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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:129 题号:15856299

The time between full wakefulness and being sound asleep may be packed with creative potential. In a new experiment, people who fell into a light sleep were better problem-solvers later.

Thomas Edison inspired the new study. It’s said that the famous inventor used to value the moments between wakefulness and sleep. Supposedly, he used to fall asleep in a chair holding two steel balls. As he nodded off, the balls fell into metal pans. The resulting noise woke him. Then, he could write down his inventive ideas before he fell into a deep sleep and forgot them.

Researchers tested Edison’s method of developing creativity with 103 healthy people. Volunteers came to the lab to solve a difficult number problem. They were asked to change a string of numbers into a shorter sequence (数列) following two simple rules. What the volunteers weren’t told was that there was an easy trick to do this task. The second number in the sequence would always be the correct final number, too. Once discovered, this trick greatly cut the solving time. After doing this task 60 times, the volunteers earned a 20-minute break in a quiet, dark room. Volunteers lay in chairs and held a version of the steel balls that Edison used as “alarm clocks”. The researchers told participants to close their eyes and rest or sleep if they desired. All the while, their brain waves were monitored.

After their rest, participants returned to their number problem. The researchers saw a big difference between the groups. People who had fallen into a shallow, early sleep were 2.7 times as likely to spot the hidden trick as people who had stayed awake. Shallow sleepers were 5.8 times as likely to spot the trick as people who reached the deeper stage.

More work is needed to prove the link between the shallow stage of sleep and creativity. But the results raise an interesting possibility. People may be able to learn to reach that stage of sleep.

1. What was the function of the steel balls and metal pans for Thomas Edison?
A.To help him stay on guard during sleep.
B.To stop others from disturbing his sleep.
C.To make his brain work even during sleep.
D.To prevent him from falling sound asleep.
2. What conclusion can be drawn about the experiment?
A.Its results are well worth wide promotion.
B.It proves researchers’ work is demanding.
C.Its findings still need to be further confirmed.
D.It will motivate more people to practice light sleep.
3. What’s the best title for the text?
A.Edison’s Method of Developing Creativity
B.Nodding off May Turn Your Creativity on
C.A Better Sleep Helps with Problem-Solving
D.Links Between Sleep Quality and Creativity
4. Where does this text probably come from?
A.A science magazine.B.A travel brochure.
C.A museum guide.D.A diary.
【知识点】 科普知识 说明文

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【推荐1】Erin Alexander, who was suffering from the loss of her relative, was having a hard day. However, her day took an unexpected turn when she picked up her order and noticed a message on the cup: “Madam,” the waitress had written next to a heart, “your heart is golden.” The small and unexpected act moved her deeply, brightening the rest of her day.

New research confirms the great influence of experiences like Ms. Alexander’s. Researchers found people who perform an unplanned act of kindness tend to undervalue how much the receiver will appreciate it. This could hold many of us back from doing nice things for others more often.

In a recent experiment, 84 participants (参与者) were given a hot chocolate on two cold weekends at a park and were told they could keep it or give it to a stranger. The 75 participants who gave away their drink were asked to guess how “big” their kind act would feel to the receiver on a scale (等级) from 0 to 10, and how the receiver would rate their feelings upon receiving it. The receivers were then asked to report how they actually felt using the same scale.

It turned out that the people doing the kind thing always undervalued the importance of their actions. While they thought they were offering something small, the receivers considered it more meaningful because someone had done something nice for them.

Despite longing for kindness, many people feel awkward at the thought of being kind. The “little inner voice” often leads them to question whether their behavior might be misunderstood or whether it will make the receiver feel pressured to pay it back.

But an act of kindness is unlikely to have unintended results; it can lead to even more kindness. If you are not already in the habit of performing unplanned kind acts, start by thinking about what you are interested in and how you can turn that into an offering for others.

1. How did Erin Alexander feel after reading the message?
A.Calm.B.Puzzled.C.Warmed.D.Anxious.
2. Paragraph 3 is mainly about the ______ of the experiment.
A.ruleB.processC.purposeD.result
3. What may prevent people performing kindness according to the text?
A.A mix of fears.B.Coldness from others.
C.High expectations of others.D.Voices from the public.
4. What does the author suggest readers do?
A.Think twice before helping.B.Value kindness from others.
C.Find ways to change habits.D.Take action to offer kindness.
2024-02-15更新 | 96次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐2】There is no benefit to doing more than five hours of high-intensity (高强度) exercise a week, a Harvard study has found, as it does not help to stave off an early death. However, pushing your body as hard as you can does not have any damaging health effects.

