You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams (1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907-1964)
If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)
When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913-2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.
1. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?| A．Her social work. | B．Her teaching skills. |
| C．Her efforts to win a prize. | D．Her community background. |
| A．Jane Addams. | B．Rachel Carson. |
| C．Sandra Day O’Connor. | D．Rosa Parks. |
| A．They receive higher education. | B．They are truly creative. |
| C．They make great achievements. | D．They are peace-lovers. |
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【推荐1】JANE GOODALL has achieved an incredible amount in her life. At the age of 26, she began to watch chimps(黑猩猩) in the wild. Years of much patience has paid off. As a researcher, she has changed our understanding of chimps—highly intelligent animals with unique cultures and tight family bonds. As a conservationist, she has encouraged generations of activists.
A new documentary, Jane Goodall: The Hope, features footage spanning more than seven decades, including her early chimp work. The film picks up where the 2017 documentary Jane ended, focusing more on Goodall’s shift to environmental activism.
“We’ve stopped actually following the chimps in our studies, and just have one person a day to monitor them .” She says in the film. She thinks this pandemic is waking people up. The impact of environmental destruction has been brought into focus by the covid-19 outbreak, she says, as a result of practices that bring different species into closer proximity with each other, creating opportunities for viruses to jump from animals to humans.
Before the covid-19 pandemic shut borders, Goodall was travelling 300 days of the year, giving talks to packed theaters and meeting thousands of school children through her youth programme, Roots & Shoots, which runs in more than 60 countries.
“Wherever I go there are young people with shining eyes wanting to tell Dr Jane what they’re doing to make this a better world.” she says.“They’re influencing their parents and grandparents. Some of their parents may be in government; some of them may be in big corporations.”
Her message, one The Hope conveys clearly, is of the promise of collective action.“Hope depends on our taking action together soon. All of us, every single one of us, we’ve all got to do our bit.”
1. Which of the following may agree with what Jane understands?| A．Humans have family ties with chimps. |
| B．Viruses spread from humans to animals. |
| C．Chimps have the culture of their own. |
| D．Species are easily separated by the covid-19. |
| A．Uncaring. | B．Appreciative. |
| C．Serious. | D．Disappointed. |
| A．She will quit researching on chimps. |
| B．The young people will achieve her hope. |
| C．She plans to film the next documentary. |
| D．More people will join in environmental action. |
| A．The Youth Programme | B．Remaining Hopeful |
| C．Shifting Roles | D．A New Documentary |
【推荐2】Our university provides an extensive range of courses for undergraduates and graduate students, including BA and PhD programs, as well as the opportunity to pursue a minor in creative writing. Our curriculum offers a wide variety of educational options to suit diverse academic interests and career goals.
Writing the musical book
Study and create the dramatic text of musical theater. The course starts with a grounding in the basics of text writing by studying outstanding examples of book writing, from Arthur Laurent’s Gypsy to Brian Yorkey's Pulitzer-winning Next To Normal. Students write a series of short scenes (5-10 pages) to be read aloud and critiqued (评判) in class, with the ultimate goal of completing an original or adapted book for a one-act musical (30-60 pages).
Introduction to creative writing
Learning to write creatively is like learning to sing, in that the writer is being her own instrument. The writer’s specific sensibility and especial competencies determine the range of excellence that the writer can comfortably operate in.
This course will focus on three genres: poetry, creative non-fiction, and fiction. More particularly, the course will focus on the sonnet, the profile, and the short story. Each section will feed into the next: the stanza (诗节) preparing us for the paragraph, and the interview leading into third person point-of-view.
Because learning to write creatively involves developing a form of muscle memory, there will be almost daily writing exercises. There will also be, and equally importantly, a daily writer’s diary of the experience of performing the exercise.
Duke in London: Arts
This course surveys London as a site of dynamic cultural production, whose participation in the global marketplace of artistic commodities (商品) reveals the city’s restlessly transnational, worldwide character. Studying local institutions, students are introduced to the complex relationship among art, state, and the global cultural marketplace. Students also participate in trips including dance, opera, and theater productions and visits to museums and other sites of cultural importance.
Understanding Film and Media
This course takes students through a critical exploration of the global film industry and various media platforms. Students will study film production, global media history, and socio-political impacts of films and media. The course will also touch upon the evolving aspects of media, including digital media, online platforms, and their economical and cultural impact.
