While the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students in Auckland, New Zealand. They became the world’s first kids to be “taught” by a digital teacher, Will. Will is just an avatar(用户头像)that appears on the students desktop, tablet, or smartphone screen, not a human-like robot walking around the classroom.
Auckland energy company Vector and AI company Soul Machines worked together to develop Will, which has been modeled after the human brain and nervous system, allowing it to perform human-like behavior. The digital teacher is currently assigned to teach Vector’s “Be sustainable with energy,” a free program for Auckland elementary schools.
Just like the humans it replaced, Will is able to instantly react to the students’ responses to the topic. Thanks to a webcam(网络摄像头)and microphone, the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have, but also picks up non-verbal cues(非口头提示). For instance, if a student smiles at Will, he responds by smiling back. This two-way interaction not only helps capture the students’ attention, but also allows the program’s developers to monitor their participation, and make changes if needed.
Vector’s Chief Digital Officer, Nikhil Ravishankar says, “What was fascinating to me was the reaction of the children to Will. The way they look at the world is so creative and different, and Will really captured their attention.”
Will, in place since August 2018, has been a great success so far. However, regardless of how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon. For. one, the avatar’s knowledge base is severely restricted. But more importantly, even the smartest digital avatars could never predict and react to all the unexpected situations that educators have to deal with on a daily basis. However, it could come in handy as a “personal tutor”, providing kids with one-on-one help on specific subjects or even topics.
1. What is Willable to do in class?A.Think like humans. | B.Satisfy all kids’ needs. |
C.Interact with the students. | D.Monitor students’ participation. |
A.Positive. | B.Negative. | C.Doubtful. | D.Unconcerned. |
A.Its popularity. | B.Its limitations. | C.Its applications. | D.Its convenience. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】The one thing everyone loves to hate when it comes to the Internet—the user password—is under fire now. Actually, it’s been under fire for a long time.
In an ideal world, people would use a long string composed of completely random characters, numbers and symbols. Furthermore, a unique password would be used for every site or application the user uses. Unfortunately, the more complex the passwords become, the more people are likely to forget them. The longer the passwords are, the more easily forgotten they are. Therefore, people use the same password for every service or application. It is a no-no and extremely defeats the purpose of a password.
Google is trying to kill off the user password, at least on Android devices by introducing the Trust API, which does what simple passwords cannot. It gives developers a framework for securing their applications using a number of security system and metrics (衡量标准) on the device. A Trust Score will be generated based on the metrics the device gathers and will allow or deny access to applications based on whether or not your Trust Score is high enough.
The Trust Score will be generated based on metrics like your device location, face scanning and fingerprint, and the things like your typing speed or the way you speak. Taken one at a time, these metrics are not secure. But taken together, these metrics will help define the real “you”.
Passwords have been around since the dawn of computing and although the security of systems has been improved, they haven9t done much to improve the usability of systems. Google appears to have the best of both worlds—a highly secure system that end users won^ even notice. Maybe that never-ending conflict between security and convenience will be able to take a break once the trust system comes out.
1. Why are passwords severely criticized?A.They can’t protect users against all threats. |
B.Resetting them needs much time and effort. |
C.They aren’t suitable for the forgetful people. |
D.Ifs difficult to get both convenience and safety. |
A.By combining various metrics together. |
B.By locking users’ private information. |
C.By providing users with Trust Scores. |
D.By changing users’ identity recognition ways. |
A.It hasn’t been proved to be effective. |
B.It is widely used in many fields. |
C.It may make passwords out of use. |
D.It needs to be improved from now on. |
A.Aren’t Passwords Very Complex? |
B.Is the Trust API Just Pie in the Sky? |
C.What Can the Trust API Bring Users? |
D.Will Passwords Soon Be a Thing of the Past? |
【推荐2】Readers have never had it so good. But publishers need to adapt better to the digital world.
During the next few weeks publishers will release a great number of books, pile them onto delivery lorries and fight to get them on the display tables of bookshops in the run-up to Christmas. It is an impressive display of competitive commercial activity. It is also increasingly pointless.
More quickly than almost anyone predicted, e-books are becoming popular quickly. Amazon, the biggest e-book retailer( 零售商), has lowered the price of its Kindle — e-readers to the point where people do not fear to take them to the beach. In America, the most advanced market, about one-fifth of the largest publishers’ sales are of e-books.
