While those in education understand the current state of the nation’s literacy (读写能力) crisis, most everyday Americans are dangerously unaware.
According to the U. S. Department of Education, nearly 130 million American adults read below a sixth-grade level. Now, consider how that number represents more than half the adult U. S. population.
That’s not surprising, according to the most recent “Nation’s Report Card” by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The NAEP reports that roughly just one-third of students in fourth, eighth and 12th grades are proficient (精通) in reading and have “solid academic performance and demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter.”
In fact, this U. S. reading crisis has been 20 years in the making. While one-third of students are considered proficient, the statistics are even more alarming for low-income students, students of color and students with disabilities.
Meanwhile, the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病) has exposed a growing “digital divide” in which those without access to supportive learning programs and teachers will continue to slide through the cracks.
This is troubling for many reasons. Literacy can be a great equalizer, leveling the playing field across systemic social issues, like race and gender inequality. It plays an enormous role in increasing access to economic opportunity.
It is estimated that increasing literacy proficiency has the potential to generate a lot more in annual income for the United States. And on the individual level, illiteracy can impact a person’s lifetime earning potential by 30 — 42%.
Still, the benefits of literacy go far beyond someone’s earning ability. Literacy supports social, physical and emotional well-being, and it affects everything from crime rates to hospital admissions to self-confidence.
But challenging as the literacy landscape may seem right now, there is cause for optimism. And the strategy for literacy is simple.
1. What do we know about America’s literacy crisis?A.It dates back about two decades. |
B.It is well understood by most Americans. |
C.It involves half of the American population. |
D.It is mainly caused by the growing digital divide. |
A.To attract public attention to these students. |
B.To show the seriousness of literacy crisis in America. |
C.To stress the inequality in the American education system. |
D.To praise the high reading proficiency level of American students. |
A.Higher crime rates. | B.Increased self-confidence. |
C.Stronger desire for wealth. | D.Equal learning opportunities. |
A.Tolerant. | B.Ambiguous. | C.Doubtful. | D.Hopeful. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Are you looking to load up your e-reader with some new books to promote your career? Well,look no further. Here are four best sellers for you!
The Boss of You by Lauren Bacon & Emira Mears
This book is a goldmine for women looking to start their own business. As a freelance writer (自由撰稿人), I read it several times when I decided to begin a career. I've folded so many pages in this book, and found some sections especially helpful, like the ones on figuring out start-up costs, drawing up a budget, and the ways to market yourself.
Suggested by Steph Auteri
The Path from Motherhood to Career by Diane Lang
I have used this book professionally myself after having my first child. Ms. Lang gives several choices that have worked for the women. At 62 pages long, every word counts. For moms that are still weighing choices, this book will help them decide if indeed it is time to go back to work.
Suggested by Anne Newton
Minding Her Own Business by Jan Zobel
Taxes are the same for women as are for men. Yet many women seem to have number anxiety that makes them feel they can’t deal well with their money. As a tax expert, I've seen this among my clients (客户) over the years. This book is designed for one-person businesses. Read it, and you’ll know what taxes to pay and what you needn’t.
Suggested by Jan Zobel
The Relationship Edge in Business by Jerry Acuff
For most women, the biggest challenges in our lives are the relationships we build and develop with our family and friends. Jerry explains how we can use those same relationship-building skills to build good relationships with our customers and co-workers that will help our business to grow soundly.
Suggested by Cyndy Kryder
1. What do we know about Steph Auteri from her recommending words?A.She was out of employment. | B.She was the author of the book. |
C.She's read the book carefully. | D.She's made a fortune by writing. |
A.To help readers manage taxes. | B.To tell readers how to start business. |
C.To advise readers to get on with colleagues. | D.To assist readers with re-employment. |
A.They are written by the same author. | B.They are recommended by experts. |
C.They are intended for women. | D.They are free to download. |
【推荐2】One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem-inability read.
In the library, I found my way into the “Children’s Room”. I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle (小猎犬). I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal friend I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle.
