Arul Mathur, an 11th grade student in California could have found the answer to saving people’s homes when threatened by wildfires and other types of fires that could affect them and their property.
To best deal with wildfire “season”,he created a fire-activated extinguisher (灭火器) called F. A. C. E.. Basically, it can work as a single device that is able to protect fire-risk areas around someone’s house like in the kitchen or bedroom.
Recently moving with his family to California, he came face to face with the possibility of wildfires. When explaining his inspiration behind his invention, he said, “I heard about the hundreds of thousands of people, including my new friends, who abandoned their houses every year to flee from wildfires, but I never thought that I could be one of those people. Finally, in the summer of 2019, a wildfire threatened to force my family to leave our home. At that moment, I knew that I needed to do something about it.”
F. A. C. E. works through a sensor on the device. When heated up to a particular temperature, the chemicals inside burst and release a spray that stops fire spreading at least five to six feet in all directions with the help of a sprinkler (喷洒器) attached to it. When placed in certain strategic areas, they could actually work together in order to stop bush fires from turning into wildfires. Meanwhile, they could also stop a kitchen or living room fire from becoming a massive house fire.
This new solution to wildfires will be sold for $120 once production starts. Currently, the only other similar alternative for his invention is the automatic sprinkler systems that may be lavish for some families. They first need to be placed in the home during early construction of the house, and tend to cost around thousands of dollars.
1. What made Mathur decide to invent F. A. C. E.?A.His move to California. | B.His encounter with a wildfire. |
C.The coming wildfire “season”. | D.The property losses of his friends. |
A.The advantages of the device. |
B.The components of the device. |
C.The working principle of the device. |
D.The operating procedure of the device. |
A.Complex. | B.Time-consuming. |
C.Inefficient. | D.Costly. |
A.To introduce a new invention. |
B.To praise a teenager’s creativity. |
C.To advertise a new fire extinguisher. |
D.To suggest a new way of fighting fires. |
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【推荐1】
The C919, China’s first domestically developed large passenger jet, departed Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport for Beijing Capital International Airport at 10:32 am on Sunday, embarking on(开启) its first commercial flight. The aircraft, developed by the Commercial Aircraft Corp of China, painted with a logo in the shape of a seal with Chinese characters “quanqiu shou jia”, meaning first C919 in the world. The fight, MU 9191, is run by China Eastern Airlines. About 130 passengers are on board. The flight duration is about two hours and 25 minutes. China Eastern Airlines received the first C919 on December 9 and launched test flights later that month. According to a report published by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, 32 clients had placed a total of 1, 035 orders for the plane as of the end of 2022.
The C919 project was launched in 2007. Developed by the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, Ltd (COMAC), the first C919 aircraft rolled off the production line in Shanghai in November 2015. The plane conducted a successful maiden flight in 2017. In the following years, the C919 conducted several test flights in different locations to test its capabilities. The C919 has gone through tests in various types of extreme natural environments including high temperature, high humidity, severe cold, gusts(狂风) and freeze. Its safety, reliability and environmental protection performance have been comprehensively assessed. It obtained the type certificate in September 2022, which indicates that the jetliner’s design meets airworthiness standards and environmental requirements.
The plane received its production certificate on November 29, 2022, meaning the model can enter mass production. On Dec 9, 2022, the first C919 aircraft was delivered to its first customer, China Eastern Airlines. After the delivery, the C919 jetliner completed its 100-hour aircraft validation flight process, comprehensively verifying its reliability with commercial operation in mind. The C919 had gained 1, 035 orders from 32 customers by the end of 2022, according to the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai. The successful development of the C919 indicates that China has the ability to independently develop large passenger aircraft.
1. What do we know about C919 in the first paragraph?A.It has already signed orders with multiple airlines. |
B.The first flight lasted two and half hours. |
C.It is China’s first large plane. |
D.It is developed by China Eastern Airlines. |
A.C919 has obtained a model certificate. |
B.The performance of C919 has received high praise. |
C.The research and development process of the C919 project. |
D.The C919 aircraft failed to meet airworthiness standards. |
A.2020 | B.2021 | C.2024 | D.2022 |
A.China Eastern Airlines ran a flight of C919 |
B.China’s C919 jetliner goes into commercial operation |
C.C919 is environmental friendly |
D.China has a leading role in the aircraft market |
【推荐2】Recently, a company called SkyDrive gave a test of its new flying car, the SD-03. The small car flew at an altitude of around 6 feet around up to four minutes. The SD-03 is powered by batteries and has 8 motors, which lift it straight off the ground. Since flying cars don't use runways, they need to be able to take off and land by going straight up or down. Its breakthrough was that a pilot was on board. Tomohiro Fukuzawa, who leads SkyDrive, said, "Of the world's more than 100 flying car projects, only a handful has succeeded with a person on board."