1. What do the first and second courses have in common?| A．They both give students daily writing exercises. |
| B．They both encourage students to learn step by step. |
| C．They both ask students to adapt books for musicals. |
| D．They both require students to read their stories in class. |
| A．Poetry, creative non-fiction, and film script. |
| B．Musical, creative non-fiction, and fiction. |
| C．Poetry, creative non-fiction, and fiction. |
| D．Poetry, modern drama, and fiction. |
| A．Developing daily writing habits. |
| B．Focus on completing an original book. |
| C．Writing and analyzing a series of short scenes. |
| D．Exploring the relationship between art and state. |
| A．It cultivates students' writing skills. |
| B．It offers students different ways to learn. |
| C．It focuses on the history of London's art scene. |
| D．It introduces a virtual tour of London's attractions. |
| A．The technical aspects of filmmaking. |
| B．The historical development of global cinema. |
| C．The study of media-related law and regulations. |
| D．The critical exploration of global film and media platforms. |
【推荐3】Imagine driving behind a huge truck shooting clouds of smoke into the air while your new fully electric vehicle cleans up its carbon emissions (排放). This dream may soon be a reality. A team of students in the Netherlands has created an electric car that not only doesn’t produce carbon dioxide when driving, but actually pulls it out of the air.
The two-seater sports car was designed and built in less than a year by a team of 32 students at Eindhoven University of Technology. Called “ZEM”, which stands for “zero emission mobility”, the car is equipped with special devices that remove carbon dioxide from the air as it drives. The team says if ZEM is driven about 32,000 kilometers, it can remove 2 kilograms of carbon dioxide from the air. That’s not a huge amount. The team calculates that 10 ZEM cars on the road for a year would remove as much carbon dioxide as a typical tree does during that time. However, they also point out that there are over a billion passenger cars in the world that could be using this technology. And if a billion cars were removing carbon dioxide instead of producing it, the result would be huge.
ZEM also has several other innovations that help to make it more capable of being sustained: the car’s frame and panels (面板) are 3D printed to reduce waste; it was built using recycled and recyclable materials; and it can be easily taken apart so that many of its parts can be reused. ZEM’s battery is also reusable, and has another handy feature: it can be charged with solar panels on the car’s roof—and can even be used to provide power to your house when the car isn’t on the road.
According to the statistics, transportation was responsible for over 20% of global carbon dioxide emissions in 2020—and of those emissions, cars were responsible for 41%. The Eindhoven team says its goal is to challenge the electric car industry: If 32 students can build a car like this in less than a year, then surely car manufacturers (生产商) are expected to adopt these innovations, too.
1. What is special about ZEM?| A．It can end the world’s CO2 release. |
| B．It can cut the truck’s CO2 emissions. |
| C．It can reduce the level of CO2 in the air. |
| D．It can absorb dirty air as well as CO2. |
| A．To demonstrate a superb vision of ZEM cars. |
| B．To explain how ZEM removes CO2 as trees do. |
| C．To illustrate the ongoing change in car making. |
| D．To show the influence of ZEM on the car market. |
| A．They are of high quality. | B．They are easy to process. |
| C．They are convenient to print. | D．They are environmentally friendly. |
| A．Sharp decline in fuel consumption. | B．Mass production of ZEM cars. |
| C．Big success in beating other car makers. | D．Dramatic changes in transportation. |
【推荐1】Educator and civil rights activist Mary McLeod Bethune will soon make history as the first black person to have a statue in the U. S. Capitol’s Statuary Hall, when her statue replaces that of a general.
Bethune, the daughter of formerly enslaved people, was an influential educator and activist who founded the National Council of Negro Women, advised multiple U. S. presidents and created a boarding school for black children that would later become Bethune-Cookman University in Daytona Beach.
The 11-foot statue weighs more than 6,000 1bs…It was created by artist Nilda Comas, who was chosen from a field of 1,600 applicants and is the first Hispanic master sculptor to create a statue for the National Statuary Hall State Collection. Before she started sculpting, Comas conducted a four-year thorough research, which she called “a beautiful journey.”
The statue features Bethune wearing a cap and long dress and a pearl necklace, holding a black rose in one hand and a walking stick in the other. She’s standing in front of a pile of books, with a warm smile and what one local reporter described as eyes that “register wisdom kindness.”
The base of the statue is inscribed(铭刻)with her name, her home state, birth and death dates, as well as one of her most famous quotes, “Invest in the human soul. Who knows, it may be a diamond in the rough.”
The black rose represents Bethune’s work in education, as well as her belief that “loving thy neighbor” required interracial, inter-religious and international brotherhood, according to a nonprofit organization.