For readers, this is excellent. Amazon has successfully shortened distance by bringing a huge range of books to out-of-the-way places, and it is now fighting against time, by enabling readers to download books instantly. Moreover, huge choice and low prices are helping books hold their own on digital devices. For publishers, though, it is a dangerous time. Some of the publishers’ functions—packaging books and promoting them to shops—are becoming out of date.
Yet there are still important jobs for publishers.
The music and film industries have started to pack electronic with physical versions of their products—by, for instance, providing those who buy a DVD of a movie with a code to download it from the Internet. Publishers, similarly, should combine e-books with paper books.
They also need to become more efficient. In the digital age it is stupid to take months or even years to get a book to market. And if they are to distinguish their products from self-published dross( 糟粕), they must get better at choosing books, sharpening ideas and polishing copy. If publishers are to hold readers’ attention, they must tell a better story—and edit out all the spelling mistakes as well.
1. According to the author, what publishers do before Christmas is becoming __________.A.efficient | B.satisfying | C.meaningless | D.worthwhile |
A.By analyzing. | B.By giving examples. |
C.By comparing. | D.By listing numbers. |
A.Readers will have a wider choice than before. |
B.The price of books will become much higher. |
C.Traditional publishers will be out of work. |
D.Traditional bookstores will completely disappear. |
A.Spend more time editing a good book. |
B.Change work to music and film industry. |
C.Get rid of self-published dross completely. |
D.Learn from what music and film industry did. |
A.The Disappearing Ink. |
B.The Book and Music Industry. |
C.Golden Times for Publishers. |
D.The Coming of the Digital Age. |
【推荐3】Wild Track is an organization that aims to protect endangered animals like rhinos. They use a computer program that runs photos of animal track through an algorithm (演算法).Then the program makes the same observations as a tracker would, allowing scientists to know where individual animals go. However, the program itself needs “training”.
It starts with collecting good photos of prints from endangered animals in captivity ( 圈养).As people send in photos of tracks from animals in the wild, the FIT program can compare it to tracks from animals it “knows”. As the program becomes more accurate, Wild Track hopes it will become a major tool for monitoring any endangered species.
Anyone can help Wild Track by taking images of tracks and sending them to a partner organization called naturalist.org. The only tool you need is a digital camera or cellphone. After finding a clear track, place one ruler along the bottom of the footprint and another along the left side. Below the footprint, place a note containing your exact name and the date. Holding the camera or cellphone directly above the track, take a photo showing the footprint, rulers and note. Later, visit naturalist.org and follow the instructions on the site to send your photo.
Wild Track needs photos of footprints made not only by animals in captivity but also those living in the wild. In wild places, you should take care not to disturb animals in their natural environment. If you intend to photograph in a wild area that is unknown to you, then you should not go there alone. Instead, go with someone who is familiar with the region and experienced at tracking.
1. How does the writer begin this article about Wild Track?A.By discussing the software that it employs. |
B.By praising its recent efforts to raise funds. |
C.By explaining how and when it was founded. |
D.By summarizing different opinions about it. |
A.Those which cause a threat to human settlements. |
B.Those which are now at risk of becoming extinct. |
C.Those which have been illegally kept as pets. |
D.Those which disappeared from the Earth long ago. |
A.A list of locations worth exploring. |
B.A strategy for acquiring equipment. |
C.A warning not to engage in hunting. |
D.A technique containing several steps. |
A.Admiring the wild landscape. |
B.Preparing well for wild weather. |
C.Leaving wild creatures alone. |
D.Consuming a diet of wild plants. |
【推荐1】A ROBOT companion for older people aims to promote activity and deal with loneliness by urging them to take part in digital and physical activities.
The ElliQ robot, made by Israel-based start-up Intuition Robotics, will be published at the Design Museum in London this week. ElliQ is a small desktop device that consists of a domed (拱形的) “body” and a separate detachable (可拆卸的) screen.
Created in collaboration with Swiss designer Yves Behar, the robot is able to encourage a degree of social engagement. Similar to home assistants like the Amazon Echo, people can simply talk to it, and there are visual clues that could be particularly helpful for those with hearing difficulties.
A key purpose of ElliQ is to act as an easy platform to access existing services such as social media, and messaging programs. For example, the device could alert the users that their grandchild has posted a new photo on Facebook, show it to them on the screen.
