When kids enjoy an activity, they want to do more of it. Practicing a skill improves their abilities and helps them feel confident, especially when the effort is noticed and praised. Toddlers (学步的儿童) and preschoolers should play actively several times a day. Children from 6 to 17 years of age should do 60 minutes or more of physical activity daily. This can include free play at home and P.E. at school.
Preschoolers need play and exercise that help them continue to develop important motor skills—kicking or throwing a ball, playing tag or riding a bike with training wheels. Although some sports leagues may be open to kids as young as 4, organized team sports are not recommended until they’re a little older. Preschoolers can’t understand complex rules and often lack the attention span (持续时间) and skills needed to play sports. Instead of playing on a team, they can work on fundamental skills.
With school-age kids spending more time in front of screens, the challenge for parents is to get them to find physical activity they enjoy. This can range from traditional sports like baseball and basketball to biking, hiking, and laying outside. As kids get older, differences in ability and personality become more apparent. That is why it’s important to find an activity that’s right for your children.
Teens have many choices when it comes to being active—from school sports to after-school interests. It’s a good idea to have an exercise plan. Do what you can to make it easy for your teens to exercise by providing transportation and the necessary equipment (including workout clothes). In some cases, the right clothes and shoes night help a shy teen feel comfortable biking or going to the gym.
In addition to a child’s age, it’s important to consider his or her fitness personality. Meanwhile, be active yourself and support your kids’ interests. If you start this early enough, they’ll come to regard the activity as a normal and fun part of your family’s everyday routine.
1. What does the underlined word “This” refer to?| A．Free play. | B．Play time. | C．Physical activity. | D．Children’s confidence. |
| A．What appropriate sports preschoolers should take. |
| B．How to develop kids’ motor skills before school. |
| C．Why organized team sports are dangerous to kids. |
| D．When preschoolers should start to do sports. |
| A．Tell them to turn to traditional sports. | B．Ask them to join in organized team sports. |
| C．Play with them when they are out of school. | D．Help them find the sports they are fond of. |
| A．Not all the kids are fit for the same sports. |
| B．Teens are particular about sports activities. |
| C．School-age kids are more active than teens. |
| D．Some parents always ignore what their kids like. |
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【推荐1】It’s 5:00 in the morning when the alarm(闹钟)rings in my ears. I roll out of bed and walk blindly through the dark into the bathroom. I turn on the light and put on my glasses. The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully. Usually I go for a long run, but today I choose my favorite exercise DVD, Insanity. Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes. My heart races as I force my body to finish each movement. As I near the end of the exercise, I feel extremely tired, but a smile is on my face. It’s not a smile because the DVD is over, but a smile of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit.
Some people enjoy shopping, smoking, food, work, or even chocolate. But I need exercise to get through each day. Some shake heads when they see me run through the town. Others get hurt when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmother’s chocolate cake. They raise their eyebrows, surprised by my ＂no thank you＂, or by my choice to have a salad. Over the years, I have learned it’s okay to just say ＂no＂. I shouldn’t feel sorry for refusing food that I don’t want to eat.
So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5:00 a.m.? What gives me the reason to just say no to ice cream? Commitment. A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety, increases self-confidence and energy, extends life and above all improves my body shape. This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right. It’s through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out.
1. Why is there a smile on the author’s face in the morning?| A．Because she sees her family sleeping peacefully. |
| B．Because she finishes her favorite exercise. |
| C．Because she enjoys the interesting DVD |
| D．Because she feels a sense of achievement. |
| A．She doesn’t treat others politely. |
| B．She likes to make others surprised. |
| C．Others don’t understand what she does. |
| D．Others try to help her by offering her food. |
| A．Good health. | B．Firm belief. |
| C．A strong power. | D．A regular habit. |
| A．She acts in a strange way. |
| B．She wants to look different from others. |
| C．She aims to develop a good body shape. |
| D．She has difficulty getting along with others. |
【推荐2】What is better for you? Exercising in the great outdoors, or signing up for a gym?To try and find out, the Guardian was invited to spend a month working withfitness and sports psychology experts at Bath University and the National Trust. The concept was that participants— including me — would spend alternate weeks exercising in a gym and on National Trust land.