“Although there is no species of flower called a ‘black rose’, Dr. Bethune was attracted by beauty of a rose with a particular dark colour,” it explained. “These dark roses instantly became her favorite. She thereafter referred to her pupils as her ‘black roses’”
1. Why has Bethune’s statue been set up?| A．Because she offered much advice to US presidents. |
| B．Because she was the first black person to be a general. |
| C．Because she created the first university for black people. |
| D．Because she was a distinguished black educator and activist. |
| A．The size of the statue. | B．The research of the statue. |
| C．The creation of the statue. | D．The choosing of the sculptor. |
| A．Bethune’s famous·quotes. | B．Bethune’s devotion and faith. |
| C．Bethune’s wisdom and kindness. | D．Bethune’s investment and religion. |
| A．A shaper of human soul. | B．A founder of a nonprofit. |
| C．An 'educator for African women. | D．A builder of modern university. |
【推荐2】“Software developer at Unidays, international speaker and enthusiastic learner” is how Jess White describes herself on her blog. But it is not a path she’d originally planned to follow. After completing her psychology degree. White took a Master’s in neuro-science (神经科学), fully expecting an academic career. But after her interest was raised by the part of the course that involved coding (编码), she decided to take a Master’s course in computer science. She graduated with flying color.
Now 27, White hasn’t looked back. She joined Oakbrook Finance in Nottingham as a software developer, and stayed for two years, rounding off her time there by winning Rising Star of the Year at the 2018 Women in IT awards. At Unidays, a business offering discounts to students, she works as a back end developer in the maintenance team, “working on the systems and making them better”. It’s a job she loves. “It’s a challenge every day and you never get bored. There is always something to learn.” she says.
White believes that some graduates are put off technology careers because they don’t realize the range of jobs available, “A lot of people think tech is programing. But there’s also design product management—and everything in life is to do with tech these days. Whether it’s buying something with your cards or posting something on social media, you can’t really avoid it.”
A common misunderstanding, she says, is that IT is all about maths. “I’m terrible at maths and it scared the living daylights out of me when I started this because I thought I wouldn’t be able to do it,” In practice, it hasn’t been a problem, and she has found that there are a lot of creative elements in programing. Her psychology background has proved to be a bonus, enabling her to bring a different perspective to her work, particularly when she has to cooperate with user experience designers.
As for the future, White wants to learn as much as she can and become very strong in the area.
1. How many subjects has White learned?| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．Five. |
| A．Nothing is impossible because of technology. |
| B．More graduates are being attracted by technology. |
| C．Technology contributes to the development of economy. |
| D．We can’t live a life free from technology nowadaya. |
| A．Extra benefit. | B．Strong influence. |
| C．Unexpected challenge. | D．Satisfying income. |
| A．Jess White, a Dependable and Helpful 1ady. |
| B．Jess White, a Talented and Confident Programmer. |
| C．Jess White, a Curious and Knowledgeable Learner, |
| D．Jess White, a Hard-working and Proud Expert. |
【推荐3】Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani student and education activist who began speaking out for girls’ education at the age of 11. After surviving an assassination (暗杀) at the age of 15, she co-founded the Malala Fund with her father to create a world where girls everywhere could be educated without fear. Her fund supports every girl’s right to 12 years of free, safe, quality education and works mainly in countries such as Pakistan, Afghanistan, India and Nigeria.
Malala believes girls are the best investment (投资) in the future peace and further development of our world. It will never be a wrong choice to spend money on girls.
In 2014 the Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded Kailash Satyarthi and Malala Yousafzai the Nobel Peace Prize for their fight against the suppression (镇压) of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. Malala became the youngest-ever Nobel Peace Prize winner.
Accepting the award, Malala said, “This award is not just for me. It is for those forgotten children who want education. It is for those frightened children who want peace. It is for those voiceless children who want change. ”
In her new picture book, Malala’s Magic Pencil, Malala returns to her childhood to teach young readers about the importance of hope, believing in magic, and making the world a better place.
Malala’s first book, her personal life story co-written with Christina Lamb, I Am Malala: How One Girl Stood Up for Education and Changed the World, was published in 2013. She is also the subject of the 2015 film He Named Me Malala.
1. What’s the purpose of the Malala Fund?| A．To improve girls’ safety. | B．To get young girls to school. |
| C．To improve people’s living conditions. | D．To win women lifetime education rights. |
| A．They are quite good at making investments. |
| B．They are in greater need of peace than boys. |
| C．They will play an important role in the future. |
| D．They do more for the development of the world than boys. |
| A．She has a caring attitude. |
| B．She is satisfied with her education. |
| C．She feels powerless to change the world. |
| D．She will have more supporters in the coming years. |
| A．It teaches readers how to draw. | B．It was Malala’s first book. |
| C．It was a co-written book. | D．It spreads hope. |
| A．Friendliness and generosity. | B．Thankfulness and honesty. |
| C．Courage and helpfulness. | D．Trust and kindness. |