ElliQ can recommend activities voluntarily. It might ask if you’re interested in watching a video, for instance, or suggest a walk. It can also act as reminder to take medication.
Having a robot constantly offer suggestions could obviously get annoying, so the device uses machine learning to tailor these suggestions to individual preferences. If a suggestion is met with a positive response once, ElliQ might try it again. If not, it might change for a different tack.
1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.A robot companion for older people will strongly advise them to participate in digital and physical activities to be healthy. |
B.The ElliQ robot is published at the Design Museum in London. |
C.The screen of the ElliQ robot can be removed if necessary. |
D.The ElliQ robot is created by Swiss designer Yves Behar and Israel-based start-up Intuition Robotics. |
A.declare | B.announce |
C.remind | D.say |
A.when the user’s friend updates his moments (朋友圈), it can show it to the user on the screen. |
B.it can recommend some activities even the user doesn’t ask. |
C.it will constantly give suggestions regardless of the user’s individual preference. |
D.it can help those with hearing difficulties by offering visual clues. |
A.News & Technology | B.People |
C.Health | D.International Affairs |
【推荐2】Steve Davies, a 23-year-old board designer in Wales, is developing a surfboard made from mycelia (菌丝体) instead of plastic.
A 2022 report showed that more than 400, 000 boards are made each year. The global market for surfboards reached $2.2 billion in 2020 and is expected to reach $3.2 billion by 2027. But about 80% of boards are made from plastic, which can take hundreds of years to break down. This will be a serious problem for the environment as the market grows.
“And even when it does break down, it can go into fish’s ecosystem (生态系统), which means that humans will end up eating this plastic,” Davies said.
Davies made his first surfboard in 2020, but the experience showed him many harmful materials were produced in making each board. During his final year at university, he started looking into mycelia and making his beloved sport more environment-friendly.
“My family owns a farm with horses, so I was quickly able to collect substrate material (基料) in the form of horse bedding, to allow the mycelia to grow in,” Davies explained. “This gave me an idea to start a surfboard business—growing surfboards on a farm near the beach and using waste materials from that very same farm, reducing the transport of materials, and therefore reducing carbon (碳) given out into the environment.”
“In the right conditions, we will grow a mycelium board in around 21 days,” Davies said. “The dream would be to make it the new standard. Connecting with nature would be the new design rules and that would be really cool. We’re using the sea and we should give back to the sea.”
1. What do the numbers in Paragraph 2 mainly show?A.Going surfing costs a lot of money. | B.Surfing is popular with young people. |
C.Designing surfboards is a good business. | D.Making eco-friendly surfboards is necessary. |
A.To explain a rule. | B.To present a reason. |
C.To make a comparison. | D.To share an experience. |
A.Why Davies loved to design surfboards. |
B.What made Davies’ surfboard business possible. |
C.Why Davies wanted to study mycelia at university. |
D.How Davies collected substrate material to make surfboards. |
A.He supports environment-friendly products. | B.He hopes to succeed in selling surfboards. |
C.He loves to get designing ideas from sea. | D.He dreams of creating cooler surfboards. |
【推荐3】The Walt Disney Company has built a room that can wirelessly power and charge any devices inside. Wireless charging usually only works when a device is touching a power source. But researchers say they have found a way to provide wireless power and charging capability to large areas.
A scientific team from Disney Research recently demonstrated the technology. Alanson Sample is the lead researcher at Disney Research. He explained the goal of the project in a video. “What we really want is a three-dimensional charging experience where you walk into your living room or office and your cellphone is charged simply by walking in.”
The process uses magnetic fields to send power to specially designed receivers.
Researchers built a 54-cubic-meter room in which the walls, floor and ceiling were covered with metal panels. They placed a long metal pipe in the middle of the room. Electrical currents travel up and down this pole about 1.3 million times per second. These currents also move through the ceiling, walls and floor, before flowing again up the pole. Small devices inside the pole set the level of electromagnetic waves. These waves continuously move around the room to send power to receiving devices. The Disney researchers said repeated experiments led to successful wireless power transfers to many devices running at the same time.
One of the concerns of electric fields is that they can be harmful to humans. But associate research scientist Matt Chabalko said the level of power being produced inside the room is not dangerous. “Our simulations show that we can transmit 1.9 kilowatts of power while meeting federal safety guidelines. This means it’s completely safe for people to occupy this space for any amount of time.”
