Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each wor-组卷网

题型：选词填空-短文选词填空难度：0.4 引用次数：100 题号：16068028

Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. boost B.capabilities C.ceaseless D.effects E.evolve F. historic
G.identify H.initiative I. interconnected J.miraculously K.seriously

Currently, many of the brainy gadgets being developed for the Internet of Things will anticipate our needs and make choices for us--without being told what to do--marking a(n) 1 transformation in our relationship with machine.

As we turn more of our decision-making over to the devices,they will 2 into our personal confidants (知己) and counselors, determining everything from the time we wake up and clothes we wear to the music we listen to and the route we take to work. In the process, experts say our reliance on these 3 tools will far surpass today's dependence on smart phones.These autonomous assistants are widely expected to help us stay healthier, take better care of our loved ones, live more comfortably, become more environmentally responsible and 4 our productivity by freeing us from an endless array of boring routines so we can concentrate on the most important ones.

But social scientists and others worry these computerized devices might make decisions that are 5 flawed or that we otherwise dislike, leaving us feeling less in control of our lives. More importantly, their 6 observation could result in an excessively conformist (循规蹈矩的)society, some experts fear一especially with the government and other entities (实体) exploring the use of these intelligent machines to assess and prevent "abnormal behavior."

Stanford University researchers believe society may be profoundly impacted by Internet-of-Things machines blessed with humanlike 7 . So in December they began a century-long study of the technology in part to 8 the implications “of systems that can make inferences about the goals, intentions, identity, location, health, beliefs, habits and future actions of people."

Understanding such 9 is crucial, experts say, because the technology is being rapidly adapted. About 13 percent of consumers already have got a smart thermostat, security camera or other devices installed in homes. Instead of just doing what we command, many of the devices being empowered with sophisticated software and micro-electronics to act on their own 10 as our personal advisers.

20-21高二下·上海·期末查看更多[1]

更新时间：2022-06-16 23:02:11 |

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【知识点】科学技术

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文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章提到了数字革命带来的影响，并介绍了一些常用的视频格式。

【推荐1】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. counting B. create C. loss D. Luckily E. offer F. preferred
G. supports H. transfer I. type J. Unfortunately K. video

The digital revolution has had a huge impact on every aspect of our society. For content creators, life looks nothing like it did just a couple of decades ago. Back then, all you had to do is to take the tape off the camera and put it on your 1 player. At most, you had to read an article to understand the difference between HS and Betamax. Video was only consumed in two ways: television or cinema. Nowadays, you’ll probably run out of fingers 2 how many video formats (格式) there are out there, let alone the number of platforms and devices on which video is played.

Understanding what each video format is and does is no child’s play. In fact, it is a “must” if you want your work to look the best regardless of where and how it is played. If, for example, you want to 3 a video website, the type of file you’ll need to use will most likely to be different from the one you’ll have to create for your social media accounts. In order to make this whole process a lot easier, we have put together a list of the most common video formats and which ones you should use for each purpose.

So what’s the best video format?

4 , there isn’t a cure-all when it comes to video sharing. The good thing is that it’s actually really easy to 5 between video formats. If you do so, be sure to always save the original file in order to avoid 6 of image quality due to file compression(压缩).

Here are three of the most common video uses and the 7 formats for each of them:

Social media: MP4 is supported by Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, IGTV, and YouTube. Facebook also 8 MOV, while YouTube accepts most video formats.

TV and computers: AVI, MOV, and MKV 9 the highest quality image which makes them great options for big screen streaming.

Website: WEBM and HTML5 are the video formats meant for your account. However, using tools such as Wix Video will allow you to work with almost any file 10 , as well as offer you much more control over your work.

