Beep! Beep! Barcode (条形码) technology makes it faster and easier to buy things in stores. You’ve probably seen the black-and-white zebra stripes (条纹) on product packaging. This year, this great invention is 50 years old!
On a Sunday afternoon in 1971, IBM engineer George Laurer came up with a code that could be printed on food labels (商标). It became the basis for the Universal Product Code, which was used by many grocery companies starting in 1973, according to The New York Times. Before this, cashiers (收银员) had to ring up prices by hand.
Time has proven it to be a great invention. Today, barcodes are scanned (扫描) over 6 billion times every day and used by 2 million companies worldwide, PR Newswire reported.
What information does a barcode contain? Where the product comes from, where it has been, its price, expiration date (过期时间)... you name it. It can also help stores keep track of their products. For example, if there are 10 boxes of milk and a customer buys one, it will be recorded so that the store owner knows there are nine boxes left. In the 1980s, libraries started using barcodes to keep track of books in this way.
“Its creation allowed the first digitization (数字化) in the control of the stock (库存),” José Maria Bonmat from AECOC, a Spanish commercial association, told El Mundo.
The next generation of barcodes, such as QR codes, can hold more information. “They can tell consumers if a product contains allergens (过敏原) or if it is organic (有机的). This provides consumers with a greater level of trust in the products they buy,” said GS 1, an organization that develops global barcode standards.
1. What do we know about barcodes?A.They were first used in New York. |
B.They were invented five decades ago. |
C.They were based on the Universal Product Code. |
D.They were designed by a cashier in a grocery store. |
A.make cashiers' work easier to do |
B.improve the quality of food packaging |
C.help companies better manage their stock |
D.tell consumers more about the products they buy |
A.The importance of barcodes still needs to be proven. |
B.QR codes will replace barcodes in the future. |
C.GS 1 is developing a new type of barcode. |
D.QR codes are more consumer friendly. |
A.What does barcodes tell us? | B.What can barcodes help customers do? |
C.How are barcode widely used worldwide? | D.How is information stored in barcodes? |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Now machines (机器) are widely used all over the world. Why are machines so important and necessary (必要的) for us? Because they can help us to do things better and faster.
A washing machine helps us to wash clothes fast. A printing machine helps us to print a lot of books, newspapers, magazines and many other things fast. Bikes, cars trains and planes are all machines. They help us to travel faster than on foot.
The computer is a wonderful machine. It was invented not long ago. It not only stores (贮存) information (信息) but also stores numbers millions of times as fast as a scientist does.
Let’s study hard and try to use all kinds of machines to build China into a modern country.
1. Machines can help us to do things better and faster, so they ______.A.are difficult to make | B.are expensive |
C.are important but not necessary | D.are very helpful |
A.bikes | B.machines | C.planes | D.trains |
A.a little faster than | B.as fast as |
C.much faster than | D.much more slowly than |
A.study hard | B.try to use all kinds of machines |
C.invent many machines | D.all above |
【推荐2】A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence (AI) can read human eye movements to “read” human personalities.
The eyes are the windows to the soul. And if so, computers and robots powered by complex artificial intelligence algorithms (算法) may soon have the ability to peer into your soul. That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye movements and personality, conducted by neuroscience researchers.
“Eye movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality,” wrote the researchers, led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loetscher, whose team follows 42 study subjects recording their eye movements, then determines their personality characteristics.
The researchers fed the data into their AI algorithms and found that computers running the algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a person’s major personality characteristics , such as “neuroticism, extraversion (外向), agreeableness, conscientiousness, as well as perceptual (感知的) curiosity”, the scientists wrote.
“The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high-tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines,” Loetscher said.
“People are always looking for improved, personalized services. Today’s robots and computers are not socially aware, so they cannot adjust to non-verbal information,” Loetscher said in a statement quoted by Indian Express. “This research provides opportunities to develop robots and computers so that they can become more natural, and better at interpreting human social signals.”
The study revealed previously undiscovered relations between specific personality characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies, according to a summary in Britain’s Daily Mail newspaper.
