组卷网 > 高中英语综合库 > 语篇范围 > 体裁分类 > 说明文
题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:535 题号:1607319
William Butler Yeats, a most famous Irish writer, was born in Dublin on June 13, 1865. His childhood lacked the harmony that was typical of a happy family. Later, Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered "little of childhood but its pain". In fact, he inherited (继承) excellent taste in art from his family — both his father and his brother were painters. But he finally settled on literature, particularly drama and poetry.
Yeats had strong faith in the coming of new artistic movements. He set himself the fresh task in founding an Irish national theatre in the late 1890s. His early theatrical experiments, however, were not received favorably at the beginning. He didn't lose heart, and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama.
Compared with his dramatic works, Yeats's poems attract much admiring notice. The subject matter includes love, nature, history, time and aging. Though Yeats generally relied on very traditional forms, he brought modern sensibility to them. As his literary life progressed, his poetry grew finer and richer, which led him to worldwide recognition.
He had not enjoyed a major public life since winning the Nobel Prize in 1923. Yet, he continued writing almost to the end of his life. Had Yeats stopped writing at age 40, he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the ages of 50 and 75. After Yeats's Death in 1939, W. H. Auden wrote, among others, the following lines:
Earth, receive an honoured guest:
             William Yeats is laid to rest.
             Let the Irish vessel (船) lie
             Emptied of its poetry.
1. Which of the following can describe Yeats's family?
A.It filled Yeats's childhood with laughter.
B.It was shocked by Yeats's choice.
C.It was a typically wealthy family.
D.It had an artistic atmosphere.
2. According to the passage, what do we know about Yeats's life?
A.Yeats founded the first Irish theater.
B.Yeats stuck to modern forms in his poetry.
C.Yeats began to produce his best works from the 1910s.
D.Yeats was not favored by the public until the 1923 Noble Prize.
3. What kind of feeling is expressed in W. H. Auden's lines?
A.EnvyB.SympathyC.EmptinessD.Admiration
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A.Yeats's literary achievementsB.Yeats's historical influence
C.Yeats's artistic ambitionD.Yeats's national honor

相似题推荐

阅读理解-阅读单选(约330词) | 适中 (0.65)
名校
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了一项研究表明,墨鱼有自我控制能力,在“棉花糖测试”中它们可以做到延迟满足,那些等待最久的墨鱼在学习测试中显示出更好的认知表现。

【推荐1】Much like the popular TikTok challenge where kids resist eating snacks, cuttlefish can do the same! Cuttlefish can delay gratification(满足)—wait for a better meal rather than be tempted by the one at hand—and those that can wait longest also do better in a learning test, scientists have discovered.

This fascinating report marks the first time a link between self-control and intelligence has been found in an animal other than humans and chimpanzees. It is published this week in Proceedings of the Royal Society B. The research was conducted by lead author Alexandra Schnell of University of Cambridge, at the Marine Biological Laboratory(MBL), Woods Hole.

“We used a slightly-changed version of the Stanford marshmallow(棉花糖) test in the 1970s, where children were given a choice of taking an immediate reward(1 marshmallow) or waiting to earn a delayed but better reward(2 marshmallows),” Schnell says. “Cuttlefish in the present study were all able to wait for the better reward and tolerated delays for up to 50—130 seconds, which is even comparable to what we see in large-brained vertebrates(脊椎动物) such as chimpanzees(黑猩猩), crows, and parrots.” Cuttlefish that could wait longer for a meal also showed better cognitive(认知的) performance in a learning task. In that experiment, cuttlefish were trained to associate a visual cue with a food reward. Then, the situation was the other way round, so the reward became associated with a different cue. “The cuttlefish that were quickest at learning both of those associations were better at keeping self-control.” Schnell says.

Why cuttlefish have evolved this capacity for self-control is a bit mysterious. Delayed gratification in humans is thought to strengthen social bonds between individuals—such as waiting to eat so a partner can eat first—which benefits the species as a whole. But whether it may also be a function of most animals still remains to be further explored.

1. How does the author lead to the topic?
A.By giving an example.B.By explaining a definition.
C.By quoting a famous saying.D.By introducing a research result.
2. What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 3?
A.The procedures and result of the experiment.
B.The amazing evolution of cuttlefish’s brain ability.
C.The background and the researchers in the experiment.
D.The comparison between the brains of human and cuttlefish.
3. What can we know about the experiment?
A.Cuttlefish’s delayed gratification is linked to better cognitive performance.
B.The researchers later adapted the experiment for a Stanford marshmallow test.
C.Previous link between self-control and intelligence has been found in animals.
D.Four sea species have been so far confirmed with the ability to delay gratification.
4. Which might be the best title of this passage?
A.Cuttlefish: The Impatient Waiter and Quick Hunter
B.A Test Challenging Kids: To Eat Now or To Eat Not?
C.Large-brained Vertebrates: Better Self Control Leads to More Rewards
D.Delayed Gratification: Quick-Learning Cuttlefish Pass “The Marshmallow Test”
2024-01-22更新 | 56次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 适中 (0.65)
名校

【推荐2】The famous French beauty company L’Oreal has promised that by 2030, 95 percent of its ingredients will come from renewable plant sources and be respectful of the environment. Asked what is driving the beauty industry to clean and green beauty, Laurent Gilbert, one of L’Oreal’s directors said, “Natural science has made progress in the past years, so that we can change to natural ingredients.”