2023-01-09更新 | 88次组卷

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文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的北斗导航系统正在世界舞台上占据一席之地，具体梳理了目前GPS、GLONASS、伽利略和北斗系统的发展和服务，详细说明了北斗系统的服务特色和推广使用。

【推荐2】Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. alternative B. access C. deny D. standing E. interoperation
F. uniquely G. envisions H. surface I. capability J. attentively K. markets

China’s GPS Challenger Takes Its Place on the World Stage

GPS

GPS was created in the early 1970s U.S., when the Department of Defense (DOD) wanted to guarantee a stable, accessible satellite navigation system for military use. This-system reached fully operational 1 in 1993. GPS currently delivers two levels of service: Standard Positioning Service, which is available to all users on a continuous, worldwide basis; and Precise Positioning Service, whose 2 is restricted to the U.S. Armed Forces, U.S. Federal agencies.

GLONASS

In keeping with its pattern of imitating U.S. technology, the Soviet Union decided to field its own GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System). Development of GLONASS began 3 years after the United States started work on GPS. GLONASS provides “real-time positioning and speed data for 3 , sea, and airborne objects around the world.”

An agreement in 2000 allowed China to use GLONASS for basic navigation. Multiple sweeping agreements with China in 2019 include both the use of GLONASS and 4 with ground radar stations built to support BeiDou.

Galileo

Galileo is the European GNSS. The European Commission and European Space Agency built Galileo together to provide their member states with an independent, European 5 to GPS or GLONASS whose owners can degrade or 6 the system at any time. Galileo went live in 2016 and currently has 26 satellites in orbit.

BeiDou

China decided to develop BeiDou after the 1995 — 1996 Taiwan Strait Crisis, when an unexpected disruption in GPS caused the People’s Liberation Army to lose track of its ballistic missiles (弹道导弹) fired over the Taiwan Strait. China decided it could not afford to repeat such an incident. Even though China had a 7 agreement with Russia to use GLONASS for basic navigation, China persisted with its plan to develop BeiDou.

Although every GNSS broadcasts a more accurate signal for only military and government use, BeiDou 8 provides these sensitive users with information about the status and current accuracy of the navigation signal in real time. China aggressively 9 BeiDou to private sectors, especially as part of its BRI in Asian countries. By the end of 2019, more than 70 percent of Chinese smartphones utilized BeiDou. China aims to use BeiDou, together with its fifth-generation cellphone technology, to dominate the market for telecommunications services, which China 10 will include next-generation technologies such as autonomous vehicles. Agreements to use BeiDou have already been signed with 120 partners in more than 30 countries.

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【推荐3】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

The Next Frontier: Using Thought to Control Machines

Technologies are often billed as transformative. For William Kochevar, the term is justified. Mr Kochevar is paralysed below the shoulders after a cycling accident, yet has managed to feed himself by his own hand. This 1 progress is partly thanks to electrodes, implanted in his right arm, which stimulate muscles. But the real magic lies higher up. Mr Kochevar can control his arm using the power of thought. His intention to move is 2 in neural(神经的) activity in his motor region; these signals are detected by implants in his brain and 3 into commands to activate the electrodes in his arms.

An ability to decode thought in this way may sound like science fiction. But brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) like the BrainGate system used by Mr Kochevar provide evidence that mind-control can work. Researchers are able to tell what words and images people have heard and seen from neural activity alone. Information can also be encoded and used to stimulate the brain. Over 300, 000 people have cochlear(耳蜗的) implants, which help them to hear by 4 sound into electrical signals and sending them into the brain. Scientists have “ 5 ” data into monkeys heads, instructing them to perform actions via electrical pulses.

As our Technology Quarterly in this issue explains, the pace of research into BCIs and the scale of its ambition are 6 . Both America’s armed forces and Silicon Valley are starting to focus on the brain. Facebook dreams of thought-to-text 7 . Kernel, a startup, has $100m to spend on neurotechnology. Elon Musk has formed a firm called Neuralink; he thinks that, if humanity is to survive the arrival of artificial intelligence, it needs an upgrade. Entrepreneurs imagine a world in which people can communicate using thoughts, with each other and with machines, or acquire 8 abilities, such as hearing at very high frequencies.

These powers, if they ever materialise, are decades away. But well before then, BCIs could open the door to wonderful new 9 . Imagine stimulating the visual region to help the blind, making new neural 10 in stroke victims or monitoring the brain for signs of depression. By turning the firing of neurons into a resource to be used, BCIs may change the idea of what it means to be human.

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