Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box Each word -组卷网

题型：选词填空-短文选词填空难度：0.4 引用次数：92 题号：14653779

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. division B. submits C. range D. Naturally E. suppliers F. unopposed
G. commercial H. potential I. dominated J. Therefore K. head

When Yoshino akira, a Japanese chemist, worked on rechargeable batteries in the 1980s, it was with a view to powering portable devices. His Nobel prize-winning research led to the first 1 lithiumion (Lion) battery. These now power everything from smartphones to electric vehicles (EVS). But the Japanese firms that, building on Mr Yoshino's work, 2 the Lion business early on have lost their edge. CATL, China's battery giant, and the energy arm of LG, a South Korean group, have surpassed Japan's Panasonic as the world's largest 3 of EV batteries. Others are catching up in the production of materials and components.

Japanese battery-makers want to regain their rightful place at the 4 of the pack. To do so they are betting on solid-sate batteries. These still shuttle lithiunions between the anode (阳极) and the cathode (阴极) to charge and discharge, but the electrolyze (电解液) where this shutting happens is solid not liquid. That makes the batteries more stable and potentially more powerful. It also avoids the need for bulky cooling systems, required for fast-charging Lion systems. Cars equipped with solid-state batteries could be lighter, which increases 5 .

Japan 6 more battery-tech patents a year than any other country; second ranked South Korea files half as many. Japanese firms and inventors accounted for more than one in two solid-state-related patents between 2014 and 2018. More are coming. Industrial and chemicals firms, of which Japan has plenty, are preparing for the materials needed to bring the technology to market.

Murata, a big manufacturer which bought Sony's battery 7 in 2017, plans to begin mass-producing smaller solid-state batteries this autumn. Nakajima Norio, Murata's boss, sees "lots of 8 in wearables", since the batteries do not bum or get hot (which is hwy they are already used in things like pacemakers). Honda and Nissan, two other carmakers, are also eyeing the technology.

9 , if making solid-state batteries were easy, manufacturers would be mass-producing them. It isn't. Water stains the materials, so factories must be kept ultra-day. Mitsui Kinzoku, an engineering firm, has been testing mass production of solid electrolytes and found that it is "indeed a very difficult process", in the words of Takahashi Tsukass, who is involved in the project.

Even if they can get the technology right, Japanese firms are not running 10 , as they had seen in Liion's early days. Most big carmakers, including Ford, Hyundai and Volkswagen, have solid-state cars in the works. They may want to make the batteries themselves. That's some solid competition.

21-22高三上·上海浦东新·阶段练习查看更多[1]

更新时间：2021-12-14 21:18:16 |

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【知识点】科学技术

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选词填空-短文选词填空 | 较难 (0.4)

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【推荐1】Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.

A. diverse B. dominance C. cracks D. core E. schedule F. application
G. landmark H. promote I. alternative J. echoes K. connectivity

China's BeiDou System Prepared for Serving Whole World

China launched the last satellite of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) on June 23, marking the completion of the country's homegrown orbital navigation network in a(n) 1 step towards the peaceful exploration of space.

The BeiDou network, a major infrastructure domestically constructed and operated, can better meet the demands of China's national security, economic as well as social development. It can also provide more stable and reliable services, as well as a(n) 2 to the U.S.-owned Global Positioning System(GPS) for global users.

Given the national security concerns due to GPS's 3 ,China has not been the only nation in the world to have striven to develop its own satellite navigation system.Thus one of the BDS's primary principles has been local innovation. The key components as well as 4 technologies and software of the BDS have all been independently developed and manufactured by China itself. Such an independent drive in the field of scientific and technological research and development 5 the very spirit that had been pursued by many Chinese scientists who had once dedicated themselves to the "Two Bombs, One Satellite" project when China had been under nuclear threat by some of the world's major powers.

After 26 years of difficult work, the BDS has now earned a global reputation for its high-accuracy service and various service capabilities. According to the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, the services provided by BeiDou are already helping to 6 social and economic development around the world.