The first week was spent on the exercise bikes, rowing machines and treadmills (跑步机) in a gym at Bath.Getting started at the gym was easy. There was a nice community too. People are gently teasing and encouraging each other.
On the downside, it was hard to ignore the background noise ofdance and pop music. And all the machines faced screens showing music videos, rolling news and sports channels. Not a place to get away from it all.
So it was a relief in week two to head for the hills of Dyrham, a National Trust parkland full of birds and deer.
Weeks three and four followed the same pattern. The diaries I had kept, questionnaires I had filled in, and heart monitors I had worn, were then analysed by scientists from Bath University.
The findings surprise me a bit. The heart monitors showed I had consumed a similar amount of energy whether exercising in the gym or outdoors. But fitness expert Martyn Standagewas most interested in the fact that on the days when my exercise had been done outside, I used more energy through the rest of the day.Standage said this fitted with studies that suggest working out in the outdoors leads to a greater feeling of vitality (活力).
Jo Barton, who specialises in studying outdoor exercise, suggested that working out in the fresh air could be “life-changing”.“Exercising in nature lifts your mood and increases your self-respect,” she said.
My verdict? It was more fun outside but sometimes more convenient to get to the gym. A bit of both may be the way forward.
1. Which shows the author’s exercisepattern in the four weeks?| A．in the outdoors→in the outdoors→in the gym→in the gym |
| B．in the gym→in the gym→in the outdoors→in the outdoors |
| C．in the outdoors→in the gym→in the outdoors→in the gym |
| D．in the gym→in the outdoors→in the gym→in the outdoors |
| A．He used more energy when exercising indoors. |
| B．He felt more energetic after exercising outdoors. |
| C．He was very tired after finishing daily exercise. |
| D．He summarized the findings after the experiment. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Doubtful. |
| C．Tolerant. | D．Uncaring. |
| A．concern | B．opinion |
| C．chance | D．challenge |
【推荐3】After graduating as a graphic design major in 2018, Chen Minlin didn't hunt for a job that fits it, but became a trekker (远足者).
“Completing different trekking routes is like collecting cards in childhood — a lot of fun,”the 24-year-old told China Daily.
Like Chen, more young people are going on journeys to rediscover the simple and beneficial joys of walking. According to Youxiake, a Hangzhou—based tour operator, more than 140,000 travelers signed up for trekking trips from May I to Oct 31. This represents a 9.3 percent increase over the same period last year.
For most trekkers, exploring nature by foot can help them keep fit. Hiking or trekking in nature enables them to breathe fresh air, gives the whole body a workout and keeps them away from the crowds in urban public places, making for a tranquil experience.
“I felt hat exposure 10 nature and physical exhaustion helped me counteract the negative effects of my distress (痛苦) at that time," Zhang Peng, 33, co-founder of Bejing Hiking Club, said.Trekking "is a liberating experience to enjoy the tranquility in the wilderness. And the exhausting climb makes me feel he vigor of life."
Trekking has, indeed, been integrated into his lifestyle. With great passion, Zhang has gone on many classic routes across the country. The longest trail he's ever finished was 240 kilometers.
With poor internet access in the wild, it encourages people to chat and interact with one another on the long walks along the rails. Zhang enjoys the social interaction, and the friendships it brings about.
For Liu Yanli, also a trekker, what she cherishes most is that the activity brings her mental strength.
Until this year, her life had always run smoothly and lacked hardship. She craved the sense of achievement that can be felt after overcoming the difficulties offered by trekking.
Ever since 2013, she's trekked in may countries, including Nepal, Japan, Greece, New Zealand, Italy and Jordan. In one situation, she fell she was at the point of collapsing, but she carried on. "I was impressed and moved by my willpower. I'd never experienced that felling in my daily life,"Liu said.
It's perhaps this unusual felling that appeals to more youths.“Each time when I came back from a trip, the contrast between the harsh conditions in the wild and my cozy home helps to strengthen my happiness in everyday life." Liu added.
