“When I use a word,” Humpty Dumpty said, “it means just what I choose to mean — neither more nor less.”
— THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS
I agree with Mr. Dumpty: Words have meaning. But surely we can seize upon a meaning and then create a word to match it. The following words-some culled from the crowdsourced online dictionary urban dictionary.com and others I’ve concocted myself-don’t exist according to Merriam-Webster...but should I call them “worderfuls”.
blamestorming n. — The act of attempting to identify the person who is most at fault for a plan’s failure.
cellfish n. — Someone who talks on the phone to the exclusion of those he or she is with.
chairdrobe n. — A chair on which one piles clothes that belong in the closet. Not to be confused with a floordrobe.
chiptease n. — A bag of potato chips that seems full but is mostly air.
dullema n. — The choice between two equally boring outcomes.
epiphinot n. —An idea that seems like an amazing insight to the conceiver but is in fact pointless, mundane, stupid, or incorrect.
errorist n. — Someone who is repeatedly or invariably wrong.
nonversation n. — A completely meaningless or useless conversation.
pregret v. — To know what you’re about to do is wrong, wrong, wrong while also knowing you will do it anyway.
unlighten v. — To learn something that makes you dumber.
1. According to the writer, “worderfuls” refer to words ________.A.that are collected by online dictionaries |
B.that already exist but have a new meaning |
C.that are made up to match certain meanings |
D.that have been included in Merriam-Webster |
A.blamestorming | B.chairdrobe | C.chiptease | D.errorist |
3. Which of the following words best fits the blank in the sentence: Since you ________ to go abroad, why on earth do you choose to go to France?
A.cellfish | B.nonversation | C.pregret | D.unlighten |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is estimated (估计) to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.
In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate (足够的) working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
1. What would be the best title for this passage?A.The Difficulties of Learning English |
B.International Communications |
C.The Standard Varieties of English |
D.English as a World Language |
A.Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English. |
B.There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world. |
C.It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English. |
D.People learn English for a variety of reasons. |
A.It was popular during Shakespeare's time. |
B.It is used in former British colonies. |
C.It serves the needs of its native speakers. |
D.It is a world language that is used for international communication. |
A.The ability to read a newspaper. |
B.It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation. |
C.Being a multilingual. |
D.Being a native speaker. |
【推荐2】Why Is Canadian English Unique?
Is there such a thing as Canadian English? If so, what is it?
The standard stereotype (刻板印象) among Americans is that Canadians are like Americans, except that they say “eh” a lot and pronounce “out and about” as “oot and aboot.” Many Canadians, on the other hand, will tell you that Canadian English is more like British English, and proof holds that the spellings “colour” and “centre” and the name “zed” for the letter Z.
Canadian does exist as a separate variety of English, with subtly (细微地) distinctive features of pronunciation and vocabulary. It has its own dictionaries; the Canadian Press has its own style guide. However, the core of Canadian English is ambivalence (矛盾).
Canadian history helps to explain this. In the beginning, there were the indigenous peoples (原住民), with far more linguistic (语言的) and cultural variety than Europe. Starting in the 1600s, the French colonized the St. Lawrence River region and the Atlantic coast south of it. In the mid-1700s, England got into a war with France, concluding with the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which ceded (割让) “New France” to England. The English allowed any French to stay who were willing to become subjects (臣民) of the English King.
At the time of the Treaty of Paris, however, there were very few English speakers in Canada. The American Revolution(革命) changed that. The founding English-speaking people of Canada were United Empire Loyalists — people who fled (逃离) American independence and were rewarded with land in Canada. As a result, Canadian English was, from its very beginning, both American — because its speakers had come from the American colonies — and not American, because they rejected the newly independent nation.
Just as the Americans sought to have a truly distinct, independent American version of English, the loyalists sought to remain more like England. These were people whose variety of English was already different from the British and vice versa. When the residents of London began to drop their r’s and change some of their vowels (元音), people in certain parts of the United States adopted some of these changes, but Canadians did not.
There did end up being more British influx (大量涌入) and influence in Canada. After the War of 1812, Mother England encouraged emigration to Canada to ensure the loyalty to England. The accent did not become British, though British schoolteachers and authorities did leave their marks on the nation’s spelling and grammar.