Indeed, the BDS-based solutions have already been successfully adopted in 7 field as land registration, precise agriculture, digital construction and the monitoring and management of vehicles and ships. Also, the BDS-enabled products have already been exported to more than 100 countries, providing users with a variety of choices and an enhance 8 experience.

Thousands of years ago, the Chinese invented the compass, which had made long-range voyages on rough and vast seas possible, helping to give directions in the Age of Discovery.

Today, the BDS network is prepared to promote an even stronger global 9 in this age of globalization, helping countries worldwide to 10 their own courses towards a better future.

2021-12-19更新 | 112次组卷

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【推荐2】Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. surrounding   B. confidence   C. artificial   D. encouraging
E. technologyF. recognized   G. introduced   H. doubt
I. launched   J. basic   K. strong

For many years large supermarkets have been encouraging us to spend money by pumping the smell of freshly-baked bread into their stories. Now Dale Air, a leading firm of aroma(香气)consultants, has been approached by Barclay’s Bank to develop suitable 1 smells for their banks. Researchers have suggested that 2 customers with the "smell of money" will encourage them to feel relaxed and give them added 3 in the bank’s security and professionalism.

Aroma experts have little 4 that it can be an effective form of subconscious advertising. Lunn Poly, a British travel company, 5 the smell of coconuts into its travel agencies and saw a big increase in spending by holiday makers. Many cafes now have electric dispensers(自动售货机)that release the smell of freshly roasted coffee near their entrances, subtly 6 customers to come in and have a drink or snack.

“The sense of smell is probably the most 7 of all human senses, “explains researcher Jim O’Rordan. It is certainly true that most people find certain smells unbelievably 8 , stringing(连成一串)memories and feelings in a way that few other stimulants can compete. It is a phenomenon marketing consultants have long 9 , but until recently have been unable to bring it under control.”We’ve made great progress but the 10 of odour(smell)production is still in its infancy(婴儿期), “says O’Rordan, “Who knows where it will take us.”

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文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了陆地卫星的作用和意义。

【推荐3】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. address B. challenges C. imaging D. monitor E. navigate F. operations G. respond
H. setting I. short J. successive K. worth

Satellites Can Help Us Fight Climate Change

At the beginning of 2021, President Joe Biden exclaimed that “science is back” as we continued our efforts to 1 the COVID emergency. That phrase continues to ring true across the federal government. Science and its applications are being used at every agency to deal with public health 2 , build new transportation infrastructure, inform policy decisions and tackle the climate crisis.

Recently the Interior Department’s U.S. Geological Survey assumed 3 of Landsat 9 from NASA, which built and launched it in 2021.This satellite is designed to 4 Earth’s land, water and other natural resources. Landsat missions support environmental sustainability and climate resilience. The Landsat program, which launched in July 1972, has helped us understand our planet and the changes that are occurring on it. That partnership has propelled research and observation forward through the launch of 5 Landsat satellites, each replacing its predecessors and working in tandem with new capabilities and strengths.

I attended the historic launch of Landsat 9 in California. It was nothing 6 of amazing. I toured the mission control center and met a young scientist from the Navajo Nation living far away from home. She uses Landsat 7 to see her home from many miles away, and with such data, she enables her community to manage water resources in the face of a changing climate. This is the power and beauty of science at work.

All around the globe, scientists are using Landsat and other imagery to interpret what is happening on Earth today and to compare it with the 50 years’ 8 of data the Landsat program has collected.

This science-based program and those like it across federal agencies are powerful tools in our efforts to responsibly manage our resources. Their prioritization helps to demonstrate the Biden-Harris administration’s commitment to lead with science. So, too, the resources provided through the president’s Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and Inflation Reduction Act will be key to the development of longer-term sustainability measures as we 9 to climate change, including building more resilient communities and protecting our natural environment.

Landsat NEXT is the upcoming mission we will develop with NASA to power better science and decision-making for the next 50 years. Science is indeed 10 us on a path to a brighter future.

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