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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:286 题号:17166144

Born on her family’s farm in Ray, North Dakota, Mary Sherman Morgan had been helping her father with farm work before she could attend the small-town schoolhouse. Being a few years behind didn’t hold her back and she graduated from high school with honors. Aware of her intelligence, she ran away from Ray to attend Minot State University as a chemistry major, where her skill was evident.

The outbreak of World War II resulted in a national shortage of chemists and scientists. In spite of the fact that she was still a student and a woman, she was offered a job as a chemical analyst due to her talents, producing explosives(爆炸物)for the wartime effort. She put her degree on hold and moved to Ohio, taking on the dangerous job of analyzing unstable chemicals to produce weapons.

After the war ended there was a fall in demand for explosives, so she made a move to the field of aeronautics, moving to California to work for NAA(North American Aviation). The only woman out of 900 engineers, she was soon promoted to a role which involved calculating the performance of rocket propellants(推进剂)and designing speciality fuels to work with different engines. However, never having returned to complete her degree, she was not afforded the rank or higher pay of an engineer, even though she had all the skills and knowledge of one.

Her experience with propellants meant that when NAA was tasked to find a fuel capable of lifting the redesigned Redstone missiles into space, Mogan was appointed technical lead on the project. National pride was on the line, so Morgan set about investigating fuels. After countless trails, she finally designed her own mixture, which was named Hydyne.

Hydyne tested well with the Redstone missiles and subsequently other aircraft(飞行器), such as Jupiter-C rockets, proving to be a quick solution to getting to space without a total rocket redesign. The fuel made the first successful US satellite launch possible, even if Morgan silently slipped away from her success, retiring to focus on her family and leaving her chemistry career behind.

1. What do we know about Mary?
A.She attended school while helping with farm work.
B.She was offered a job as a chemistry analyst after graduation.
C.She shifted her working focus as the domestic demand changed.
D.She launched the first US satellite before retiring from her career.
2. What does the underlined word “aeronautics” probably mean?
A.Analyzing chemicals.B.Producing explosives.
C.Mixing and saving fuels.D.Designing and building aircraft.
3. What made Mary the technical lead on the project of NAA?
A.Her discovery of Hydyne.B.Her rank as an engineer.
C.Her special knowledge in fuels.D.Her sense of national pride.
4. Which of the following words can best describe Mary Sherman Morgan?
A.Caring and determined.B.Courageous and creative.
C.Intelligent but sensitive.D.Accomplished but proud.
【知识点】 记叙文 航空航天 科学家

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文章大意:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ahmed Muhammad如何通过自己的努力和创意,激发孩子们对科学的兴趣,并创建了一个非营利组织Kits Cubed,旨在向孩子们介绍科学。

【推荐1】Getting into science is often difficult for some kids, It’s something Ahmed Muhammad learned quickly while babysitting his niece and nephew.

Muhammad is an 18-year-old senior from California. who attends Oakland Tech High school. One day he asked his niece and nephew if they wanted to do science, and he was upset by their reaction.

“Whenever I babysit them, we do things like playing chess, playing video games, or watching TV or whatever. When I tried to do science with them, they were like, No, I hate science. I’m bad at it.” It was that moment that fueled Muhammad to create his nonprofit called “Kits Cubed” with a mission to introduce kids to science through fun, affordable and accessible means.

“I went into my room and I pulled out some science books. Then I went online and did some research and was able to design some science experiments for them to do at home. The materials were composed of fairly cheap stuff we have around the house, and they loved it” Muhammad said.

After witnessing their joy, he realized other children could benefit from it as well. “Having noticed the long-standing absence of science experiments in our school, I really feel like well need some science kits in the hands of kids,” Muhammad said.

That’s when he took the $200 he had saved to create a website and began creating science kits to sell, and eventually donated the earnings to kids in need. “I had enough money to make the website and enough to put together like 10 or 15 kits. My initial goal was the joy that my niece and nephew felt. I wanted it to get to as many kids as possible,” Muhammad said.

Muhammad, who has been accepted to Stanford University, is just thrilled he was able to help change his niece and his nephew’s opinion of science while inspiring others as well.

1. What is the main pursuit of Kits Cubed?
A.To solve the absence of science at school.
B.To promote acceptance of scientific spirit.
C.To provide free access to household stuff.
D.To set in motion kids’ passion for science.
2. What made Muhammad decide to share the science kits?
A.Online research he carried out about materials.
B.Enjoyable reactions he observed from the kids.
C.Science books he published about experiments.
D.Science fairs he participated in at his own school.
3. What can be known about his website?
A.It targeted at kids aged from 10 to 15.
B.It received donations for kids in need.
C.It was primarily funded by local school.
D.It initially profited from sales of science kits.
4. Which of the following best describes Muhammad?
A.Composed.B.Childlike.C.Charitable.D.Cooperative.
2024-01-22更新 | 68次组卷
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【推荐2】Earlier this month, 6-year-old Isaac went on vacation to Fort Walton, Florida, with his family. While they were there, his mother Garrett learned about LuLu, a restaurant that offers food to customers with food allergies(过敏).

At LuLu, Isaac could eat a salad and a bowl of chicken soup with rice. “Isaac looked at me as if asking, ‘Is this OK?’ ” Garrett said. Once his mom gave the OK, Isaac enjoyed for the first time the experience of eating at a restaurant. “That look on his face was like, ‘This is the coolest thing I’ve ever done,’ ” Garrett added.

Garrett and her family rarely eat out because of Isaac’s food allergies. When they do, she cooks something for Isaac at home before they leave and brings it with her to the restaurant. “It’s not fun and it feels unfair,” she said.

Their night at LuLu marked a celebration for Isaac. Garrett shared the moment on the restaurant’s Facebook page. “Thank you from the bottom of my heart for giving Isaac this wonderful experience,” she wrote in her post.

Barnett, the restaurant’s manager, said, “When customers tell the staff that someone in their group has a food allergy, I assist with the order by passing it to the kitchen, ensuring it’s cooked in a separate station and delivering the finished food to the guests. We have been improving this process over the past ten years since our allergy program was started.”

On Garrett’s Facebook post, LuLu thanked Garrett for sharing her story. “Thank you for sharing your experience with us,” the restaurant wrote in a comment, “We are excited to see your son so happy!” Garrett is hoping her post’s popularity will persuade other restaurants to be more considerate. “LuLu takes it seriously as we take it – nothing could make us happier than that,” she said.

1. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Eating chicken soup with rice.
B.Eating at a restaurant.
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D.Being on vacation with her family.
2. What will Barnett do when guests with allergies come to dinner?
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D.He will cook dinner in a separate station.
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A.The popularity of her post made Garrett excited.
B.Garrett is unsatisfied with other restaurants.
C.LuLu thanks Garrett for eating in the restaurant.
D.Garrett hopes more restaurants will follow LuLu’s steps.
4. From which is the text probably taken?
A.A biology textbook.B.A health magazine.
C.A research paper.D.A travel brochure.
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【推荐3】A Businessman ordered ten goldsmiths to make ten coins each. Each coin was to weigh exactly ten gram of pure gold.

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The businessman was a clever person.   He took a certain number of coins from each of the smiths,   weighed them together once only and found their weight to be 540 grams. This was enough for him to find out which one of the goldsmiths had cheated.

1. The word “goldsmith” means        .
A.a person named Smith who sells articles(物品) made of gold
B.a thief who steal gold
C.a worker who makes articles of gold
D.a person who works for the man named Smith
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4. Suppose the businessman took one coin from the first smith, two from the second, and ten from the tenth,   he found out that he      goldsmith was the cheat.
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