There on the book’s cover was a beagle which looked identical (相同的) to my dog. I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title. Without opening the book, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.
Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story, about a dog who,like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on until my lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.
My mother’s call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.
I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般的) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a Ph.D. in literature and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.
1. What did the mother order the author to do at the age of 12?A.To borrow books in the library. | B.To defeat his classmates. |
C.To read books in the library. | D.To learn to keep pets. |
A.Because it was a story of his beagle. |
B.Because it presented a picture of a beagle. |
C.Because he could read the book without difficulties. |
D.Because the beagle on the cover looked the same as his dog. |
A.This book’s hero is the author. |
B.The author missed his beagle very much. |
C.The author and his beagle will run together. |
D.The author’s dog returned to the owner’s family. |
A.He is proud of his dog. |
B.He has owned thousands of books. |
C.We can never ignore the charm of a book. |
D.We should care more about animals forever. |
【推荐3】Below is a screenshot of book review on a bestseller My Life on Craigslist.
Krysi Joseph4.0 out of 5 stars
Odd, fun and cute story. Great read
This was a cute, lighthearted book that explores the life of a Craigslist addict, and how Craiglist, a large free classifieds (分类广告) website, got her through her life so far. The story was well thought out and pretty realistic when it comes to life struggles. It gets a little unbelievable towards the end, and I don’t like it when authors conform to the ‘the world is perfect’ viewpoint most books have, but, that my pessimist breaking through.
The book needs some serious editing. She’s repeated the same exact line 3-4 times a couple of and ... (click for more)
Kindle Customer3.0 out of 5 stars
Would Have Given it 4 stars, but ...
The book went along well. Funny and totally in the here and now. I would have given it more if SPOILER ALERT (剧透警告): It didn’t end with her in a love relationship with the guy she had been spying on that fit her. Seriously, it went ... (click for more)
Lovetoread4.0 out of 5 stars
Beach or vacation read — it’s worth it!
I was intrigued by the description, so I gave it a shot. I’m glad I did. I was never like the main character, Emily, so it’s interesting to read about her aimless life. She lives on Craigslist - finding roommates, finding work, finding social ... (click for more)
Annabellall5.0 out of 5 stars
Lifting my spirits type unforgettable and funny book
I read and instantly loved this book, because it is witty and entertaining but at the same time has philosophical and psychological background with an honest look at the real life in a big city. It perfectly shows how a single young woman, while living there and surviving ... (click for more)
1. Who likes the book My Life on Craigslist most?A.Krysi Joseph. | B.Annabellall. |
C.Kindle Customer. | D.Lovetoread. |
A.The book deserves a good rating. |
B.The ending of the book is disappointing. |
C.The book is popular with Craigslist addicts. |
D.The book would have been perfect without editing errors. |
A.To advertise a bestseller. |
B.To recommend a website. |
C.To share a woman’s story. |
D.To present reviews of a book. |
【推荐1】More than a score of Australian rare mammals have been killed by wild cats. These predators, which arrived with European settlers, still threaten native wildlife — and are too plentiful on the mainland to eliminate, as has been achieved on some small islands which were previously filled with them. But Alexandra Ross of the University of New South Wales thinks she has come up with a different way to deal with the problem. As she writes in a paper in the Journal of Applied Ecology, she is giving feline (猫科的) — awareness lessons to wild animals involved in re-introduction programs, in order to try to make them cat-conscious.
Many Australian mammals, though not actually extinct, are restricted to fragments of cat-free habitat. This will, however, put the forced migrants back in the sights of the cats that caused the problem in the first place. Training the migrants while they are in captivity, using stuffed models and the sorts of sounds made by cats, has proved expensive and ineffective. Ms Ross therefore wondered whether putting them in large natural enclosures with a scattering of predators might serve as a form of training camp to prepare them for introduction into their new, cat-ridden homes.
