In late June, the US government agreed to allow two companies Upside Foods and Good Mo. to sell chicken meat that has been grown in a lab. That makes the US the second country to approve (批准) lab-grown chicken.
Unlike normal chicken meat, lab-grown meat isn’t created by raising and killing chickens. Instead, it’s a meat product developed from animal cells (细胞) that are grown in a lab.
The first cells come from live animals. Scientists have known for a long time how to keep living cells alive and grow them in a lab. In this case, they choose cells that can grow quickly and will have good taste. The cells are grown inside a “cultivation (培植) room”, where they’re fed with everything they need to grow. In a few weeks, the cells grow into sheets of meat. The companies then form this meat into more familiar shapes that can be cooked and sold
The lab-grown meat is better for the environment than meat from animals. Raising animals for food uses plenty of land and water. It also creates a lot of pollution. Lab-grown meat can also help out in other ways. For one thing, raising animals for food is very hard on animals. They are often kept in small spaces, and are treated badly.
Since lab-grown meat is made from animal cells, it is very hard to tell it apart from actual meat. It looks, smells, and tastes like chicken. However, many people aren’t too interested in lab-grown meat. Lots of people believe that it just sounds strange.
Right now, the lab-grown meat is far more expensive than meat from animals. Now that the companies have been approved, they have the huge challenge of figuring out how to make much more meat far more cheaply. The two companies say the lab-grown meat will mainly be served in high-end restaurants. It will probably be a long time before you’ll be able to buy lab-grown chicken in stores
1. What makes the development of lab-grown meat possible?| A．Scientists can grow and feed living cells in a lab. | B．Customers prefer meat grown from animal cells. |
| C．Researchers provide better food for animals. | D．Animals are much easier to be raised indoors. |
| A．It’s helpful to cut costs. | B．It creates lots of pollution. |
| C．It causes animals to suffer. | D．It’s environment-friendly. |
| A．They fail to collect enough animal cells. | B．It’s difficult to produce delicious meat. |
| C．Customers dislike the lab-grown meat. | D．It takes a long time to get final approval. |
| A．Actual Meat Still Remains People’s First Choice | B．Scientists Manage to Turn Cells into Tasty Meat |
| C．The US Approved Meat Grown from Animal Cells | D． Lab-grown Chicken Will be on the Market Soon |
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【推荐1】Researchers studied data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, organised by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) in the United States and looked at the relationship between coupe of coffee drunk per day, and both total body fat percentage and abdominal or ‘trunk’ fat.
They found that women aged 20- 44 who drank two or three cups of coffee per day had the lowest levels of obesity, 3.4% lower than people who did not consume coffee. Among women aged between 45-69. those who drank four a more cups had an obesity percentage 4.1% lover.
Overall, the average total body fat percentage was 2.8% lower among women of all ages who drank two or three cups of coffee per day.
The findings were consistent whether the coffee consumed was caffeinated or decaffeinated and among smoker/non-smokers and those suffering from chronic diseases when compared to those in good health.
In men, the relationship was less significant although men aged 20-44 who drank two or three cups per day had 1.39% less total fat and 1.8% less trunk fat than those who did not consume coffee.
Around 7 million tons of coffee is consumed globally every year. Dr Lee Smith, Reader in Public Heath at Anglia Ruskin University and senior author of the study, said: “Our research suggests that there may be active compounds in coffee other than caffeine that manage weigh and which could potentially be used as anti-obesity compounds.”
“It could Le possible that coffee, or its effective ingredients could be integrated into a healthy diet strategy to reduce the burden of chronic conditions related to the obesity,” Dr Lee Smith added, “I is important o interpret the finding of this study in light of its limitations-the study was at a specific point in time so trends cannot be established. However, we don't believe that someone’s weight is likely to influence their coffee consumption.”
1. What in coffee mainly influences body fat according to Dr Lee Smith?| A．The caffeine. | B．The decaffeinated. |
| C．The effective compound. | D．The rich nutrition. |
| A．Coffee has less effect on men than women in fat according to the finding. |
| B．The women aged 20-44 like to drink two or three cups of coffee per day. |
| C．The researchers found that the coffee consumers preferred caffeinated coffee. |
| D．Trends will be established to limit people's weights by their coffee consumption. |
| A．A diary. | B．A guidebook. | C．A novel. | D．A magazine. |
| A．Chronic Diseases Related to the Obesity | B．Coffee Linked to Lower Body Fat |
| C．Coffee Related to Heart Disease | D．Study Discloses the Benefits of Coffee |
Where there has been coffee, there has been the coffeehouse. From the 15th century Middle Eastern establishments where men gathered to listen to music, play chess, and hear recitations from works of literature, to Paris' Cafe le Procope where luminaries of the French Enlightenment such as Voltaire, Rousseau, and Diderot came to enjoy a hot cup of joe, coffeehouses have traditionally served as centers of social interaction, places where people can come to relax, chat, and exchange ideas.
