Tomatoes were first planted in 700 AD by Aztecs and Incas. Explorers returning from Mexico introduced the tomato into Europe, where it was first mentioned in 1556. The French called it “the apple of love”,the Germans “the apple of paradise(乐园)”.
Tomatoes are rich in vitamins A and C and fiber,and are cholesterol(胆固醇)free. An average size tomato (148 grams or so) has only 35 calories. Furthermore, new medical research suggests that the consumption of lycopene(番茄红素) ,the stuff that makes tomatoes red,may prevent cancer. Besides, the fruit now appears to have two more health giving benefits. Protection against sunburn and helping keep the skin looking youthful are the latest pluses, a study has found.
Professor Mark Birch-Machin said tomatoes could provide a cheap and easy way of improving health. Researchers at Manchester and Newcastle universities recommend two tomato-based meals a day for health. Possible menus include a glass of tomato juice with breakfast and a salad later or tomato soup for lunch and pasta(意大利面)with a tomato sauce for dinner.
To test the fruit’s ability to protect the skin,ten volunteers were asked to eat five tablespoons of tomato paste mixed with olive oil every day for three months. Another ten had a daily dose of olive oil - minus the tomato paste. The tests showed the tomato-eaters were a third better protected against sunburn at the end of the study than at the start, the British Society for Investigative Dermatology’s annual conference heard.
The researchers stressed, however, that their findings were not an excuse to throw away the sun cream. Professor Lesley Rhodes, a Manchester University dermatologist, said: “People should not think tomatoes in any way can replace sun creams but they may be a good additive.”
1. Why does the writer talk about the history of tomatoes in Paragraph 1?A.To lead in the topic. | B.To raise a concern. |
C.To introduce a question. | D.To make a statement. |
A.The components of tomatoes. | B.The benefits of tomatoes. |
C.The latest findings of tomatoes. | D.The functions of tomatoes on patients. |
A.Eating more tomatoes. | B.Using more sun cream. |
C.Staying inside as often as possible. | D.Using sun cream and eating tomatoes. |
A.By giving an example. | B.By setting up a database. |
C.By making a comparison. | D.By analyzing possible reasons. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Milk, it comes from cows, right? Well, not all the milk you see on supermarket shelves is from cows. These days we see many plant-based alternatives to dairy, such as oat, pea and soya milk. But why would someone stop drinking their full-fat, semi-skimmed or skimmed cow’s milk and trade it for one of these? There are many reasons why someone might try alternative milks.
Some people believe the alternatives are healthier than milk from cows. Those with lactose(乳糖) intolerance or thinking about becoming vegan might start drinking alternative milks. Also, concerns about the impact of dairy farming on the environment could be a factor. Whatever the reason, there are many alternatives to dairy out there for us to consume. But what are the differences between these other options and regular cow’s milk? Soya milk is one common alternative. According to some sources, such as healthline.com, it contains a similar amount of protein to regular milk. It is also lower in calories than some cow’s milk, which could be good for those on a diet, and often comes strengthened with things like calcium and various vitamins.
So, all good? Well, soya, according to foodallergy.org, is one of the nine foods which cause the majority of allergic reactions, such as lactose intolerance and nut allergy. Almond milk is a low-calorie, low-fat drink and is naturally lactose free and has a slight nutty taste. When unsweetened, it also has lower levels of carbohydrates and sugars than some dairy options. However, even when strengthened, it doesn’t provide the levels of protein seen in soya or regular milk. Then there’s coconut milk, which is low in calories and may affect people with lactose intolerance as much as other options, but is lacking in protein.
Whichever plant-based milk you choose, there are positives and negatives. Dieticians agree the most important thing is getting a healthy balanced diet which won’t trigger any allergies and comes with all the minerals and vitamins you need. And at the end of the day, it may just come down to which one you think tastes better.
1. What is the purpose of the question at the very beginning?A.To state a wrong belief. | B.To introduce the main topic. |
C.To express the writer’s doubt. | D.To ask for an immediate answer. |
A.Farming technology. | B.Allergy symptoms. |
C.Weight control. | D.Taste preferences. |
A.Soya milk. | B.Almond milk. | C.Coconut milk. | D.Regular milk. |
A.Returning to cow milk. | B.Making use of alternative milks. |
C.Calculating mineral and vitamin content. | D.Combining nutrition facts with taste buds. |
【推荐2】In late June, the US government agreed to allow two companies Upside Foods and Good Mo. to sell chicken meat that has been grown in a lab. That makes the US the second country to approve (批准) lab-grown chicken.
Unlike normal chicken meat, lab-grown meat isn’t created by raising and killing chickens. Instead, it’s a meat product developed from animal cells (细胞) that are grown in a lab.