She tested this idea on a type of bandicoot (袋狸) that superficially resembles a rabbit. She and her colleagues raised two hundred bandicoots in a huge enclosure that also contained five wild cats. As a control, she raised a nearly identical population in a similar enclosure without the cats. She left the animals to get on with life for two years, which, given that bandicoots breed four times a year and live for around eight years, was a considerable period for them. After some predation (扑食) and probably some learning, she abstracted 21 bandicoots from each enclosure, attached radio transmitters to them and released them into a third enclosure that had ten hungry cats in it. She then monitored what happened next. The outcome was that the training worked. Over the subsequent 40 days, ten of the untrained animals were eaten by cats, but only four of the trained ones. One particular behavioral difference she noticed was that bandicoots brought up in a predator-free environment were much more likely to sleep alone than were those brought up around cats. And when cats are around, sleeping alone is dangerous. How well bandicoots that have undergone this extreme training will survive in the wild remains to be seen. But Ms Ross has at least provided reason for hope.
1. What can be learned from the first paragraph?A.The feline-awareness lessons have proved ineffective. |
B.There are too many wild cats to be killed in Australia. |
C.Different ways have been tried to hunt and kill wildlife. |
D.Native wildlife has been threatened by a growing population of wild cats. |
A.Australian mammals restricted to certain areas |
B.The wild cats tracking down the mammals |
C.Wild animals involved in the program |
D.The predators captured by the animal trainers |
A.They were both closely monitored. | B.They had 200 bandicoots in total. |
C.They had similar natural environment. | D.They both had wild cats in them. |
A.Untrained bandicoots failed to identify cats. |
B.Training bandicoots prepared them to fight cats. |
C.Sleeping alone in the wild was dangerous. |
D.Bandicoots could be trained to avoid predators. |
【推荐2】Recordings (录音) of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away, a new study says. Beehives ( 蜂窝) either recorded or real may even prevent elephants from damaging farmer’s crops.
Years ago, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them. Today, Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might stop elephants from eating crops.
But before she asked farmers to set up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would frighten elephants away.
Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder. Then she threw a stone into the beehive, which burst into life. Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down. Next, Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a tree close to each family.
From a distance, Lucy turned on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera. Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds. Out of a total of 17 groups, only one group didn’t react to the sound of the angry bees. Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them. When Lucy played the sound of a waterfall ( 瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families, the animals were undisturbed. Even after four minutes, most of the groups stayed in one place.
Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times. She hasn’t tested enough groups yet to know and she has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.
1. What can be the title of the passage?A.Bees are the King of the Forest | B.How to Keep Elephants Away |
C.Don’t Get Close to Angry Bees | D.Angry Bees Frighten Big Elephants Away |
A.To record the sound of angry bees. |
B.To make a video of elephants. |
C.To see if elephants would run away. |
D.To find out more about the behavior of bees. |
A.Groups of elephants will make bees angry.. |
B.Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place. |
C.Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them. |
D.Young elephants ignore African honeybees. |
A.works by herself in Africa |
B.needs to test more elephant groups |
C.has stopped elephants eating crops |
D.has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms |
【推荐3】Have you ever spent an afternoon in the backyard,maybe grilling or enjoying a basketball game, when suddenly you notice that everything goes quiet? There is an old phrase “calm before the storm",often used in a situation—a quiet period just before a great activity or. excitement. According to our own experience, we know there is actually calm before the storm. But what causes this calm? And is it always calm before the storm? Let's hear what scientists have to say..
A period of calm happens in a particular kind of storm, the simplest kind of storm—a single-cell thunderstorm. In this type of thunderstorm, there is usually only one main updraft, which is warm, damp air and drawn from places near the ground. Storms need warm and damp air as fuel, so they typically draw that air in from surrounding environment. Storms can draw in the air that fit their need from all directions—even from the direction in which the storm is traveling.
As the warm, damp air is pulled into a storm system, it leaves a low-pressure vacuum(真 空)coming after. The rising air meets the cold dry air that has already existed in the storm clouds, thus the temperature of the warm, damp air drops, and the water vapour(水蒸气)in it changes into tiny drops that are a precondition of rain. These drops accumulate and build on larger particles like dust, until they grow large enough to form raindrops.
