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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.94 引用次数:140 题号:14465016

Beep! Beep! Barcode (条形码) technology makes it faster and easier to buy things in stores. You’ve probably seen the black-and-white zebra stripes (条纹) on product packaging. This year, this great invention is 50 years old!

On a Sunday afternoon in 1971, IBM engineer George Laurer came up with a code that could be printed on food labels (商标). It became the basis for the Universal Product Code, which was used by many grocery companies starting in 1973, according to The New York Times. Before this, cashiers (收银员) had to ring up prices by hand.

Time has proven it to be a great invention. Today, barcodes are scanned (扫描) over 6 billion times every day and used by 2 million companies worldwide, PR Newswire reported.

What information does a barcode contain? Where the product comes from, where it has been, its price, expiration date (过期时间)... you name it. It can also help stores keep track of their products. For example, if there are 10 boxes of milk and a customer buys one, it will be recorded so that the store owner knows there are nine boxes left. In the 1980s, libraries started using barcodes to keep track of books in this way.

“Its creation allowed the first digitization (数字化) in the control of the stock (库存),” José Maria Bonmat from AECOC, a Spanish commercial association, told El Mundo.

The next generation of barcodes, such as QR codes, can hold more information. “They can tell consumers if a product contains allergens (过敏原) or if it is organic (有机的). This provides consumers with a greater level of trust in the products they buy,” said GS 1, an organization that develops global barcode standards.

1. What do we know about barcodes?
A.They were first used in New York.
B.They were invented five decades ago.
C.They were based on the Universal Product Code.
D.They were designed by a cashier in a grocery store.
2. According to José Maria Bonmat, barcodes can ________.
A.make cashiers' work easier to do
B.improve the quality of food packaging
C.help companies better manage their stock
D.tell consumers more about the products they buy
3. What do we know from the last paragraph?
A.The importance of barcodes still needs to be proven.
B.QR codes will replace barcodes in the future.
C.GS 1 is developing a new type of barcode.
D.QR codes are more consumer friendly.
4. What is the best title of the article?
A.What does barcodes tell us?B.What can barcodes help customers do?
C.How are barcode widely used worldwide?D.How is information stored in barcodes?
【知识点】 发明与创造 说明文

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【推荐1】Now machines (机器) are widely used all over the world. Why are machines so important and necessary (必要的) for us? Because they can help us to do things better and faster.

A washing machine helps us to wash clothes fast. A printing machine helps us to print a lot of books, newspapers, magazines and many other things fast. Bikes, cars trains and planes are all machines. They help us to travel faster than on foot.

The computer is a wonderful machine. It was invented not long ago. It not only stores (贮存) information (信息) but also stores numbers millions of times as fast as a scientist does.

Let’s study hard and try to use all kinds of machines to build China into a modern country.

1. Machines can help us to do things better and faster, so they ______.
A.are difficult to makeB.are expensive
C.are important but not necessaryD.are very helpful
2. We have to travel on foot without ______.
A.bikesB.machinesC.planesD.trains
3. Computers can store information and numbers ______ a scientist does.
A.a little faster thanB.as fast as
C.much faster thanD.much more slowly than
4. If we want to build China into a modern country. We must ______.
A.study hardB.try to use all kinds of machines
C.invent many machinesD.all above
2022-01-25更新 | 53次组卷
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【推荐2】A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence (AI) can read human eye movements to “read” human personalities.

The eyes are the windows to the soul. And if so, computers and robots powered by complex artificial intelligence algorithms (算法) may soon have the ability to peer into your soul. That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye movements and personality, conducted by neuroscience researchers.

“Eye movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality,” wrote the researchers, led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loetscher, whose team follows 42 study subjects recording their eye movements, then determines their personality characteristics.

The researchers fed the data into their AI algorithms and found that computers running the algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a person’s major personality characteristics , such as “neuroticism, extraversion (外向), agreeableness, conscientiousness, as well as perceptual (感知的) curiosity”, the scientists wrote.

“The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high-tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines,” Loetscher said.

“People are always looking for improved, personalized services. Today’s robots and computers are not socially aware, so they cannot adjust to non-verbal information,” Loetscher said in a statement quoted by Indian Express. “This research provides opportunities to develop robots and computers so that they can become more natural, and better at interpreting human social signals.”

The study revealed previously undiscovered relations between specific personality characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies, according to a summary in Britain’s Daily Mail newspaper.

1. What do the underlined words “peer into” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Search for.B.Concern about.
C.Stare at.D.Understand.
2. How did the researchers conduct the research?
A.It was carried out in a lab.
B.42 subjects’ eye movements were recorded.
C.The students’ daily movements were tracked.
D.Its subjects’ personalities were determined by computer.
3. What does Tobias Loetscher mean in paragraph 6?
A.Robots and computers are socially conscious.
B.People care less about improved, personalized services.
C.Today’s robots and computers can accustom themselves to non-verbal information.
D.The discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and robots.
4. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Tell Personalities by Eye Movements
B.What Human Eye Movements Are
C.Human Personality Characteristics
D.How Humans and Machines Interact
2020-12-18更新 | 90次组卷
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍电脑天才Ray Tomlinson创造了电子邮件,帮助我们更好地和他人交流。

【推荐3】

Everybody Should Say Thank You to Ray TomGnson. Why should you thank Ray Tomlinson? You might have never heard of his name before, but do you know that the e-mail you use every day was his“child”?

Ray Tomlinson is known as “the father of e-mail”. He was born in New York in 1941. He attended college at the Renaselaer Polytechnic Institute, where he took part in a program with IBM, and in 1963 he received a bachelor(学士) of Science in electrical engineering.

In 1971, Ray created the first e-mail system, which allowed people to send messages electronically from the same computer. But he thought that there might also be a way to send messages from different computers, which led to the birth of the e-mail we know now. He chose the @ sign to separate local from global emails in the mailing address. “I used the ‘@’ sign to show that the user was ‘at’ some other hosts rather than being local,”said Ray in an interview. Person to person network email was born and user @ host became the standard for email addresses, as it remainstoday.

Ray Tomlinson died at the age of 74. Thanks Ray Tomlinson for inventing the email and putting the @ sign on the map. Though he may not be famous as Mark Zuckerberg or Bill Gates, Ray Tomlinson surely has his place among the geniuses(天才) that gave us the convenience that we call “computer technology”.

1. Who is known as “the father of e-mail”?
A.Bill Gates.B.Ray Tomlinson.
C.Steve Jobs.D.Mark Zuckerberg.
2. When did Ray create the first e-mail system?
A.In 1941.B.In 1963.
C.In 1971.D.In 2015.
3. He used the @ sign to show that ________.
A.the user was “at” some other hosts rather than being local
B.people could send messages from the same computer
C.it played a key role in computer technology
D.he took part in a program with IBM
4. Why should everybody say thank you to Ray Tomlinson?
A.Because he received a bachelor of Science
B.Because he was as famous as Mark Zuckerberg.
C.Because he surely has his place among the geniuses.
D.Because he invented email and put the @ sign on the map.
5. What’s the best title of the passage?
A.Say Thank You to Ray TomGnson
B.Thanks Ray Tomlinson for inventing the email and putting the @ sign on the map
C.Ray Tomlinson, “the father of e-mail”
D.Ray Tomlinson, a computer technology genius
2018-08-22更新 | 88次组卷
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