L’Oreal says it will draw on recent developments in Green Sciences to get the best that nature has to offer through technology. Up to now, 80 percent of the Group’s materials have been easily biodegradable, 59 percent have been renewable, and 34 percent have been natural or of natural origin. And 29 percent of the ingredients used in their products were developed following the rules of Green Chemistry.

“We have already used active ingredients which are plant-based. The way we are getting and producing ingredients will change. For example, we are now fully getting vitamin C from biotechnology processes, which was not the case in the past,” Gilbert added.

As part of their sustainability program, the brand had also promised to use less plastic. It said, “By 2030, 100 percent of the plastics used in L’Oreal’s products’ packaging will be from recycled sources. We have a strong policy to help reach that goal. Besides making it recycled, we are trying to move to a new kind of packaging.”

“All our promises are global. We have two research centers in India, one in Bengaluru and one in Mumbai. Those are really important to those goals. The Bengaluru one is being specialized in natural ingredients. It will give support to this change,” says the research center, which was set up in India in 1994.

To achieve these aims, L’Oreal has brought all of its resources in Green Science together, including recent progress in agricultural economics, together with new developments in biotechnology, Green Chemistry and modelling tools. The Group is also building strong relationships with universities, new companies and its own material supplies.

1. What plays an important role in L’Oreal’s decision to change its ingredients?
A.The support from the local government.B.The development of natural science.
C.The call for smart spending habits.D.The research on target markets.
2. How does the author show L’Oreal’s environmental efforts in Paragraph 2?
A.By listing data.B.By making comparisons.
C.By telling personal stories.D.By showing causes and effects.
3. Why does L’Oreal turn to a new packaging method?
A.To bring convenience to customers.B.To avoid damage to its products.
C.To cut the cost of packaging.D.To reduce plastic use.
4. What does L’Oreal do to reach its goals?
A.Develop new resources and join hands with different groups.
B.Limit the number of factories in developed countries.
C.Grow more plants and invite plenty of professionals.
D.Keep the traditional way of producing materials.
2021-11-19更新 | 44次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约400词) | 适中 (0.65)
名校

【推荐3】Is it time to put the brakes on the development of artificial intelligence? If you've quietly asked yourself that question, you're not alone. In late March, a group of AI experts signed an open letter calling for a six-month pause on the development of more powerful models than GPT-4; European researchers called for tighter AI   regulations; and long-time AI researcher Yudkowsky demanded a complete shutdown of AI development.

Meanwhile, the industry shows no sign of slowing down. In March, a senior AI executive at Microsoft spoke of “very, very high”   pressure from chief executive to get GPT-4 and other new models to the public   “at a very high speed ”. GPT-4 is much larger and has been trained on significantly more data. Like other large language models, GPT-4 works by guessing the next word in response to prompts(提示). In tests, it passed legal and medical exams, and can write software better than professionals in many cases. And its full range of abilities is yet to be discovered.

GPT-4 and models like it are likely to have huge effects across many layers of society. They could facilitate personalized phishing(网络钓鱼) attacks, produce disinformation at scale, and be used to hack through the net -work security around computer systems. Open   AI's own research suggests models like GPT-4 are   “general-purpose technologies” which will influence 80 percent of the US workforce.   Professions such as customer services, primary translations and editing, and security guard will be greatly impacted. Moreover, technology is accelerating much faster than our ability to understand and regulate it. If we're not careful, it will also drive changes that are too fast for safety. The US sociologist E. O. Wilson described the dangers of change like so:   “The real problem of humanity is the following: we have   Paleolithic(旧石器时代的) emotions, medieval(中世纪的) institutions and god-like technology.”

I believe a wise course of action is to slow down and think about where we want to take these technologies. It is not about stopping, but rather moving at a sustainable pace of progress. We can choose to steer this technology, rather than assume it has a life of its own we can't control.

1. How is the first paragraph mainly developed?
A.By listing reasons.
B.By giving examples.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By analyzing cause and effect.
2. What do we know about GPT-4?
A.It has no match in software writing.
B.AI experts have stopped its development.
C.We don't have a clear picture of what it can do.
D.It works by creating the next word with no need for prompts.
3. Which of the following does E .O. Wilson probably agree with?
A.We manage to keep up with AI Technology.
B.We can be taken back to ancient times by AI Technology.
C.AI Technology is developing too fast and beyond our control.
D.AI Technology has a minor impact on different fields of society.
4. What might be a suitable title for the text?
A.Time to Adjust to AIB.Time to Go Slow on AI
C.An Urgent Stop to AID.A Significant Progress of AI
2024-01-23更新 | 111次组卷
共计 平均难度:一般