This warm, damp air keeps moving upwards, but it becomes cooler and drier during its trip through cloud. When it reaches the top of the cloud, the air gets spit out(被挤出)at the top. This air is sent rolling out over the big thunderclouds. From there, the air goes down. Warm and dry air is relatively stable, and once it covers a region, that air, in turn, causes the calm before a storm.
Most thunderstorms, though, don't start with calm. That's because most are actually groups of storms with complex wind patterns. There's so much air moving up and down storm groups that the calm before the storm never happens. Instead, before the storm,让 might be really windy!
1. Which best fits the description of a particular kind of storm?A.A thunderstorm with a single shape. |
B.A thunderstorm without strong winds. |
C.A storm with air drawn from every directi on. |
D.A storm fueled by moving air from the ground. |
A.Cold and dry air. | B.Warm and dry air. |
C.Cold and damp air. | D.Warm and damp air. |
A.Presence of the calm relies on stable air. |
B.Not all thunderstorms start with the calm. |
C.The drier the air is, the bigger the storm will be. |
D.Storm happens without air moving up and down. |
A.Causes and effects of a heavy storm. |
B.A brief description of a peaceful storm. |
C.A personal experience of a heavy storm. |
D.An explanation of the calm before a storm. |
【推荐1】People who live in Iceland are proud of their country and their origin. Complete independence from Denmark after World War II resulted in the country's fast development. They refuse to permit immigration(移民) though the country has a small population. Their attitude to foreigners is friendly but reserved(保守) .
The Icelanders regard themselves as one big family. Most of them earn their living by farming and people' hopes are centered on the land and its soil. Typical for rural Iceland are the isolated valley farms against mountains. Cultivated grassland stretches out from the buildings.
They mainly raise sheep and cattle. In spring, flocks of sheep are driven to mountain grassland and allowed to wander freely over the summer. When autumn puts its first mark on the mountains, the sheep are rounded up and driven down.
As in all countries where winter and darkness take up most of the year, the center of life is the home. The houses of Iceland were once built of wood, but now cement (水泥) is used in towns and stones in the countryside. During the long winters the Icelanders rarely go out of the house. When they must go out, they put raincoats over their heavy woolen overcoats and furs to keep out the damp.
1. What can we learn about the Icelanders from Paragraph 1?A.They like friendly foreigners. |
B.They take pride in their own country. |
C.They are satisfied with their large population |
D.They are proud of their original country, Denmark. |
A.Farming | B.Sheep and cattle |
C.Cultivated grassland | D.Plants near the mountains |
A.Iceland is cold and damp. |
B.The houses are built of wood nowadays. |
C.The Icelanders like to live in the center of their houses. |
D.Different kinds of animals can be seen on the mountains. |
A.winter and spring | B.summer and autumn |
C.autumn and winter | D.spring and summer |
A.The history of Iceland | B.The rich life in Iceland |
C.The development of Iceland | D.The special way of life in Iceland |
【推荐2】Stories are a powerful way to communicate. We all learn through stories. I’ve raised a three-step formula anyone can use to create powerful stories that will help you make your point. First, identify your truth. Second, think of the decisive experiences that have led you to this "truth". Third, shape those experiences into a story that you can tell at the drop of a hat. Here’s an example of how I have used this formula.
Years ago, I had an assignment to conduct a team-building session. The client was my friend. I arrived at his office 5: 00 p. m. the day before our session. He asked me if I had an agenda for tomorrow’s meeting. I told him that, first we'll do A, then B, followed by C. We’ll finish up with D. Still he asked if I had an agenda.
At first, I thought he hadn’t been listening to what I just said, so I repeated myself, "First we'll do A, then B, followed by C. We’ll finish up with D. "He said," Yes, I know. That's what you just said. Do you have an agenda?
At that point, it dawned on me that he was looking for a printed agenda. I said, "No, but we really don't need one. I’ve done many meetings like this. It will go fine.” He said, “I’m not comfortable winging it.” So we created an agenda using Powerpoint. The next day, the meeting went off smoothly. We followed the agenda I had in my head and he had on the PowerPoint slide. Everyone agreed it was one of the best meetings of this type they had ever attended.