The experiments also showed that furniture inside the room was not damaged and did not block the wireless energy. One of Disney’s likely uses for wireless power will be to create areas at its parks where visitors can charge their devices.
1. Which of the following can replace the underlined word“demonstrated”in Paragraph 2?A.Believed. | B.Showed. | C.Improved. | D.Chose. |
A.How a room is built for wireless charge. |
B.What is needed to charge wirelessly. |
C.What devices can be charged in the room. |
D.How wireless charge functions in the room. |
A.To get rid of people’s worry. | B.To remind people of its existence. |
C.To show the way to solve it. | D.To explain how harmful it is. |
A.Visitors charge their devices cheaply. |
B.Visitors can stay in a safer environment. |
C.Their cellphones can be charged by themselves. |
D.The parks can brighten visitors without wires. |
【推荐1】They may have text, email, Facebook and Twitter, but young people are still lonelier than any other age group. The Loneliness in New Zealand report, published by Statistics New Zealand, shows under 30s are more likely to feel lonely than older people because loneliness decreases with age.Loneliness and poor mental health were strongly related across all ages. Young people were not as likely to feel lonely because of financial hardship, but among older people, lack of money was a significant influence on loneliness. Women were more likely to feel lonely than men.
Philip Walker, spokesman for the General Social Survey, said because it was relatively new it was hard to know whether loneliness among young people was a new trend. But overseas research has found that levels of loneliness in youth today are growing.
Walker said the finding needed more exploration, including looking at the role of technology and social media. “It could be that people's expectations of connection have gone up, so we expect increased levels of connection.” he said. “While technology like cell phones could help young people stay connected, on the other hand for those who do get bullied, especially bullied online, it's quite isolating. A lot of the time potentially it is a big contributor to loneliness.”
Figures from online dating website Find Someone also confirmed more young people were looking for love. Manager Rick Davies, said younger dating hopefuls were the fastest growing group on the site.
Mr. Davies noted that since the report data was collected in 2010 there had been huge growth in smart phones, which meant people were online even more. He believed online tools, such as Skype, could help people stay connected. “People can keep in touch with a wide range of friends from all over the world much more easily now. It's like you're sitting in your living room having a chat with them.”
Bemardine Reid, operations committee chairwoman for Samaritans, which operates a free helpline, said many of their calls came from people who were lonely. “It might be that they've got some problem, just like all the things people would normally talk to a friend about, but people who are alone lack those normal contacts.” The Statistics New Zealand report also showed people who didn't have face-to-face contact with family and friends were more likely to feel lonely, as were those who lived alone.
1. Which of the following may Mr. Walker agree with?A.High technology may become a reason for loneliness. |
B.People shouldn't use the Internet to get to know strangers. |
C.It's hard for people to get enough connection online as expected. |
D.Social media should play an important role in helping lonely people. |
A.Internet can keep people free from loneliness |
B.people chatting a lot online tend to be optimistic |
C.people living alone tend to have more connection online |
D.people communicating less in the real-world risk loneliness |
A.Find Someone is a website where you can find old friends |
B.without technology, young people would not feel lonely |
C.high technology results in the older being lonely |
D.those cheated or hurt online tend to feel lonely |
A.Loneliness around You | B.Young People Online |
C.Young but Lonely | D.E-times and Young People |
【推荐2】Climate change is an enormous global problem—and thinking about how you alone can help tackle it can feel overwhelming, to say the least. It’s completely normal to question whether one person can make a difference in the fight against climate change, but don’t discount your voice just yet. According to climate and environmental science experts, personal conservation and advocacy efforts play a key role in protecting the planet and influencing others to get on board.
As the Natural Resources Defense Council(NRDC)noted in February 2019, corporations are largely culpable for climate change, with a CDP(formerly the Carbon Disclosure Project)report finding that 100 energy companies are responsible for 71% of the globe’s greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, governments that fail to regulate these corporations’ actions—and the broader use of resources—also bear significant responsibility for the climate change crisis, Amnesty International noted.
While you can’t exclusively blame climate change on any one handful of individuals, your own actions still affect the planet. And personal initiatives to fight climate change, when multiplied, carry the potential to have a significant ripple effect.
Katharine Davis Reich, M. A., an associate director of the UCLA Center for Climate Science, emphasizes this point when discussing how at-home efforts, like recycling and water conservation, can make a difference in countering global warming. “Collective action to reduce carbon emissions is absolutely necessary,” Reich tells Bustle. “But collective action can’t possibly happen if individuals throw up their hands and decide not to pitch in.”