The world's leading companies are investing (投资) heavily to work on more advanced flying cars of their own. That includes airplane makers like Airbus and Boeing, car makers like Toyota, Hyundai, and Porsche, and ride services like Uber. Some governments, including Japan's, are supporting the idea, hoping that in the future, flying cars will be useful for short trips like taxi rides in cities. Flying cars could also save time in emergencies, and help reach some places that can't be reached by road.
However, controlling a flying car is so complex that most people won't be able to do it. Even SkyDrive's test flight was kept stable by an automatic (自动的) computer system, and a backup team stood ready to control the car from the ground. Besides, safety is a major problem. What happens when a motor fails? That's a reason why the SD-03 has eight motors-as backups. All realities have led many companies to take a wait-and-see approach to developing flying cars. But people who believe in flying cars point out that cars and airplanes faced lots of challenges at first, too and that with time, many of the big problems were settled eventually.
Mr. Fukuzawa wants SkyDrive to be able to fly two passengers on trips of up to 3 miles by 2023. By 2050, he hopes people will be able to fly anywhere inside Tokyo in just 10 minutes. ''I think flying cars will become normal in the near future, " he says.
1. What made the SD-03's test flight by SkyDrive special?A.It was the first manned flying car. | B.It landed without using a runway. |
C.It flew much longer than expected. | D.It was powered by batteries. |
A.Uniting to design it together. | B.Developing it independently. |
C.Promoting it all over the world. | D.Persuading governments to invest it. |
A.The designs. | B.Future development. |
C.Different comments. | D.The challenges. |
A.He doesn't think the flying cars will be promoted. |
B.The flying cars will be able to fly two passengers by 2023. |
C.He is optimistic about the use of the flying cars in the future. |
D.He isn't certain about the future of the flying cars. |
【推荐3】What would you do if you walked up to a robot with a human-like head and it smiled at you first? You’d likely smile back and perhaps feel the two of you were genuinely interacting. But how does a robot know how to do this? Or a better question, how does it know to get you to smile back?
While we’re getting accustomed to robots that are expert at verbal (口头的) communication, thanks in part to advancements in large language models like ChatGPT, their nonverbal communication skills, especially facial expressions, have fallen far behind.
The Creative Machines Lab has been working on this challenge for more than five years. In a new study, the group unveils Emo, a robot. To train the robot how to make facial expressions, the researchers put Emo in front of the camera and let it do random movements. After a few hours, the robot learned the relationship between their facial expressions and the movement orders — much the way humans practice facial expressions by looking in the mirror. This is similar to our human ability to imagine what we look like when we make certain expressions.
Then the team ran videos of human facial expressions for Emo to observe them one after another. After training, which lasts a few hours, Emo could predict people’s facial expressions by observing tiny changes in their faces as they begin to form an intent to smile. It can not only make a wide range of facial expressions but also knows when to use them.
“I think predicting human facial expressions accurately is a revolution. Traditionally, robots have not been designed to consider humans’expressions during interactions. Now, the robot can integrate human facial expressions as feedback,” said Yuhang Hu. “When a robot makes co-expressions with people in real-time, it not only improves the interaction quality but also helps in building trust between humans and robots. In the future, when interacting with a robot, it will observe and understand your facial expressions, just like a real person.”
1. Why does the author ask questions in paragraph 1?A.To stress the sincere interaction. |
B.To show curiosity about robots. |
C.To get readers engaged in the subject. |
D.To prove the power of smiling. |
A.By making it force a smile. |
B.By asking it to look in the mirror. |
C.By recording its expression at random. |
D.By employing a way of self modeling. |
A.Interact with humans like a friend. |
B.Prepare facial expression in advance. |
C.Read the mind of humans in an active way. |
D.Recognize and respond to real-time human expressions. |
A.Emo Robot Makes Quick Facial Reactions |
B.Robots Can Smile at Human Beings Now |
C.Emo Robot Reads Human Mind Exactly |
D.Robots Can Interact with You Naturally |
【推荐1】It’s Earth’s birthday! The Earth is about 4.5 billion years old! In honour of our planet, former U. S. Senator Gaylord Nelson decided we needed a special day to celebrate and learn how to care for our environment. He wrote letters to many schools about the day he planned because he knew kids like you would help.
On April 22, 1970, the first Earth Day was held. Many environmental laws were passed, and people all over the country made promises to protect the environment.
Since then, Earth Day has spread around the world and people are working together to create cleaner air and energy to take care of Mother Nature. Learn how you, your family and friends can start making a difference too!
Earth Day is now celebrated by hundreds of millions of people in more than 180 countries. Here are some ways that you can help re-energize the Earth and celebrate too!
·Visit a nature conservancy(保护协会). Nature conservancies teach us how to preserve our natural history.
·Have an Earth Day block party! Invite neighbourhood kids to plant gardens or trees or pick up trash. Then celebrate your achievements with some Earth Day’ treats and nature music.