1. Why is Chen Minlin's experience mentioned in the beginning of the text?| A．To suggest a different graduation celebration. |
| B．To recommend some popular trekking routes. |
| C．To show the popularity and appeal of trekking. |
| D．To inform the readers of the features of trekking. |
| A．Get rid of. | B．Think of. |
| C．Become aware of. | D．Take advantage of. |
| A．Opposite views toward trekking. |
| B．The importance of exploring nature. |
| C．The benefits of trekking. |
| D．A comparison of some people's trekking trips. |
| A．It allows her to meet different people. |
| B．It is a good way for her to release stress. |
| C．It enables her to stay in shape. |
| D．It gives her a strong sense of achievement. |
| A．Hiking Club | B．Outdoor children's games |
| C．Happiness in childhood | D．Top motivations for hiking |
【推荐1】The term “Iron Man” has many connotations(内涵), including references to a song, a comic book icon, even a movie. Yet only one definition of the term truly lives up to its name: the Ironman triathlon held annually in Hawaii, a picturesque (独特的) setting for a challenging race, which demands amazing physical prowess and the ability to swim, bike, and run a marathon, all in less than 12 hours with no break. Very few individuals are up to the task.
However, Gordon Haller is a notable exception. Growing up in the 1950s, Haller developed an interest in many sports categorized as endurance (耐性) athletics and welcomed their physical demands. As he pursued a degree in physics he drove a taxi to pay the bills, but competitive training proved his passion. So when he heard about the race in 1978, the first year it was held, he immediately signed up.
The race originated in a somewhat amusing way. The members of the two popular sports clubs, the Mid-Pacific Road Runners of Honolulu and the Waikiki Swim Club of Oahu, had a long-standing and good-natured debate going over who made better athletes: runners or swimmers. However, some local bikes thought both clubs were wrong, claiming that they, in fact, deserved the title. Wanting to settle the dispute (争论)once and for all, they decided to combine three separate races already held annually on the island into one massive test of endurance. Thus, the Waikiki Rough water Swim of 2.4 miles, the Around-Oahu Bike race of 112 miles, and the Honolulu Marathon of 26.2 miles were all put together to form the Ironman Triathlon.
Haller was one of only fifteen competitors to show up that February morning to start the race. He quickly scanned the few pages of rules and instructions, and on the last page he discovered a sentence that would become the race’s famous slogan: “Swim 2.4 miles! Bike 112 miles! Run 26.2 miles! Brag(吹牛)for the rest of your life!” Haller took that to heart, and at the end of the day, he became the first Ironman champion in history. Haller’s physical strength enabled him to do what no one else in the past had accomplished.
In the approximately thirty years since that very first race, the Ironman has become a tradition in Hawaii and now boasts approximately 1500 entrants every year. The competitors who complete the race don’t have to be the first across the finish line to claim success: just finishing is a victory onto itself.
1. The “Iron Man” in the passage above refers to __________.| A．a folk song | B．a movie character |
| C．a triathlon athlete | D．a sports event |
| A．Muscles. | B．Skills. | C．Balance. | D．Reaction. |
| A．the two clubs fought over who made better athletes |
| B．gordon Haller wanted to show his great endurance |
| C．the combined race can help choose the most athletic |
| D．club members wanted to improve their physical abilities |
| A．Participants had to choose two from the three races in the first Ironman Triathlon. |
| B．Haller may not have known the rules of it before he showed up for the event. |
| C．No other competitors other than Haller finished the races in the end. |
| D．Sixteen competitors in total participated in it on February morning. |
| A．It is the participation rather than victory that counts. |
| B．The current Ironman Triathlon is different from the original one. |
| C．The victors respond excitedly when crossing the finish line. |
| D．The event attracts many people because it creates good fortune. |
【推荐2】Many people around the world like to study in America’s center of higher education, New York. But if you don’t know where to start, it helps to belong to a community. The city has a place where students have a chance to meet, and find their place in the world. It’s a private, non-profit center called International House. It serves students from more than 100 countries.
