporter on climate change, I feel pulled in both directions. I’ve interviewed scores of scientists, inventors, and entrepreneurs over the past two decades, and I’m continually carried away by how smart humans are as a species. But then the wind blows in smoke from 3,000 miles away, and Tm reminded of how dangerous we are as well. The choice we face now is not whether to change the world; that decision unfortunately has been made. The decision going forward is how we are going to change it.
1. What do the numbers in Paragraph 2 indicate?| A．The slow increase of the wild animals. | B．The influential role of humans on the earth. |
| C．The richness of natural resources in the world. | D．The reason behind the spread of new diseases. |
| A．The new techniques will be our way out. | B．The humankind should stick to the old tricks. |
| C．There is no problem that humans cannot handle. | D．The old technologies have done enough damage. |
| A．Satisfied but bored. | B．Playful but regretful. |
| C．Impressed but concerned. | D．Amused but surprised. |
| A．To examine ways to change the world. | B．To discuss human involvement in nature. |
| C．To review the man-made natural disasters. | D．To analyze the world-changing technologies. |