The modern coffee shop is modeled on the espresso and pastry-centered Italian coffeehouses that arose with the establishment of Italian-American immigrant communities in major US cities such as New York City's Little Italy and Greenwich Village, Boston's North End, and San Francisco's North Beach. New York coffee shops were often frequented by the Beats in the 1950's. It wasn't long before Seattle and other parts of the Pacific Northwest were developing coffee shops as part of a thriving counterculture scene. The Seattle-based Starbucks took this model and brought it into mainstream culture.
Although coffeehouses today continue to serve their traditional purpose as lively social hubs in many communities, they have noticeably adapted to the times. Rediscovering their purpose as centers of information exchange and communication, many coffee shops now provide their customers with internet access and newspapers. It has become extremely common to see someone sitting at a Starbucks listening to music or surfing the web on his or her laptop. Coffee stores today also maintain a fairly identifiable, yet unique aesthetic: wooden furniture and plush couches, paintings and murals drawn on walls, and soft-lighting combine to give coffee shops the cozy feeling of a home away from home.
Today, big business retail coffee shops are expanding quickly all over the world. Starbucks alone has stores in over 40 countries and plans to add more. Despite its popularity, Starbucks has been criticized and labeled by many as a blood-sucking corporate machine, driving smaller coffee shops out of business through unfair practices. This has even spawned an anti-corporate coffee counterculture, with those subscribing to this culture boycotting big business coffee chains. Increasingly popular coffee stores such as The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf are also giving Starbucks some stiff competition. In any case, it seems pretty clear that coffee has weaved itself into the fabric of our consumer-oriented culture.
1. Which of the following is the correct order of coffee spreading in history?
①Egypt ②America ③the Middle East ④Netherlands ⑤Venice
| A．①③④②⑤ | B．③①⑤④② | C．①⑤④③② | D．③②⑤④① |
| A．Starbucks has beaten all the competitors |
| B．there are no changes in the development of coffee culture |
| C．the taste of coffee has changed a lot |
| D．Starbucks has some effect on the development of coffee culture |
| A．Seattle | B．Ethiopia | C．Java | D．France |
| A．play chess with other customers |
| B．enjoy delicious dishes from South America |
| C．surf the internet |
| D．watch a TV play |
【推荐3】Lemon water is pretty popular. It’s offered as a free upgrade to regular water at pretty many restaurants.
Easier weight loss
Studies in mice indicate that the antioxidants(抗氧化剂) in lemons can reduce weight gain despite a high-fat diet. More studies are needed to determine if the results can be applied to humans, but anecdotal evidence is favorable. People who drink lemon water regularly report easier weight loss, though it is unclear if the combination of lemon and water is the fundamental driver.
Get enough vitamin C
Vitamin C is an important antioxidant that has a ton of health benefits. It can only be gotten from food as our bodies don’t produce it alone. Getting your RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) of vitamin C can lower the risk of heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure. Vitamin C is good for your skin and bonds with free radicals (自由电子) that accelerate aging.
Stabilized moods
Studies have found that smelling lemon scent reduces stress hormones that regulate mood. Drinking lemon water offers this benefit as well as the vitamins and potassium(钾) in the fruit.
In the end, drinking water is never a bad call, and there is absolutely no reason not to add lemon to it. Drinking lemon water provides some helpful nutrients and antioxidants. Give it a try!
| A．Lemon is a common smell in all manner of cleaning products |
| B．Potassium plays a huge part in regulating blood pressure |
| C．There is nothing to lose |
| D．Lemons aren’t the highest in vitamin C |
| E．While some people drink it simply because of its taste |
| F．If adding lemon to water can encourage people to drink more |
| G．It could be that drinking more water helps dieters to feel full and avoid overeating |
【推荐1】Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees and profits of over $2 million per year. He’s never late to work. He does not get upset on the job. When one of his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her, Travis took her away. “Your working uniform is your shelter,” he told her. “Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will always be as strong as you want to be.”
Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses, an education program that began on his first day and continues throughout an employee’s occupation. The training has, Travis says, changed his life. G&G has taught him how to live, how to focus, how to get to work on time, and how to master his emotions. Most importantly, it taught him willpower.
At the center of that education is an extreme focus on an all-important habit: willpower. Dozens of cases show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person’s success.
And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit. “Sometimes it looks like people with great self-control aren’t working hard—but that’s because they’ve made it automatic,” Angela Duckworth, one of the University of Pennsylvania researchers said. “Their willpower occurs without them having to think about it.”
The company spent millions of dollars developing programs of study to train employees on self-control. Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willpower a habit in workers’ lives. Those courses are, in part, why G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more than $10 billion a year.