Adjibola Amzat from Nigeria lives there. He left his job as a news reporter to study at Columbia University, studying for a graduate degree program in journalism. Amzat thinks International House has helped to improve his experience at Columbia University. “There are many people around the campus, and there is a diversity of cultures in the city, but we don’t have a chance to know each other. New York would have been a very lonely place for me without the International House.”
Heather Mangum is the director of communications for International House. She has urged students to socialize with other students in the many shared spaces of the building. “People stay in rooms that are by design very small so that they come out into the common areas, and interact and exchange with each other. The dining room is communal by design, so you can sit with someone new for every meal.”
International House welcomes graduate students from many universities in New York. They have a chance to attend many cultural celebrations throughout the year. Many students say their interaction with other students has led to new friendships and personal growth.
Akmyrat Tuyliyev from Turkmenistan says his experiences at International House made him want to work to change the world. “I come from a country where we don’t have different races. I had never seen so many people from so many cultures until I came here. Seeing students from Russia, China, and all those countries coming here to unite is really inspiring.”
Many of the 700 people living there say they want to continue the relationships they have begun when they return home. And they want to share with their countrymen the leadership skills they have learned in the International House.
1. What is the most important function of the International House?| A．It offers students a free living place. | B．It gives students a sense of belonging. |
| C．It provides a good learning atmosphere. | D．It serves as a center of higher education. |
| A．Indifferent. | B．Tolerant. | C．Supportive. | D．Concerned. |
| A．To make students go out to talk with each other. | B．To cut down the cost of living there. |
| C．To hold more international students to stay. | D．To avoid too much unnecessary furniture. |
| A．He wants to change the world. | B．He is not satisfied with his homeland. |
| C．He plans to return home soon. | D．He is impressed by the diverse cultures there. |
【推荐3】The concept of “forest bathing” has long been praised for its supposed health benefits. It can improve mental health and cognitive (认知) performance, reduce blood pressure and even treat depression and anxiety. Yet forests can be hard to reach or completely inaccessible in a world where as many as 5 billion people might live in urban environments by 2030. Some scientists believe that virtual reality could offer an alternative.
VR has already been used to help distract children undergoing medical procedures, and icy virtual landscapes have eased the pain of burn victims. Could virtual forests obtain the same physiological responses as real ones?
A group of scientists at the Czech University of Life Sciences—a psychologist with researchers in the forestry department—has tested the assumption by taking a group of 15people into the Roztocky háj nature reserve for 30-minute bathing sessions. They then used laser scanners to develop a virtual twin of the same area of forest, enhanced with audio recordings. Twenty participants, including 10 who visited the real forest, spent 30 minutes in the virtual forest. Questionnaires assessing the participants emotional states revealed no significant difference between the two experiences, according to the results. As the forestry researcher leading the project explained, “I was aware that the forest was not real. However, the experience was vivid, and it was easy for me to forget that I was in an experimental room.”
There are limitations, of course. Since computer processing power is finite (有限), virtual forests have physical boundaries. Some of the participants said they felt caged when they encountered the invisible forest wall. Power constraints (约束) also mean the computer is not perfect at small details like mushrooms or insects. Nor can virtual environments imitate every sensory experience of a real forest, like the smell of damp leaves. Making other sensations, like the feel of wind would prove more complicated.
Virtual environments can also cause cybersickness, which happens when your eyes perceive motion while your body does not. That is why some people felt dizzy after the bathing sessions. Psychologists and computer scientists hope that further research with larger groups of participants will help to overcome these limitations.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?| A．The origin of forest bathing. | B．The decrease of the real forest. |
| C．The necessity of virtual forest bathing. | D．The expansion of urban environment. |
| A．They felt almost the same as the real forests. |
| B．They longed for staying at the virtual forests. |
| C．They preferred surroundings with audio recordings. |
| D．They felt it difficult to adapt to experimental room. |
| A．Invisible forest walls. | B．Better small details. |
| C．Physical boundaries. | D．Sensory from real forest. |
| A．he feels curious and excited about forest bathing |
| B．his body isn’t used to the motion it’s experiencing |
| C．his psychologist or doctor gives him an examination |
| D．he fails to overcome the limitations of environments |