·Challenge your family to “go green”. Walk, bicycle, carpool or take the bus to reduce greenhouse gases and get outdoors!
·Wear green, a nature or Earth Day T-shirt to help spread the word about caring for our environment.
·Make a “planet promise” to reduce your energy use and recycle.
We hope you’ll use some of these ideas during the week of April 22 to celebrate and give back to the Earth that gives so much to us.
1. Why did the former U. S. Senator Gaylord Nelson write letters to many schools?A.To show his care about the planet. |
B.To have a good relationship with them. |
C.To encourage their students to work hard. |
D.To expect their students to protect the environment. |
A.Forty five. | B.Forty nine. | C.Fifty one. | D.Fifty six. |
A.An Earth Day block party. | B.A nature conservancy. |
C.Your family and friends. | D.A “planet promise”. |
A.The way for the Earth Day to appear. |
B.The first person to create the Earth Day. |
C.The origin and celebrations of the Earth Day. |
D.Reasons for people to celebrate the Earth Day. |
【推荐2】What picture do you have of the future? Will life in the future be better, worse or the same as now?What do you hope about the future?
Futurologists (未来学家) predict that life will probably be very different in 2050 in all the fields of activity, from entertainment to technology. First of all, it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050. Instead, people will choose a programme from a “menu”and a computer will send the programme directly to the television. By 2050, music, films, programmes, newspapers and books will come to us by computer.
In what concerns the environment, water will have become one of our most serious problems. Demand for water will increase ten times between now and 2050 and there could be serious shortages. Some futurologists predict that water could be the cause of war if we don't act now.
In transport, cars will run on new, clean fuels and they will go very fast. Cars will have computers to control the speed of the car and there won't be any accidents. Today, many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are. By 2050, the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination.
In the area of technology, robots will have replaced people in factories. Many factories already use robots. Big companies prefer robots- they do not ask for pay rises or go on strike, and they work 24 hours a day. By 2050, we will see robots everywhere- in factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops and homes.
Last but not least, medicine technology will have conquered many diseases. Today scientists have discovered how to control genes. They have already produced clones of animals. By 2050, scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look, how they behave and how much intelligence they have. Scientists will be able to do these things, but should they?
1. What's the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To attract the interest of the readers. | B.To tell the background of the passage. |
C.To raise a question. | D.To describe the pictures of the future |
A.New clean fuels will be used on cars. | B.Cars will run faster. |
C.Driverless cars will be used. | D.Transport by car will be improved. |
A.all diseases will not be conquered by scientists |
B.scientists have known the way to produce genes |
C.the clones of human are beyond understanding for scientists |
D.the clones of animals have a long way to go |
A.Travel. | B.Technology. | C.Education. | D.Life. |
【推荐3】New research has found that grey seals can simulate(模仿)human speech and songs. The study carried out by Dr Amanda Stansbury and Professor Vincent Janik,at the University of St Andrews,found that grey seals use the same sound production system as humans due to having similar vocal tracts(声道)。
Three young grey seals-Zola,Gandalf and Janice-were monitored from birth by Stansbury and Janik to determine their natural talents.Once this process was complete, the researchers began teaching the seals to simulate common seal sounds or noises a seal might normally hear from a herd mate in the wild.Fish was used to encourage the seals to come out of the water and sing a series of notes.Stansbury would record the seals'own sounds and play them back.The seals quickly learnt that if they sang back the same notes, they would be rewarded with fish.
Once the seals were familiar with this process and could easily copy these basic sounds,Stansbury and Janik used higher and longer tones and unfamiliar vowels from human speech.The seals were then rewarded for matching these new sounds.Stansbury even used some combinations to simulate songs that no seal would be expected to produce under natural circumstances.Zola had a gift for copying up to ten notes of songs such as Twinkle,Twinkle,Little Star and the theme song of Star Wars.Gandalf and Janice were better at accurately reproducing combinations of human vowel sounds.
Stansbury said,"I was amazed how well the seals copied the model sounds we played to them.Copies were not perfect,but given that these are not typical seal sounds,it is pretty impressive.Our study really shows how flexible seal voices are."
After one year of working with the researchers,the seal pups were released back into the wild."This study gives us a better understanding of the development of vocal learning,a skill that is important for human language development."Janik believes this knowledge can help to develop new methods to study speech problems.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.Grey seals 'learning environments. |
B.A research finding on grey seals. |
C.Humans 'sound production system. |
D.A comparison of humans and grey seals. |
A.made funny noisesre | B.came out of the water |
C.repeated the same notes | D.copied typical fish sounds |
A.It can copy some musical sounds played to her. |
B.It is good at copying human vowel sounds. |
C.It is smarter than Gandalf and Janice. |
D.It likes singing children's songs. |
A.It shows the living environments of grey seals. |
B.It leads to a better understanding of human vocal system. |
C.It raises an awareness of the need to protect grey seals. |
D.It brings inspirations for research on speech problems. |