1. We learn from Paragraph 2 that employees in G&G must ________.| A．attend education programs |
| B．learn to give lectures |
| C．design a working uniform |
| D．develop a common hobby |
| A．focus on the profits |
| B．control their feeling well |
| C．protect themselves well |
| D．benefit from the job |
| A．G&G has grown into a large company. |
| B．G&G will spend half its profits training employees. |
| C．G&G may become more successful in the future. |
| D．G&G has to produce more workbooks for managers. |
【推荐2】Many adults rely on caffeine to get them through the day. But that’s the last thing kids need, according to the governments of England and South Korea.
England woke up to the news that the government is preparing to ban the sale of energy drinks like Red Bull to children.
The ban only applies to England, but Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland can all follow suit if their administrations wish. In March, several major supermarket chains announced they would ban the sale of energy drinks to children under 16. Meanwhile, South Korea announced plans to ban the sale of coffee in schools by September 14.
The first reason for the ban is the high level of caffeine in the energy drinks, which has been linked to health problems for children, including head and stomach aches, as well as sleep problems.
A 250ml can of Red Bull contains about 80mg of caffeine, roughly the same as a similarly sized cup of coffee, but three times the level of Coca-Cola. Monster Energy, which is often sold in larger cans of 500ml, contains 160mg of caffeine.
Energy drinks often also have higher levels of sugar than soft drinks. Sugared energy drinks have 60% more calories and 65% more sugar than normal soft drinks and sugar is one of the largest causes of obesity (肥胖症).
British national official for education, Darren Northcott, described the drinks as “legal highs” that helped to fuel bad behavior in schools.
In addition to limiting kids’ access to caffeine and energy drinks, the South Korean government has also banned TV commercials for fast food, sugary snacks and high-caffeine beverages during times when most children’s programs air.
South Koreans drink an average of 181 cups of coffee a year, by far the most in Asia. That is more than the 151 consumed per person in the UK but less than the average of 266 cups in the US.
1. Which country will be the first to ban the sale of energy drinks to children under 16?| A．Scotland. | B．Japan. | C．the US. | D．England. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Negative. | C．Indifferent. | D．Optimistic. |
| A．England and South Korea Ban Caffeine for Kids |
| B．Energy Drinks Lead to Health Problems for Kids |
| C．Red Bull Says Goodbye to Kids |
| D．Caffeine in Energy Drinks Comes in |
【推荐3】Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal – or at least many parts of it have.
In the past, the working-class tended to be paid less than middle-class people. The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, it was widely believed, having given his wife her "housekeeping", would go out and squander the rest on beer and betting.
The old style of what a middle-class man did with his money was perhaps nearer the truth. He was-and still is - inclined to take a longer-term view. Not only did he regard buying a house as a most important thing, but he also considered the education of his children as extremely important.
| A．Nowadays, a great deal has changed |
| B．Both of these provided him and his family with security |
| C．As a result, differences in life – styles and attitudes came into existence |
| D．However, we still have a wide gap between the well – paid and the low - paid |
| E．In recent years, the working – class people have begun to design long – term plans |
| F．In some ways, however, very little has changed, particularly where attitudes are concerned |
| G．The changes in both life – styles and attitudes are probably most easily seen among younger people |
【推荐1】The most popular of the amusement parks in Canada is Paramount Canada’s Wonderland. This park frequenty gets the most visitors of any seasonal park in North America. One reason is its numbers of wild rides. For younger kids, the television characters are very exciting. You can see Fred Flinstone, Sponge Bob Square Pants or Dora the Explorer. There are often rides starring these characters that are more popular among primary school student. There are plenty of fantastic shows for families to watch as well. What’s more, there are a variety of theme parties before midnight.
Another popular theme park is Galaxyland Amusement Park. Amusement park’s fun shouldn’t be limited to just the summer months, and Galaxyland is aware of this. As the world’s largest indoor amusement park, Galaxyland packs in it 25 breathtaking rides and attractions. It is also home to one of the world’s largest indoor rollercoasters. Galaxyland remains one of the most popular theme parks in Canada for older children because of attractions like the Rock “N” Ride Dance Party. This party combines music, music videos and unlimited rides from 8 p.m. to midnight.
One of the most visited amusement parks in Canada on the west coast is Playland. Playland, unlike other Canadian theme parks, has a long history in its city. Playland has all the fun of a carnival, with singing and dancing, scary houses, and a ferris wheel. There are also modern additions in the park, like a climbing wall for kids and a video game room. Playland is open from spring through fall though only on weekends and holidays before June 18 and after September 1st.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about Paramount Canada’s Wonderland?| A．It is the largest seasonal park in Canada. |
| B．It offers many interesting performances to visitors. |
| C．Its rides star many characters popular among teenagers. |
| D．It has the biggest number of visitors of all the Canadian parks. |
| A．They all have attractions for children. | B．They all open throughout the year. |
| C．They all have parties. | D．They are all outdoor parks. |
| A．encourage people to travel in Canada |
| B．compare different theme parks in Canada |
| C．introduce some popular Canadian theme parks |
| D．offer some tips on visiting theme parks in Canada |
【推荐2】When we’re solving a complicated problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm. We’re looking to get the best ideas as quickly as possible. I love seeing it happen — except for one tiny wrinkle. Group brainstorming usually backfires.