1. What do the underlined words “peer into” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Search for. | B.Concern about. |
C.Stare at. | D.Understand. |
A.It was carried out in a lab. |
B.42 subjects’ eye movements were recorded. |
C.The students’ daily movements were tracked. |
D.Its subjects’ personalities were determined by computer. |
A.Robots and computers are socially conscious. |
B.People care less about improved, personalized services. |
C.Today’s robots and computers can accustom themselves to non-verbal information. |
D.The discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and robots. |
A.Tell Personalities by Eye Movements |
B.What Human Eye Movements Are |
C.Human Personality Characteristics |
D.How Humans and Machines Interact |
【推荐3】
Everybody Should Say Thank You to Ray TomGnson. Why should you thank Ray Tomlinson? You might have never heard of his name before, but do you know that the e-mail you use every day was his“child”?
Ray Tomlinson is known as “the father of e-mail”. He was born in New York in 1941. He attended college at the Renaselaer Polytechnic Institute, where he took part in a program with IBM, and in 1963 he received a bachelor(学士) of Science in electrical engineering.
In 1971, Ray created the first e-mail system, which allowed people to send messages electronically from the same computer. But he thought that there might also be a way to send messages from different computers, which led to the birth of the e-mail we know now. He chose the @ sign to separate local from global emails in the mailing address. “I used the ‘@’ sign to show that the user was ‘at’ some other hosts rather than being local,”said Ray in an interview. Person to person network email was born and user @ host became the standard for email addresses, as it remainstoday.
Ray Tomlinson died at the age of 74. Thanks Ray Tomlinson for inventing the email and putting the @ sign on the map. Though he may not be famous as Mark Zuckerberg or Bill Gates, Ray Tomlinson surely has his place among the geniuses(天才) that gave us the convenience that we call “computer technology”.
1. Who is known as “the father of e-mail”?A.Bill Gates. | B.Ray Tomlinson. |
C.Steve Jobs. | D.Mark Zuckerberg. |
A.In 1941. | B.In 1963. |
C.In 1971. | D.In 2015. |
A.the user was “at” some other hosts rather than being local |
B.people could send messages from the same computer |
C.it played a key role in computer technology |
D.he took part in a program with IBM |
A.Because he received a bachelor of Science |
B.Because he was as famous as Mark Zuckerberg. |
C.Because he surely has his place among the geniuses. |
D.Because he invented email and put the @ sign on the map. |
A.Say Thank You to Ray TomGnson |
B.Thanks Ray Tomlinson for inventing the email and putting the @ sign on the map |
C.Ray Tomlinson, “the father of e-mail” |
D.Ray Tomlinson, a computer technology genius |
【推荐1】Hourbike
WHAT IS HOURBIKE?
Hourbike is a fully UK owned bike share operator. From supplying bikes only to implementing a fully serviced, citywide and automated bike share network, Hourbike can assist. Hourbike is designed to respond to transport, health promotion and sustainability targets.
DELIVERING SOLUTIONS
Hourbike addresses the needs of local councils and organizations alike by providing bike hire solutions across different environments! Hourbike will always provide intelligent, tailored solutions to its clients. The benefits of bike sharing are being felt worldwide, and as technology advances alongside it, the future of bike share is on track to grow substantially over the coming years.
PRODUCTS & SERVICES
THE BIKES
We provide comfortable, well-made and easy-to-use bikes that have been designed and built for bike share. All aspects of the cycle experience have been considered to ensure the best customer experience, with excellent customer feedback. The bikes are attractive and fit for purpose.
CUSTOMER SERVICE PROVISIONS
Hourbike’s customer contact centre is UK based and has many years of experience in supporting a wide range of customers using the bikes for commuting, leisure and public use. This knowledge base enables us to provide a high-quality service through all channels of communication to both our members and the local authorities.
ADVERTISING & SPONSORSHIP
Local sponsorship of services that truly benefit entire communities will always be looked upon positively from a wide variety of audiences. Research shows that 88% of consumers said they were more likely to buy from a company that supports and engages in activities to improve society. Your business as a sponsor will have access to unique usage data regarding bike journeys, lengths of time of journeys and times of days in order for you to target your message and grow customers.