The first cells come from live animals. Scientists have known for a long time how to keep living cells alive and grow them in a lab. In this case, they choose cells that can grow quickly and will have good taste. The cells are grown inside a “cultivation (培植) room”, where they’re fed with everything they need to grow. In a few weeks, the cells grow into sheets of meat. The companies then form this meat into more familiar shapes that can be cooked and sold
The lab-grown meat is better for the environment than meat from animals. Raising animals for food uses plenty of land and water. It also creates a lot of pollution. Lab-grown meat can also help out in other ways. For one thing, raising animals for food is very hard on animals. They are often kept in small spaces, and are treated badly.
Since lab-grown meat is made from animal cells, it is very hard to tell it apart from actual meat. It looks, smells, and tastes like chicken. However, many people aren’t too interested in lab-grown meat. Lots of people believe that it just sounds strange.
Right now, the lab-grown meat is far more expensive than meat from animals. Now that the companies have been approved, they have the huge challenge of figuring out how to make much more meat far more cheaply. The two companies say the lab-grown meat will mainly be served in high-end restaurants. It will probably be a long time before you’ll be able to buy lab-grown chicken in stores
1. What makes the development of lab-grown meat possible?A.Scientists can grow and feed living cells in a lab. | B.Customers prefer meat grown from animal cells. |
C.Researchers provide better food for animals. | D.Animals are much easier to be raised indoors. |
A.It’s helpful to cut costs. | B.It creates lots of pollution. |
C.It causes animals to suffer. | D.It’s environment-friendly. |
A.They fail to collect enough animal cells. | B.It’s difficult to produce delicious meat. |
C.Customers dislike the lab-grown meat. | D.It takes a long time to get final approval. |
A.Actual Meat Still Remains People’s First Choice | B.Scientists Manage to Turn Cells into Tasty Meat |
C.The US Approved Meat Grown from Animal Cells | D. Lab-grown Chicken Will be on the Market Soon |
【推荐3】This is going to sound weird, but I want you to look closely for a moment at your thumbs. See how they bend flexibly forwards as well as back. The human thumb is not just a device for giving the thumbs-up sign or for picking up dropped keys. It is also one of the most efficient and sensitive tools in existence for determining the ripeness of fruit.
However, most of us don’t use them that way anymore. One of the most striking things about eating in the modern world is that we act as if we were sense-blind. Our noses can distinguish fresh milk from sour milk, and yet we prefer to look at the use-by date rather than sniffing. Senses, wrote the late anthropologist Jack Goody, are “our windows on the world” —the main tools through which humans acquire information about our environments.
But today, we have yielded many of the functions of our own senses to the modern food industry — which suits that industry just fine. A survey of 7,000 young people in 2011 found that most of them would be hypothetically (假设地) prepared to give up their sense of smell if it meant that they could keep their laptop or phone.
In reality, it is not easy to live without a sense of smell. According to the survey data produced by Fifth Sense, more than half of the respondents having smell loss said that cooking had become a source of stress and anxiety because they could no longer experience the joy of trying new recipes, and could not easily tell when something was burned, which even increases feelings of loneliness and depression and leads to the breakdown of relationships.
No human activity is more multi-sensory than eating, but to eat in the modern world is often to eat in a state of profound sensory disengagement. We order groceries on a computer, or takeaways on a phone, and they arrive wrapped in plastic, so that we can neither smell them nor see them before we take the first mouthful.
1. In which way we mostly don’t use our thumbs according to the author?A.Squeeze a fig. | B.Push a button. | C.Hold a fork. | D.Pick a key. |
A.To show the addiction to the Internet. |
B.To focus on the senseless young people. |
C.To highlight the ignorance about senses. |
D.To introduce a popular and modern lifestyle. |
A.Daily troubles of sense loss. | B.An uneasy world without senses. |
C.Mental concerns about sense loss. | D.The robbed pleasure of cooking food. |
A.A fast-paced modern lifestyle. | B.Lessening interests about food. |
C.The development of computers. | D.The convenient packaging technology. |
【推荐1】Do you want to make a difference in your community? The Verizon App Challenge can get you started. The first step is to think of a problem in your community. The next step is to create an app that can solve the problem.
Groups of five to seven students in middle school or high school, led by a teacher, can enter the contest. First,teams will compete on a local level. Teams that make it to the next round receive $5,000 for their schools. Finalists present their app ideas to judges in a live web conference. Next, the judges pick national winners. The top eight teams receive an additional $15,000 for their schools, and each team member receives a Samsung tablet. Plus, the winning teams get the chance to bring their app to life.
A group of six girls from Los Frenos, Texas won the second annual Verizon App Challenge. They came up with the Hello Navi app concept, short for “hello navigation”. The app was designed to help visually impaired (受损的) students navigate (导航) their school.