Extensive evidence shows that when we generate ideas together, we’re unlikely to maximize collective intelligence. As the humourist John Smith said, “If you had to identify, in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be: ‘meetings’.” But the problem isn’t meetings themselves — it’s how we run them.
Think about the brainstorming sessions you’ve attended. You’ve probably seen people bite their tongues due to ego threat (“I don’t want to look stupid.”), noise (“We can’t all talk at once.”), and conformity pressure (“Let’s all jump on the boss’s ship!”). Goodbye diversity of thought, hello groupthink.
To unearth the hidden potential in teams, instead of brainstorming, we’re better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”. The initial steps are solo. You start by asking everyone to generate ideas separately. Next, you pool them and share them among the group. To preserve independent judgment, each member evaluates them on their own. Only then does the team come together to select and refine the most promising options. By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing them, teams can surface and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise.
Research by organizational behaviour scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works. They find that a key to collective intelligence is full and fair participation. In brainstorming meetings, it’s too easy for participation to become lopsided in favour of the biggest egos, the loudest voices, and the most powerful people. The brainwriting process makes sure that all ideas are brought to the table and all voice s are brought into the conversation. The goal isn’t to be the smartest person in the room — it’s to make the room smarter.
Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity. But it doesn’t end there. Individuals produce a greater volume and variety of novel ideas when they work alone. That means that they come up with more brilliant ideas than groups — but also more terrible ideas than groups. It takes collective judgment to find the signal in the noise and bring the best ideas to fruition.
1. Both John Smith and the author may agree that brainstorming meetings fail to ______.| A．assess humans potential | B．simplify problems quickly |
| C．accept possible good ideas | D．get the most out of individuals |
| A．Informal. | B．Unbalanced. | C．Improper. | D．Unpleasant. |
| A．challenge a conclusion | B．make a comparison |
| C．advocate a practice | D．introduce a research |
Actually, the term has nothing to do with the French palace nor with literature. It came from The Rose of Versailles, a Japanese manga series about noble life at the palace of Versailles in France in the late 18th century, and was coined by a Chinese influencer earlier this year. Known as humblebragging, it is a boast disguised as a complaint. “I have too many houses. How can I decide which one to decorate?” and “I thought I lost weight this morning. So disappointed when I realized it was because I took off the huge diamond ring my boyfriend gave me last night” are some examples of Versailles literature. The intention is to show off—usually things of materialistic values, yet one ought to pretend that’s not the point.
As English author Jane Austen famously wrote, “Nothing is more deceitful than the appearance of humility.” The psychology behind humblebragging is to be recognized for one’s successes and be liked by others at the same time, according to scholars. In the article Why do people hate humblebragging? , psychologist Dr. Susan noted that humblebragging is a “strategy in pursuit of respect” because it draws attention to one’s achievements in a circuitous way.
However, studies on social media users show that humblebragging as a self-promotion strategy doesn’t work. In the essay Humblebragging: A distinct and ineffective self-presentation strategy, the researcher Ovul Sezer and Harvard University scholars Francesca and Michael concluded that humblebraggers are perceived more negatively than straight braggers due to the former’s insincerity. “The critical factor differentiating the two groups of people is sincerity. People don’t like braggers, but they at least see them as more sincere than humblebraggers,” said Francesca Gino.
So, how can we annoy humblebraggers back? “Just pretend you don’t get whatever it is they try to show off,” a netizen advised. “And respond with sincere sympathy for their complaints.”
1. Which of the following statements is typical of “Versailles literature”?| A．It’s a headache how to make my son tidy up his room regularly. |
| B．You know who my father is? My father is Li Gang. |
| C．I’m fed up with living in the countryside with no shopping malls around. |
| D．Got five offers to date. I’m at a loss which to choose. |
| A．To win others’ sympathy. | B．To mask his/her complaint. |
| C．To earn others’ admiration. | D．To show his/her sincerity. |
| A．Indefinite. | B．Roundabout. | C．Straightforward. | D．Double-edged. |
| A．Braggers are relatively more sincere than humblebraggers. |
| B．Humblebragging is an artificial appearance of being humble. |
| C．To respond with real sympathy will discourage humblebraggers. |
| D．Avoid using Versailles literature and you’ll be perceived positively. |
| A．Leave it alone. | B．Get to the root of it. | C．Follow it up. | D．Turn against it. |