A 30-year Harvard study of 100,000 Americans looked at how exercise impacted a person’s risk of death. It found that doing 75 minutes of intense exercise a week, the recommended amount, reduces the risk of dying from disease by 31 percent. People who do twice this—two and a half hours of intense exercise a week—see slightly greater benefits, further reducing the threat of death by four percent. However, fitness enthusiasts who do more than four times the recommended amount of intense exercise every week—five hours—do not get any additional benefit.

The same trend is seen for moderate (适度的) activities, including walking. Ten hours of moderate exercise—four times the recommended weekly activity level—has no benefits, but also no harms.

Previous research had claimed that doing too much exercise could be harmful and may actually increase a person’s risk of early death by putting added pressure on their body. But the new study found that to be untrue, as even people doing more than five hours a week of intense activity showed no bad health effects.

“This finding may reduce the concerns around the potentially harmful effect of engaging in high levels of physical activity observed in several previous studies,” noted Hoon Lee, a study author. “Our study provides evidence to guide individuals to choose the right amount and intensity of physical activity over their lifetime to maintain their overall health.”

1. What does the underlined part “stave off ” in paragraph 1 mean?
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2. What did the Harvard study find about intense exercise?
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D.The recommended amount produces the greatest benefit.
3. What do we know about the new study?
A.It links heart disease to early death.
B.It disagrees with previous research.
C.It needs further research on more individuals.
D.It needs involvement with more kinds of exercise.
4. What did Hoon Lee suggest people do?
A.Exercise properly.
B.Go on a diet to stay healthy.
C.Go outdoors as much as possible.
D.Engage in high levels of physical activity.
2023-11-17更新 | 38次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中 (0.65)
名校
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【推荐3】Including a joke in the title of a paper could pay off in terms of citations (引用), according to a study. The finding — which has not been proved by peers — suggests that researchers could gain citations by giving their papers amusing titles while some say the evidence is too weak to support the conclusion.

Jokes sometimes find their way into academic papers. “One place where we often see humor is in titles, but there’s a very small amount of literature about whether this is reasonable,” says lead author Stephen Heard, an evolutionary ecologist.

To investigate whether having a funny title could boost a paper’s readership and citations, Heard and his colleagues asked volunteers to score the titles of 2,439 papers according to how amusing they were. The scorers assessed humor on a seven-point scale, from zero (serious titles) to six (extremely funny). The researchers then looked for a link between papers’ humor scores and the number of citations they had received, including self-citations by their own authors.

Papers with funny titles were cited slightly less often than those with more serious or straightforward titles. However, papers with more amusing titles also tended to have fewer self-citations, which led Heard’s team to infer that scientists might give funnier titles to less important papers. “Our assumption is that authors don’t cite their own papers subsequently because they don’t think that those are their most important papers,” Heard says.

After controlling for self-citations as a measure of a paper’s importance, the researchers found that articles with funny titles are in fact cited more than those with serious titles. For example, papers with titles that got a score of six had nearly twice as many citations on average as those whose titles got a humor score of four. But some researchers argued that self-citations might not be a good criterion for a paper’s importance.

1. The finding of the study can be best described as _________ according to the first paragraph.
A.a widely accepted belief.B.something surprising.
C.a wholly resisted opinion.D.something still in debate.
2. How did the researchers carry out the first stage of the study?
A.By enquiring about volunteers’ attitudes toward funny titles.
B.By asking participants to divide those titles into seven ranks.
C.By matching the papers’ scores with the volunteers’ likes.
D.By digitalizing the citations into various scores of humor.
3. Which of the following statements will Heard most probably agree with?
A.Including a joke in an essay is by no means a good attempt.
B.Self-citations don’t serve as a good standard for the research.
C.Articles with fewer self-citations tend to be unimportant to the authors.
D.Scientists should stop their self-citations to guarantee academic fairness.
4. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A.One Cites Himself: A Rise To FameB.Funny Or Serious: It Serves Your Choice
C.Are You Joking: Funny Titles Are GoodD.Joking Paper Titles: Fewer Citations Or More
2023-10-08更新 | 139次组卷
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