Today, one-fifth of Canadians have a mother tongue other than English or French — nearly as many as have French as their mother tongue. And yet the basic character of Canadian English still appears like a household of Anglophile (亲英派) Americans, with bits from other cultures mainly in the kitchen, a few traces of the indigenous cultures who used to be the only residents, and some influence from the French roommate.
1. What do many Canadians consider Canadian English?A.It is more like American English. |
B.It is more like British English. |
C.It is pronounced like American English. |
D.It is spelled like American English. |
A.It has its own dictionaries. |
B.It has no feature. |
C.It has a separate vocabulary. |
D.The Canadian has a long history. |
A.The colonization of France. |
B.The independence of America. |
C.A variety of indigenous cultures. |
D.The Canadian civil war. |
A.Canadian English was, from its very beginning, both American and not American. |
B.Its speakers had come from the American colonies and they rejected the newly independent nation. |
C.The French once colonized Canada, thus influencing the language. |
D.The loyalists sought to remain more like England, but Canadian English became a combination of independent American and Mother British. |
【推荐3】Hello and welcome to English with Lucy. Today we have another topic:“Four common British expressions.” Now, before we get started, make sure you connect with me on all my social media which is right here. You can subscribe to my YouTube. You can also like me on Facebook. And for my Chinese followers, I have my Weibo account as well.
Four Common British Expressions:
“A piece of cake.”
And this is very similar to “Easy-peasy, lemon squeezy,” which we've discussed in a former video. And basically, it means very easy. So I might come out of an easy exam saving, “That exam was a piece of cake. ”
“Break a leg!”
It actually looks really rather cruel, but I promise you it's positive. And “Break a leg!” means “Good luck!” So before a race, before a job interview, before a test, instead of saying “Good luck!” I might say “Break a leg!”
“It cost an arm and a leg.”
And this basically means something was really expensive. If I say, “My bag cost an arm and a leg,” I mean it cost a lot of money.
“To call it a day.”
And this means “to end a task”. So, for example, “I'm feeling a bit tired. I think I'll call it a day. ”That means “I think I'll stop here. Let's finish.”
Thank you so much for watching this program of “Four Common British Expressions.” I hope you like it, and I hope you've learned something.
1. How can Chinese listeners connect with Lucy?A.With Wechat | B.Through Weibo | C.On Facebook | D.By YouTube. |
A.Break a leg! | B.It cost an arm and a leg. |
C.To call it a day | D.A piece of cake. |
A.He/She will stop that day | B.He/She feels tired |
C.Class is over. | D.It is daytime. |
【推荐1】SEA Summer High School Programs 2022
Science at SEA
Science at SEA is a four-week program for rising high school juniors and seniors, as well as recent high school graduates, which focuses on the coastal and offshore marine(海洋的) environment around Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The program includes a shore component on the SEA campus in Woods Hole and a sea component aboard the Sailing School Vessel (SSV) Corwith Cramer.
July 21- August 13 Expense: $4, 000
SEA Quest
SEA Quest is a two-week program that welcomes high school students and recent graduates. Participants will gain hands-on experience conducting field research, sailing a tall ship, and understanding of the complexities of creating and managing marine reserves. They return home with a broader sense of the ocean’s importance to our planet and the need to preserve this precious resource for future generations. Life here is fast-paced. No prior sailing experience is necessary. Strong desire to learn is required!
July 11 - July 22 Expense: $ 3, 200
SEA Cape
This three-week summer program at SEA offers current high school students the opportunity to study the marine environment from a variety of perspectives: scientific, historical, and literary. Participants live and study at our campus in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.
June 27 - July 14 Expense: $ 3, 800
SEA Expedition
This two-week summer program for high school students, including graduating seniors, is centered on learning by doing. SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing , and occurs entirely aboard the ship SSV Corwith Cramer. Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.
July 5 - July 17 Expense: $ 3, 500
1. Which program lasts the longest?A.Science at SEA. | B.SEA Quest. |
C.SEA Cape. | D.SEA Expedition. |
A.Previous experience in sailing. |
B.Great eagerness to study the sea. |
C.Ability to conduct scientific experiments. |
D.Knowledge of sea resources preservation. |
A.It offers opportunities of sailing. |
B.It entirely takes place on a ship. |
C.It features many relaxing activities. |
D.It allows graduates to participate in. |
A.Science at SEA. | B.SEA Quest. |
C.SEA Cape. | D.SEA Expedition. |
A.Previous experience in sailing is needed. |
B.Participants can enjoy a relaxing life there. |
C.Participants can learn about the important role of sea. |
D.They provide participants a chance to drive the ship. |
【推荐2】Ants are good navigators (导航员). They often travel long distances to search for food and carry it back to their nests. But how do they do it?