Dr Gabrielle Wong-Parodi, PhD., a behavioral scientist at the Stanford School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences, agrees that personal actions can quickly multiply. Individual action on climate change “makes a difference because we are social beings. So, when we see one another start to take climate change or environmental issues seriously, it becomes real,” she says.
While personal conservation efforts are important, experts stress that pushing for larger climate change solutions is just as crucial. “The structural changes needed to decrease reliance on fossil fuels need large policy changes,” Dr Amir Jina, PhD., an assistant professor at the University of Chicago’s Harris School of Public Policy, tells Bustle. “Using your voice to call for changes, through voting, protest, writing, art, or any other kind of activism, is the best way to motivate creative policies that will bring about solutions.” Jina adds that it’s important to remain consistently committed to activism because “it’s not a sprint, it’s a marathon, and changes won’t happen overnight.”
If you find yourself wondering whether your own actions really matter when it comes to climate change, the answer is “absolutely,” Dr Notaro says.
1. Which word has the similar meaning to the underlined word “culpable” in Paragraph 2?A.Blamable. | B.Reliable. | C.Suitable. | D.Anxious. |
A.Recycling. | B.At-home efforts. |
C.Collective action. | D.Advocacy efforts. |
A.NRDC stresses the importance of political activism when discussing how individuals can help curb climate change. |
B.Reich demonstrates how powerful individual advocacy can be. |
C.Dr Amir Jina holds large policy changes are needed to protect the environment. |
D.Dr Amir Jina thinks global warming can be improved in a day. |
A.A Shift in Climate Change |
B.Your Actions Make a Difference in the Fight Against Climate Change |
C.Structural Changes Needed to Protect the Globe |
D.Ways to Reduce Your Own Environmental Footprint |
【推荐3】OH1, a crow-sized seabird, touched down just off the Maryland coast on April 18, completing a migration from Argentina. Soon, more terns (燕鸥) joined OH1, and nesting season was officially underway.
The common terns had become uncommon in Maryland until conservationists and scientists gave the birds, listed as endangered in the state, an artificial wooden raft (筏子). This is one of the birds’ last toeholds in the state.
Every spring for the last three years, staff at the Maryland Coastal Bays Program (MCBP), have pulled the nesting raft into the water of Chincoteague Bay, a narrow slice of ocean situated between the state’s mainland and a chain of barrier islands. The bay was once rich with the kind of nesting habitat seabirds need: small sandy islands where predators (捕食者) are rare and bushes provide shade to flightless chicks on hot summer days. But over the last century, due to coastal development and sea level rise, those islands have disappeared. And so did the terns. By 2020, there were only 60 nesting pairs left.
Initially intended as a temporary solution, the rafts have not only stopped the common tern’s population decline — they’ve completely reversed it. In 2021, 23 pairs of tern s nested on the platform; in 2022, 155 sets of parents hatched 140 chicks.
Figuring out the formula for the birds’ success has been an ongoing process. Dave Brinker, a regional ecologist, says that observing the birds each year “helps us get more terns on the rafts.”
For example, during the first year the raft contained only some tiny wooden shelves intended to provide shade to the baby birds. But the adult terns used the chick shelters like fence lines, outlining their territory. “A natural habitat will have grass to provide that natural geographic separation,” Brinker says. “So the next year we added plastic grass to break up the visual landscape.”
While the nesting platform has become a life raft for the tern population, it remains a temporary solution. The team hopes ultimately to convince the state to rebuild the lost islands.
1. Why did scientists put the nesting raft into the water of Chincoteague Bay?A.The weather there is warmer. |
B.It is the only bay left for seabirds. |
C.There are visitors waiting to see terns. |
D.The environment is suitable for terns to produce. |
A.Recorded. | B.Changed. | C.Ended. | D.Employed. |
A.To introduce terns’ natural habitat. | B.To explain ecologists’ ongoing work. |
C.To point out the living habits of terns. | D.To show the construction of rafts. |
A.Terns in Maryland Are in Danger |
B.Various Measures Are Taken to Save Seabirds |
C.Threatened Seabirds Get a Life Raft in Maryland |
D.Rafts Are Becoming Terns’ Permanent Settlements |