1. For which of the following purposes has Hourbike been designed?a. To ease traffic pressure. b. To improve health.
c. To save money. d. To protect the environment.
A.abcd | B.abd | C.abc | D.acd |
A.will be used by more and more people in the future |
B.uses the same solution in different environments |
C.focuses on specific markets in the UK |
D.can develop well with little support from technology |
A.They can use the bikes for free. |
B.They can enjoy high-quality service. |
C.They can communicate with users directly and understand their requirements. |
D.They can see some related information about users of the bikes. |
【推荐2】They supposedly swim in remote lakes, hide in dense forests, and walk among snowy mountains. Yet despite being unreal proven by science, cryptids—fantastical beasts that probably don’t exist—have fascinated humans for centuries and gave birth to cryptotourism which boosts the local tourism. North America’s Bigfoot helps generate over $140 million annually for the U.S. economy, according to the International Cryptozoology Museum in Portland, Maine.
In Nepal, cryptotourism reaches back to the 1950s. It centers on the Yeti. Up to six feet tall and similar in appearance to the Bigfoot, this legendary creature is reported to wander on the snowy peaks of the Himalayas and is a prominent figure in the folk tale of Nepal. Its tale is 6,000 years old. But the furry beast was a regional fairytale until British explorer Eric Shipton claimed to have photographed a 13-inch-long human-like footprint in the snow of Nepal’s Menlung Glacier. Explorers all over the world soon flooded into the Himalayas, competing to detect the cryptid.
Over time, the Yeti became a powerful tourism brand in Nepal. This beast’s foot forms the logo of the domestic carrier, Yeti Airlines, while hotels, restaurants, cafés, and tour companies profit off its name.
Some Nepalis are more skeptical. Sushil, a tour guide, says even as a child he viewed Yetis as a sham. Now, when his customers ask about the monster, he tells them it’s widely considered a myth. Sushil says he dislikes cryptotourism, which steals focus from the country’s remarkable architecture and ancient traditions. “I don’t think the Yeti is a valuable tool to promote Nepal tourism,” he says. “We have a lot of tangible and intangible cultural heritage. Nepal should focus on its rich natural diversity.”
Academics have also offered scientific explanations for the Yeti and other cryptids, yet these legends persist. “People have always been fascinated by things in nature which confuse us, things which we just don’t understand,” says Panday, a Nepali author. “That’s not going to change any time soon.”
1. Why is North America’s Bigfoot mentioned in paragraph 1?A.To exemplify biodiversity. | B.To prove the effect of cryptotourism. |
C.To criticize human belief in cryptids. | D.To show the advance of tourism economy. |
A.It dates back to the 1950s. | B.It was proven by Eric Shipton. |
C.It is a distant relative of the Bigfoot. | D.It plays a vital part in Nepali tourism. |
A.The local natural diets. | B.The legends about monsters. |
C.The Nepali cultural heritage. | D.The tourist draws featuring Yetis. |
A.It has good reason to exist. | B.It keeps pace with science. |
C.It benefits Nepali economy. | D.It promotes animal protection. |
The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of citied and towns. It started from eastern China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea. It was used from about 200 B, C, to about A, D, 1300, when sea travel offered new routes(路线) , It was sometimes called the world’s longest highway. However, the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through what are now 18 countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe.
The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia. Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China. Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods. Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West. Apples traveled from central Asia to Rome. The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁接) different trees together to make new kinds of fruit. They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to world-wide business 2,000 years before the World Wide Web.
The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning, diplomacy(外交), and religion (宗教)
1. It’s probable that traders along the Silk Road needed .
A.to remember the entire trade route | B.to know the making of products |
C.to receive certain special training | D.to deal with a lot of difficulties |
A.it was made up of different routes | B.silk trading became less popular |
C.sea travel provided easier routes | D.people needed fewer foreign goods |
A.learned from one another | B.shared each other’s beliefs |
C.traded goods along the route | D.earned their living by traveling |
A.The Silk Road ; Past and Present | B.The Silk Road; East Meets West |
C.The Silk Road; Routes Full of Dangers | D.The Silk Road; Pathways for Learning |