An international team of scientists, including researchers at the University of Edinburgh, UK, has recently come up with an explanation. According to the findings, ants use visual (视觉的) memories of their environments and the sun's position to find their way home. And they can even do it while traveling backwards.
The researchers studied a group of desert ants in Seville, Spain. The study's purpose was to find out how ants navigate when they carry pieces of food of different sizes.
To make it work, the scientists first trained the ants to follow a particular path back home, including a challenging 90-degree turn. Then the ants were given either a small or a large piece of food to test their navigational skills.
Ants with small pieces of food walked forward and cleared the 90-degree turn just fine. However, those with larger pieces sometimes had to turn backwards to drag (拖) them. Generally, these ants would set off in the correct direction. But if they stayed too long in the backward position, they would miss the correct turn to reach the nest. Interestingly, not all of the backward-walking ants were that stubborn. Some would drop the food occasionally (偶尔) to check their surroundings (环境). So after turning back to pick up their food, the ants would find themselves back on the nest.
Researchers believe the ants were taking advantage of a mix of different information to navigate backwards. This may include local landmarks (地标), the position of the sun, and their position in the environment. To prove this, they used a mirror to make it look like the sun was on the other side of the sky. In that case, the backward ants would turn toward the opposite direction.
Barbara Webb, a professor from the University of Edinburgh's School of Informatics, said the findings could help people make smarter robots in future.
“Understanding their behavior gives us new insights into brain function and has inspired us to build robot systems that mimic (模仿) their functions,” she told the BBC.
Scientists have been able to copy the neural (神经的) network in the ant's brain. The hope is to invent robots that can explore by themselves in natural areas such as forests.
1. According to the new study ants ________.A.mainly depend on local landmarks to guide them home |
B.cannot navigate well when they are carrying food with them |
C.prefer to travel in groups to avoid being lost on long-distance journeys |
D.use the sun’s position and visual memories of their surroundings to navigate |
A.They were motivated by food to follow a particular path. |
B.They were sure to lose their way when making. |
C.They could not find the correct way back once lost. |
D.They sometimes got lost if they traveled backwards for too long |
A.How scientists test ants' navigational skills. |
B.The link between ants' traveling habits and brain functions. |
C.Ants' navigational skills and their possible application. |
D.Different ways ants carry food pieces of various sizes. |
【推荐3】It seems that the Englishmen just cannot live without sports of some kind. A famous French humorist once said that this is because the English insist on behaving like children all their lives. Wherever you go in this country, you will see both children and grown-ups knocking a ball about with a stick or something, as if in Britain men shall always remain boys and women girls! Still, it can never be bad to get exercise, can it?
Taking all amateur(业余)and professional sports in Britain into consideration, there can be no doubt that football is at the top of the list. It is called soccer in the United States. The game originated(起源于)in Britain and was played in the Middle Ages or even earlier, though as an organized game, or “association football”, it dates only from the beginning of the 19th century.
The next is rugby, which is called “football” in the United States. It is a kind of football played by two teams of fifteen players than eleven. In rugby, an oval-shaped ball is used which can be handled as well as kicked. It is a pretty rough game.
In summer, cricket is the most popular sport. In fact, it has sometimes been called the English national game. Most foreigners find the game rather slow or even boring, but it enjoys great popularity among the British.
Tennis rates high on the list, too. It was introduced into England from France in the 15th century, but it was from England that it spread to practically every country in the world.
Table tennis, or “ping-pong”, surely is not played on a great scale as it is in China or Japan. Basketball and volleyball were introduced into Britain during the late 19th century from America and are gaining popularity. Horse-back riding, swimming, rowing and golf all attract a lot of people.
1. The main purpose of Paragraph l is to tell us that the English__________.A.are all sports lovers | B.behave like children |
C.like to kick a ball around | D.can remain young all their lives |
A.They differ in the shape of the ball. | B.They are played by different numbers of players. |
C.They both can be handled. | D.They both can be kicked. |
A.basketball | B.tennis | C.rugby | D.football |
A.The Most Popular Sports | B.The English Sports |
C.History of Sports | D.Sports in Britain |