It became clear to me that if I want to influence not just this client, but anyone, I need to adapt my communication style to theirs. From that day on, I modify my communication style to meet the needs of the other person.
1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?A.How to form powerful stories | B.Stories come from experiences. |
C.How to communicate with powerful stories. | D.Stories play an important part in communication. |
A.By listing figures. | B.By giving examples. |
C.By making remarks. | D.By presenting research findings. |
A.The author winged it. |
B.The author's friend used Powerpoint. |
C.The author and his friend created an agenda separately. |
D.The author and his friend made an agenda using Powerpoint. |
A.Adopt | B.Follow | C.Change | D.Create |
【推荐3】
Food is always the best weapon to fight against time rather than using cosmetics and health products. The food on the following list will help you to keep fit, maintain a healthy heart, increase immunity and spend everyday happily.
Avoid Memory Loss
Fresh cheese will contribute to memory improvement because of its linoleic acid. It is also good for your bones due to the high calcium level. Eggs, milk, whole wheat bread, peanut butter, green pepper, cauliflower, pork liver and oysters are also good for your memory. A cup of red wine everyday is good for the nerve cells.
Fight Against Fat
Choosing the right food is an easy way to keep fit, like eating tuna fish, which is low in sugar and fat and also has few calories. Furthermore, it contains a variety of high quality protein and other nutrients, and it tastes good. Rich in iron, it is especially good for young women. Tuna fish is considered to be a great source of protein. Eating 85 grams of tuna fish will provide you with 20 grams of protein; therefore you don't have to worry about gaining weight when you eat it. Eating tuna fish is definitely a good choice to help keep fit.
Clean Blood
Breakfast with bread and honey is a wise choice for women. And the darker the honey, the better it is for you. According to research, dark honey is the best protection for human cells as it contains abundant elements with antioxidant functions. The elements found in honey will help clean your blood and prevent cardiac and cerebral diseases. If you like to exercise in the winter, you should eat more honey. The carbohydrates in honey will maintain your blood sugar level.
Increase Immunity
Oranges contain the most vitamin C, 30 percent more than other kinds of fruit. The simplest and most effective way to prevent winter colds is to eat oranges. 1 or 2 oranges a day will satisfy the body's demand for vitamin C.
Young Heart
Flavonol in broccoli florets can make people stronger and prevent cancer. Research conducted on 34,000 women revealed that flavonol can protect the heart and lower myocardial infraction from happening by a rate of 15-20 percent. However, flavonol in other plants such as tea or apples do not have this ability. Other than broccoli florets, walnuts are also good for the heart as they contain unsaturated fatty acid.
Breast Protection
According to latest US research, the risk of breast cancer in women who eat an egg everyday is 18 percent lower than those who don't eat eggs. Swedish scientists have found that rye has the same function as it has the ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells.
Maintain Your Youth
Not everyone likes peanut butter, but no one should neglect it because of its strong antioxidation functions that come from the vitamin E it contains. It is also good energy food. Unsaturated fatty acid in peanut butter can help people feel full and the carbohydrates in it can give people greater physical strength and vigor.
1. Who will pay much attention to this passage?A.Those who are suffering diseases. |
B.Those who are intended to keep fit and stay beautiful. |
C.Those who are in need of advice on health. |
D.Those who are old and in bad condition. |
A.Only eggs, milk, whole wheat bread, peanut butter are good for your memory. |
B.Fresh cheese is also good for your bones due to its linoleic acid. |
C.A cup of red wine everyday can avoid memory loss. |
D.Containing a variety of high quality protein and other nutrients, Tuna fish doesn't taste good. |
A.Whole wheat bread. | B.Honey. |
C.Tea. | D.Oranges. |
A.All of us don't like peanut butter though we can't neglect it. |
B.Eating an egg every day can inhibit the growth of cancer cells. |
C.Peanut butter isn't popular because it is good energy food. |
D.The more eggs, the less risk of breast cancer. |