Do you have an app idea that could help solve a local issue? The deadline to register is November 24. Find more information and register your team at verizonfoundation.org/appchallenge.
Here are some tips from the Verizon Foundation to get you started:
• Get your team together for a brainstorm meeting. Write out all the ideas that come to mind.
• Don't ignore challenges. Accept the idea that you can solve a problem that exists in your community.
• Ask family, friends and people in your community to share their thoughts about problems that they want to see solved.
1. If you want to take part in the Verizon App Challenge, you must ___________.A.design a problem-solving app |
B.bring the app you created to life |
C.work together with seven classmates |
D.present convincing views on a local issue |
A.It was first made public in Texas. |
B.It won the second prize in the last Verizon App Challenge. |
C.It mainly benefited those with poor sense of direction. |
D.It aimed to help those with poor eyesight. |
A.To promote a problem-solving app. |
B.To call on more students to enter the contest. |
C.To share some efficient ways of solving problems. |
D.To introduce how to contribute to your community. |
【推荐2】In many societies, there is often greater acceptance of light skin than dark skin. Light skin may be seen as a mark of beauty, intelligence and success. These beliefs can lead to social pressures even within the same racial group, if some members are darker skinned than others.
The result is that skin lightening has become a common activity across Africa, Asia and other areas of the world. More and more people with dark skin are using skin-lightening products, even if it means they may face health risks.
They believe that having whiter skin will improve their lives. Many people think they will have a better chance of getting a job or marrying into a better family. Or they want to look like what their society generally considers beautiful.
Some beauty care products and soaps contain chemicals that make skin lighter. But some of the chemicals are extremely dangerous. One of the most dangerous is hydroquinone. It has been linked to kidney damage and some kinds of cancer. It also causes low birth weight in babies when mothers use it during pregnancy (怀孕).
At first, such products make the skin color lighter. But after long-term use, they can cause problems. They could even make some skin darker.
The chemicals in the products block and break down the natural process that gives color to skin. The skin loses its natural barrier to protect against sunlight. Then the skin can become thick and discolored. Usually the person will use more of the product in an effort to correct the problem, but this only makes it worse.
Fatimata Ly treats skin conditions in Dakar. Doctor Ly says skin lightening has become a big problem. She says the chemicals are now more dangerous because they are stronger. Some cases have resulted in blackened fingernails, infections and permanent (永久性的) skin damage.
And these are not the only risks. Experts say some people who change their skin color suffer emotional damage. They feel regret and sadness. They feel that instead of risking their health, they should have learned to love and accept their skin color as it was.
1. Why do people in many societies accept light skin?A.They hold the belief that it promises a better life. |
B.They believe it is a sign of one’s sound condition. |
C.They think it can make them much more intelligent. |
D.They find it is the only chance for a perfect job. |
A.emotional damage | B.some cancer |
C.skin damage | D.social pressures |
A.The Common Beliefs in Beauty. | B.The Popularity of Skin Lightening. |
C.The Dangerous Beauty Care Products. | D.The Dark Side of Skin Lightening. |
【推荐3】Bats are mammals which give birth to live young and produce milk to feed them. Over sixty different kinds occur in Australia. Most eat insects, but eight feed only on flowers and fruit, and are known as fruit-bats or flying-foxes. Four of these are among the world's largest bats. They may weigh up to one kilogram and their wings may span(跨越)more than a meter.
The favorite food of flying-foxes is the blossom of eucalypts(桉树)and some other native trees, and various bush fruits. The bats are beneficial to the trees because they act as pollinators(传粉者)and dispersers(扩散器)of their seeds. The great distances they can fly means they carry pollen and seeds far from the parent tree.
Camps are places where the large flying-foxes gather during the day, sometimes in many thousands. Along the coast they may be in mangroves(红树林),further inland they are often in deep rainforests, and west of the Dividing Range they are usually along water-courses. Their location may be known only to a few local people. The same campsites tend to be used year after year, although not necessarily every year, or all year round.
Damage to cultivated fruit varies greatly from one year to the next and between different areas. The factors controlling it are not well understood. Some areas rarely experience attacks, others do so most years, Widespread shortages of natural food, such as those occur during droughts, may cause large numbers of animals to move well beyond their usual range in search of food. This applies particularly to Little Red Flying-foxes, which occur further inland than the other species.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.The weight of bats. | B.The usual size of bats. |
C.The main food of bats. | D.The species of bats. |
A.They eat nothing but fruits. | B.They prefer fruit to flowers. |
C.They are also known as fruit-bats. | D.They are known as the largest bats. |
A.they eat harmful insects |
B.they help trees to grow abundantly |
C.they keep many native trees free of disease |
D.they act as cleaners for trees and flowers |
A.live in groups in the daytime | B.camp in places where there are no water |
C.prefer mangroves to rainforests | D.camp in different places year after year |